We reconsider costs in insurance, and suggest a new type of cost function, which we argue is a natural choice when there are relatively small, but frequent, claims. If a fixed cost is incurred each time a claim is made, we obtain a Pareto optimal ded...
Medicare is one of the largest federal social insurance programs in the United States and the secondary payer for Medicare beneficiaries covered by employer-provided health insurance (EPHI). However, an increasing number of individuals are delaying t...
9 March 2022
Background: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder. This study aims to evaluate the direct medical costs of patients with PD using a large sample from an entire city and to identity the potential factors c...
Agricultural insurance is by far the most popular risk management tool used in Iran. Despite many years of experience, Iran’s current insurance policy has not managed to protect all producers in the sector. The basic principle of whole-farm ins...
Endometriosis is a disease that is often diagnosed late and that may lead to significant reduction in quality of life and serious complications (e.g., infertility). We aimed to assess the prevalence and the annual, nationwide health insurance treatme...
Real-world evidence in multiple sclerosis (MS) is limited by the availability of data elements in individual real-world datasets. We introduce a novel, growing database which links administrative claims and medical records from an MS patient manageme...
23 June 2021
Medical care for children with cancer is complex and expensive, and represents a large financial burden for families around the world. We estimated the medical cost of cancer care for children under the age of 18, using administrative records of the...
Given their occupation’s inherent income instability, the promotion of endowment insurance among construction workers is essential. This research reports the barriers and facilitators involved in promoting endowment insurance to construction wo...
Background: Endometriosis is one of the most common gynecological diseases that can lead to infertility. The aim of this quantitative, descriptive, and cross-sectional study was to analyze the prevalence and the annual nationwide health insurance tre...
13 January 2022
With the rise and popularization of the concept of green sustainable development, green income growth of agricultural insurance policies has attracted wide attention. Whether green income growth can be achieved has become an important criterion for m...
Objective: This study evaluated the cost-effectiveness of sacituzumab govitecan (SG) compared with single-agent chemotherapy of the physician’s choice (TPC) from the perspective of Taiwan’s National Health Insurance. Methods: A partitione...
Introduction: Costs associated with cancer care are increasing. Cancer costs in the context of other common non-cancer diagnoses have not been extensively studied at the population level. Knowledge from such analyses can inform health care resource a...
Flood-producing rainfall amounts have a significant cumulative economic impact. Despite the advance in flood risk mitigation measures, the cost of rehabilitation and compensation of citizens by the state and insurance companies is increasing worldwid...
In the United States, federally-funded health plans are mandated to measure the quality of care. Adherence-based medication quality metrics depend on completeness of administrative claims data for accurate measurement. Low-cost generic programs (LCGP...
18 March 2021
The administration of intensive end-of-life care just before death in older patients has become a major policy concern, as it increases medical costs; however, care intensity does not necessarily indicate quality. This study aimed to describe the tem...
Healthcare cost acceleration and resource allocation issues have worsened across European health systems, where a small group of patients drives excessive healthcare spending. The prediction of high-cost utilization patterns is important for the sust...
3 February 2023
Bulgaria is among the European Union (EU) countries with the highest burden of cervical cancers and life expectancy below the EU average. The majority of cervical cancer cases (more than 95%) are caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV). The aim of t...
Anti-tumor necrosis factor-α (anti-TNFα) agents are used for induction and maintenance of remission in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). However, biologic drugs present a large economic burden on health insurance systems. W...
Background: The efficacy of therapy for coronary heart disease with ACE inhibitors has been documented in clinical investigations. The EUROPA study has backed up the clinical usefulness of the ACE inhibitor perindopril in a dose of 8 mg/day in patien...
In a prospective study, we sought to determine acceptability of linkage of administrative and clinical trial data among Canadian patients and Research Ethics Boards (REBs). The goal is to develop a more harmonized approach to data, with potential to...
Equalization reserves is an insurance liability with features of own capital. By law, Swiss reinsurance and non-life undertakings must hold equalization reserves within their statutory accounts. Regarding Swiss solvency modeling, the equalization res...
There is a need to identify innovative strategies whereby individuals, families, and communities can learn to access and prepare affordable and nutritious foods, in combination with evidence-based guidance about diet and lifestyle. These approaches a...
Efficient cattle healthcare management is vital for ensuring productivity and welfare in dairy production, yet traditional record-keeping methods often lack transparency, security, and efficiency, leading to challenges in livestock product quality an...
Flooding remains one of the most disruptive and costly natural hazards worldwide. Conventional approaches for estimating flood damage cost rely on empirical loss curves or historical insurance data, which often lack spatial resolution and predictive...
The latest Italian seismic events have highlighted a high discrepancy between the potential destructiveness of an earthquake and the consequent economic losses due to damage to buildings. The main reason for this mismatch is the high number of vulner...
A web-based quantitative survey tested pet owners’ preferences and willingness-to-pay for canine anti-pruritus therapies, and for improvements in pruritus-related quality of life. This survey was designed using findings from recent research int...
Neglecting preventive healthcare policies has contributed to the global surge in chronic diseases, increased hospitalizations, declining quality of care, and escalating costs. Non-communicable diseases (NCDs)—notably cardiovascular conditions,...
Therapeutic options with immunosuppressive agents for glomerular diseases have widened with refinements to the Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) guidelines from 2012 to 2021. However, international guidelines do not necessarily match t...
19 January 2021
Background and Aims: Improving global health requires making current and future drugs more effective and affordable. While healthcare systems around the world are faced with increasing costs, branded and generic drug companies are facing the challeng...
In the context of emergency management, individual or household decisions to engage in risk mitigation behaviors are widely recognized to be influenced by a benefit–cost perception (perceived applied value (PAV) vs. perceived economic value (PE...
Historically, the progress of long term-oxygen therapy (LTOT) in Japan has been characterized by collaboration among academic groups, policy makers, and industrial companies. The public health insurance program has covered the cost of LTOT since 1985...
27 March 2015
The health medical costs of colorectal cancer are increasingly higher in Taiwan. The National Health Insurance Administration (NHI) and The Health Promotion Administration of the Ministry of Health and Welfare (MOHW) in Taiwan encourage individuals t...
4 December 2017
The health costs of colorectal cancer have increased over the years in Taiwan. The National Health Insurance Administration (NHI) and the Health Promotion Administration of the Ministry of Health and Welfare (MOHW) in Taiwan advocate that people have...
For the last 70 years, we did not move beyond the monoamine hypothesis of depression until the approval of the S-enantiomer of ketamine, an N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor blocker and the first non-monoaminergic antidepressant characterized by r...
Background: This study compares short- and mid-term morbidity and mortality outcomes in preterm infants treated with the natural surfactants poractant alfa and calfactant, to assess differences in their clinical efficacy and safety profiles. Methods:...
11 October 2019
To determine whether Seoul’s dementia screening program increased the rate of diagnosis and the appropriate use of healthcare services for people with dementia, a retrospective data analysis was conducted based on administrative data from the H...
(1) Background: A biosimilar is a biologic medical product that has been approved by the United States Food and Federal Drug Administration (FDA) and is an almost identical copy of an original biologic product yet manufactured by a different company....
Millions of new cancer patients receive chemotherapy each year. In addition to killing cancer cells, chemotherapy is likely to damage rapidly proliferating healthy cells, including the hair follicle keratinocytes. Chemotherapy causes substantial thin...
Background: Even if robotic assisted total knee arthroplasty (RATKA) is a widely used technique, there is still a gap of knowledge about whether this technology is effective in improving the patient utility. This measure is of paramount importance fo...
5 July 2016
Objective: China introduced a series of health reforms in 2009, including a national essential medicines policy and a medical insurance system for primary care institutions. This study aimed to determine the changing prescribing patterns associated w...
Background: Return to work (RTW) is a fundamental aspect of recovery after stroke, importantly, for workers of working age. Evidence indicates there is little known about the clinical and systematic predictors of RTW in Hungary. We aimed to determine...
11 September 2019
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is an irreversible neurodegenerative disease that leads to dementia, health impairment, and high economic cost. Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a chronic inflammatory and allergic disease of the respiratory system that leads...
Background: Gender-affirming mastectomy (GAM) improves the psychosocial functioning and quality of life of transgender and non-binary (TGNB) individuals. However, the perioperative period is often marked by emotional stress, concerns about surgical o...