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  • Article
  • Open Access
9 Citations
2,552 Views
17 Pages

Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Soil C:N:P:K Eco-Stoichiometry of Farmland and Grassland in the Agro-Pastoral Ecotone in Inner Mongolia, China

  • Yanli Zhang,
  • Miao Liu,
  • Li Han,
  • Jinhu Yang,
  • Xinyao Zhao,
  • Jiahui Qu,
  • Lijun Li,
  • Yunlong Bai,
  • Dong Yan and
  • Guannan Hou

8 February 2024

Ecological stoichiometry (ES) is an important index that reflects the balance of various elements in ecological processes. Therefore, it is of great significance to understand the soil nutrient cycle to clarify the environmental control of soil carbo...

  • Article
  • Open Access
12 Citations
2,102 Views
16 Pages

8 May 2024

The golden cuttlefish (Sepia esculenta) is an important cephalopod species with a lifespan of approximately one year. The species plays a crucial role in marine ecological support services and is commercially valuable in fisheries. In the seas around...

  • Article
  • Open Access
13 Citations
3,699 Views
20 Pages

Microbial nitrogen (N) removal capability can be significantly enhanced in a horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland (HSCW) amended by Fe-modified biochar (FeB). To further explore the microbiological mechanism of FeB enhancing N removal, nirS...

  • Article
  • Open Access
12 Citations
3,435 Views
11 Pages

9 November 2021

Understanding the geographic patterns and potential drivers of leaf stoichiometry and plant biomass is critical for modeling the biogeochemical cycling of ecosystems and to forecast the responses of ecosystems to global changes. Therefore, we studied...

  • Article
  • Open Access
18 Citations
3,159 Views
13 Pages

24 February 2022

The effects of environmental factors on topsoil nutrient distribution have been extensively discussed, but it remains unclear how they affect spatial characteristics of soil carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) stoichiometry at different dept...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
2,821 Views
14 Pages

1 September 2022

Spatial patterns of soil carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) and their stoichiometric characteristics (C:N:P) play an important role in nutrient limitations, community dynamics, nutrient use efficiency and biogeochemical cycles, etc. To date,...

  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
2,454 Views
15 Pages

17 February 2023

Soil elemental stoichiometry, expressed as the ratios of carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P), regulates the biogeochemical processes of elements in terrestrial ecosystems. Generally, the soil C:N:P stoichiometry characteristics of agricultur...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,393 Views
21 Pages

Quantifying the Spatiotemporal Variations of Soil Nitrogen Fixation or Absorption from Soybean, Cotton, and Maize Planted Fields to Support Sustainable Agriculture Practices

  • José Bofana,
  • Raul Domingos Mussane,
  • Rosalina Armando Tamele,
  • Ana Cristina Costa,
  • Barreta Savanguane,
  • Ivans Popinsky and
  • António F. Matusse

12 December 2024

Sustainable agricultural practices are pivotal for environmental preservation and enhancing crop quality. Understanding soil nutrient levels is crucial in determining appropriate fertilizer application in agriculture production systems. In the 2022/2...

  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
2,598 Views
17 Pages

Effects of Cropping Systems on Soil Physicochemical Properties and Abundances and Spatial Distributions of Nitrogen-Cycling Bacteria

  • Annesly M. Netthisinghe,
  • Hunter O. Galloway,
  • Getahun E. Agga,
  • Phillip A. Gunter and
  • Karamat R. Sistani

25 May 2023

Soil nitrogen (N) is a common limiting factor where soil N-cycling is a key component of agroecosystems. Soil N transformation processes are largely mediated by microbes, and understanding bacteria involvement in soil N-cycling in agricultural system...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,705 Views
19 Pages

Subsurface Drip Irrigation Combined with Ammonium Enhances Root Growth in Rice (Oryza sativa L.), Leading to Improved N Uptake and Higher Yield Formation

  • Yuman Cui,
  • Weidong Ma,
  • Changnan Yang,
  • Ruxiao Bai,
  • Tianze Xia,
  • Changzhou Wei,
  • Xinjiang Zhang and
  • Guangwei Zhou

12 March 2025

Coordinating the spatial distribution of crop roots with soil nutrients, along with selecting appropriate types of fertilizers, is an effective strategy to enhance root nutrient absorption and increase crop yield. In Xinjiang’s current surface...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,125 Views
27 Pages

Species Diversity and Spatial Distribution of Some Oribatid Mites in Bory Tucholskie National Park (N Poland)

  • Wojciech Niedbała,
  • Agnieszka Napierała,
  • Jacek Wendzonka,
  • Karolina Lubińska,
  • Marta Kulczak and
  • Jerzy Błoszyk

5 November 2024

There are 23 national parks in Poland, and only a few of them have been studied thoroughly with regard to acarofauna so far. One of the least-examined areas in this regard is Bory Tucholskie National Park (BTNP), established in 1996. The aim of this...

  • Article
  • Open Access
12 Citations
3,252 Views
15 Pages

30 January 2022

There have been many studies on contaminant removal by fresh and aged nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI), but the effect of spatial distribution of nZVI on the corrosion behavior of the composite materials and its subsequent Cr(VI) removal remains unc...

  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
3,243 Views
13 Pages

15 October 2021

The spatial distributions of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) in surface sediments are of great significance in studying the ecological process of nutrient cycling in intertidal flats. However, little is known about N and P’s spatial distribution in i...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2,117 Views
12 Pages

Quantifying the Spatial Distribution of Soil Nitrogen under Long-Term Drip Fertigation

  • Yaran Bi,
  • Wenyong Wu,
  • Lizhu Hou,
  • Renkuan Liao,
  • Xiangshuai Bi,
  • Linlin Wang and
  • Yuehong Chen

20 April 2022

Quantifying the spatial distribution of nitrogen (N) in the soil under long-term drip fertigation events is essential for the optimal regulation of drip fertigation systems. In this study, a greenhouse soil that had been under drip irrigation for 20...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
2,345 Views
12 Pages

30 May 2023

Nothofagus alessandrii is an endangered species with limited and fragmented distribution in the Maule coastal forest of central Chile. Understanding the factors and processes that influence the natural growth of this species is crucial for mitigating...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
649 Views
19 Pages

19 September 2025

Global change seriously affects human survival, and urban forests can improve human living environments and mitigate the negative impacts of global change. The spatial distribution of carbon and nitrogen is key to assessing the health of forest ecosy...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,220 Views
16 Pages

20 December 2024

Rivers and estuaries are recognized as significant sources of atmospheric greenhouse gas nitrous oxide (N2O), primarily through diffusive pathways. Anthropogenic nitrogen contributions to surface water bodies can alter the baseline emissions from nat...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
4,178 Views
25 Pages

G-STC-M Spatio-Temporal Analysis Method for Archaeological Sites

  • Jing Cui,
  • Yanrong Liu,
  • Junling Sun,
  • Di Hu and
  • Handong He

Based on the significant hotspots analysis method (Getis-Ord Gi* significance statistics), space-time cube model (STC) and the Mann–Kendall trend test method, this paper proposes a G-STC-M spatio-temporal analysis method based on Archaeological Sites...

  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
3,008 Views
13 Pages

The Biogeography of Forest Soil Microbial Functional Diversity Responds to Forest Types across Guangxi, Southwest China

  • Wanxia Peng,
  • Feng Wang,
  • Tongqing Song,
  • Qiujin Tan,
  • Hu Du,
  • Fuping Zeng,
  • Kelin Wang,
  • Hao Zhang and
  • Zhaoxia Zeng

17 November 2021

Vegetation and soil have spatial distributions at different scales, while the spatial distribution of soil microorganisms and factors driving their distribution are still unclear. We aimed to reveal the spatial pattern of microbial functional diversi...

  • Abstract
  • Open Access
1,516 Views
2 Pages

Modelling the Distribution of Freshwater Fish Species to Update Natura 2000 Standard Data Forms in Spain

  • Mónica Lanzas,
  • Jorge R. Sánchez-González,
  • Frederic Casals,
  • Felipe Morcillo,
  • Francisco Guil and
  • Virgilio Hermoso

Freshwater systems are among the most threatened ecosystems worldwide, and fish species inhabiting them are increasingly endangered by different pressures. One of the most important tools in the European Union (EU) to halt this decline is the Natura...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,665 Views
26 Pages

4 March 2025

The identification of the multifunctional combination of production–living–ecological spaces (PLES) in urban agglomerations, particularly in urban cores and peri–urban areas, is a critical issue in the urbanization process. This stu...

  • Article
  • Open Access
16 Citations
3,915 Views
16 Pages

17 March 2020

We studied how rainfall spatial distribution affects the relationship between rainfall spatiotemporal resolution and runoff prediction accuracy under real field conditions. We gathered radar rainfall and discharge data for three rainfall events. Thes...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,588 Views
13 Pages

Response of Stand Spatial Structure to Nitrogen Addition in Deciduous Broad-Leaved Forest in Jigong Mountain

  • Liang Hong,
  • Guangshuang Duan,
  • Shenglei Fu,
  • Liyong Fu,
  • Lei Ma,
  • Xiaowei Li and
  • Juemin Fu

17 June 2024

Significant influences on tree growth and forest functionality are attributed to nitrogen (N) addition. However, limited research has been conducted on the effects of N addition on forest spatial structure. In this study, we examined the effects of d...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
2,948 Views
28 Pages

We quantize the Hamilton equations instead of the Hamilton condition. The resulting equation has the simple form Δu=0 in a fiber bundle, where the Laplacian is the Laplacian of the Wheeler–DeWitt metric provided n4. Using then separation of variabl...

  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
2,837 Views
16 Pages

Effects of Aerated Drip Irrigation on the Soil Nitrogen Distribution, Crop Growth, and Yield of Chili Peppers

  • Hongjun Lei,
  • Jinniu Xia,
  • Zheyuan Xiao,
  • Yingying Chen,
  • Cuicui Jin,
  • Hongwei Pan and
  • Zhuodan Pang

26 February 2024

In order to study the soil nitrogen (N) distribution pattern in the root zone of chili peppers under aerated drip irrigation (ADI) conditions and analyze the relationship between soil N distribution and crop growth, two irrigation methods (convention...

  • Article
  • Open Access
26 Citations
4,895 Views
13 Pages

1 November 2017

Although the soils in the Tibetan Plateau shrublands store large amounts of total nitrogen (N), the estimated values remain uncertain because of spatial heterogeneity and a lack of field observations. In this study, we quantified the regional soil N...

  • Article
  • Open Access
35 Citations
9,088 Views
13 Pages

Cluster of Human Infections with Avian Influenza A (H7N9) Cases: A Temporal and Spatial Analysis

  • Yi Zhang,
  • Zhixiong Shen,
  • Chunna Ma,
  • Chengsheng Jiang,
  • Cindy Feng,
  • Nivedita Shankar,
  • Peng Yang,
  • Wenjie Sun and
  • Quanyi Wang

Objectives: This study aims to describe the spatial and temporal characteristics of human infections with H7N9 virus in China using data from February 2013 to March 2014 from the websites of every province’s Population and Family Planning Commission....

  • Article
  • Open Access
15 Citations
7,031 Views
18 Pages

This study investigated the spatial distribution, spatial autocorrelation, temporal cluster, spatial-temporal autocorrelation and probable risk factors of H7N9 outbreaks in humans from March 2013 to December 2014 in China. The results showed that the...

  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
2,366 Views
25 Pages

Spatial Prediction of Organic Matter Quality in German Agricultural Topsoils

  • Ali Sakhaee,
  • Thomas Scholten,
  • Ruhollah Taghizadeh-Mehrjardi,
  • Mareike Ließ and
  • Axel Don

Soil organic matter (SOM) and the ratio of soil organic carbon to total nitrogen (C/N ratio) are fundamental to the ecosystem services provided by soils. Therefore, understanding the spatial distribution and relationships between the SOM components m...

  • Communication
  • Open Access
5 Citations
2,232 Views
9 Pages

Barrier Height, Ideality Factor and Role of Inhomogeneities at the AlGaN/GaN Interface in GaN Nanowire Wrap-Gate Transistor

  • Siva Pratap Reddy Mallem,
  • Peddathimula Puneetha,
  • Yeojin Choi,
  • Seung Mun Baek,
  • Dong-Yeon Lee,
  • Ki-Sik Im and
  • Sung Jin An

17 December 2023

It is essential to understand the barrier height, ideality factor, and role of inhomogeneities at the metal/semiconductor interfaces in nanowires for the development of next generation nanoscale devices. Here, we investigate the drain current (Ids)&n...

  • Article
  • Open Access
20 Citations
3,575 Views
18 Pages

12 April 2023

This paper aims to analyze the spatial patterns characteristics of cultural resources within the Yellow River National Cultural Park in China. Therefore, this paper plans to use Arcgis-10.8 software to describe the spatial patterns of cultural resour...

  • Article
  • Open Access
216 Views
18 Pages

Geostatistical Analysis of the Variability in Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis Fishing Grounds in the Northwestern Indian Ocean High Seas

  • Ruizhi Zhou,
  • Hanfeng Zheng,
  • Yongchuang Shi,
  • Lingzhi Li,
  • Wei Fan,
  • Ziniu Li,
  • Guoqing Zhao and
  • Fenghua Tang

27 January 2026

Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis is a major commercial species in the high-seas fisheries of the northwestern Indian Ocean. However, its spatiotemporal distribution exhibits strong uncertainty under climate and environmental variability, complicating the u...

  • Article
  • Open Access
13 Citations
3,133 Views
15 Pages

Targeting Hotspots to Achieve Sustainable Nitrogen Management in China’s Smallholder-Dominated Cereal Production

  • Qingsong Zhang,
  • Tingyu Li,
  • Yulong Yin,
  • Hao Ying,
  • Zhenling Cui and
  • Fusuo Zhang

15 March 2021

Agriculture in China, which is dominated by millions of smallholders, consumes 30% of global nitrogen (N) fertilizers and results in a high surplus and vast spatial variability of N. Identifying the N-management practices of smallholder farmers is cr...

  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
4,553 Views
16 Pages

10 February 2023

Freshippo villages (Hema villages) that develop a typical digital agricultural economy with new retail are distributed in most provinces of China, and the rules of their spatial distribution are important for systemically carrying out current sustain...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,057 Views
16 Pages

20 April 2023

The contraction/expansion laminar flow containing rodlike particles in power-law fluid is studied numerically when the particles are in a dilute phase. The fluid velocity vector and streamline of flow are given at the finite Reynolds number (Re) regi...

  • Article
  • Open Access
14 Citations
4,895 Views
13 Pages

This study aims to describe the spatial and temporal characteristics of human infections with H7N9 virus in China using data from 19 February 2013 to 30 September 2017 extracted from Centre for Health Protection of the Department of Health (CHP) and...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
2,374 Views
16 Pages

16 October 2023

In this paper, the groundwater environment in the farmland area around a traditional industrial park in Shifang City, southwest China, was taken as the research object. Geostatistical methods with GIS technology were adopted to analyze the spatial di...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
7,335 Views
13 Pages

Modelling Nitrogen Losses from Sheep Grazing Systems with Different Spatial Distributions of Excreta

  • Matthew J. Bell,
  • Brendan R. Cullen,
  • Ian R. Johnson and
  • Richard J. Eckard

25 September 2012

The aim of this study was to assess the effect that the randomised versus even distribution of excreta (dung and urine) may have on modelling nitrogen (N) losses by leaching, volatilisation and denitrification from a grazing system. A range of stock...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,420 Views
23 Pages

5 September 2023

Ammonia nitrogen (NH4-N), nitrite nitrogen (NO2-N), and nitrate nitrogen (NO3-N) are important nutrients for maintaining the ecological balance of seawater archipelagos. Obtaining the concentrations of the three nitrogenous compounds simultaneously c...

  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
3,818 Views
18 Pages

1 June 2023

The northern Chinese coastal seas have been observed to constitute a large jellyfish blooming hotspots during the las decades. The spatial distribution of the abundance and biomass of large jellyfish was investigated in this area through a bottom tra...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
3,789 Views
21 Pages

The Variations of Outgoing Longwave Radiation in East Asia and Its Influencing Factors

  • Chaoli Tang,
  • Dong Liu,
  • Xiaomin Tian,
  • Fengmei Zhao and
  • Congming Dai

17 March 2023

Outgoing longwave radiation (OLR) data are one of the key factors in studying the radiation balance of the earth–atmosphere system in East Asia. It is of great significance to explore the influence factors on OLR. This paper processes the data...

  • Feature Paper
  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
3,067 Views
11 Pages

18 July 2019

A fundamental goal of ecology is to understand the spatial distribution of species. For moving animals, their location is crucially dependent on the movement mechanisms they employ to navigate the landscape. Animals across many taxa are known to exhi...

  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
1,677 Views
25 Pages

Soil and Plant Nitrogen Management Indices Related to Within-Field Spatial Variability

  • Remigiusz Łukowiak,
  • Przemysław Barłóg and
  • Jakub Ceglarek

20 August 2024

Field zones at risk of low nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) can be identified by analyzing in-field spatial variability. This hypothesis was validated by analyzing soil mineral nitrogen (Nmin) and several plant and soil N management indices. The researc...

  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
2,020 Views
16 Pages

Mapping Key Soil Properties of Cropland in a Mountainous Region of Southwestern China

  • Baocai Su,
  • Rui Liu,
  • Zhenzong Lu,
  • Yue Hong,
  • Naijie Chang,
  • Ye Wang,
  • Zhenwei Song and
  • Runzhi Li

29 June 2024

Soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), and total potassium (TK) are important indicators for evaluating soil fertility. Exploring the content and spatial distribution of these indicators is of great significance for op...

  • Article
  • Open Access
8,733 Views
9 Pages

21 December 2000

Quantum mechanical calculations were carried out to study the molecular geometry and electronic structure of 2-amino-2-desoxyglucopyranose (AG) and the Nacetyl-, N-ethanoyl-, series of N-phthalimidoalkanoyl-AG. The total charge density, electrostatic...

  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
3,555 Views
13 Pages

Polychaete (Annelida) Diversity Patterns in Southern Gulf of Mexico: The Influence of Spatial Structure and Environmental Variables

  • Benjamín Quiroz-Martínez,
  • Pablo Hernández-Alcántara,
  • David Alberto Salas-de-León and
  • Vivianne Solís-Weiss

3 September 2021

A comprehensive database was built to examine the spatial diversity patterns of polychaete species from the continental shelf in Southern Gulf of Mexico. Using Cluster and nMDS analysis we found the composition of polychaete species to be different b...

  • Article
  • Open Access
10 Citations
2,436 Views
17 Pages

19 September 2024

Climate change is having important effects on the migration routes and seasonal–spatial distribution patterns of aquatic animals, including the cephalopods Sepiella maindroni de Rochebrune (Hoyle, 1886) and Sepia kobiensis (Hoyle, 1885) in the...

  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
1,880 Views
15 Pages

15 December 2024

Magnolia officinalis Rehder & E.H. Wilson is a deciduous tree in the Magnoliaceae family with extensive medicinal uses in China and Japan, being used to treat symptoms such as indigestion, insomnia, and anxiety. In this study, we used the MaxEnt...

  • Article
  • Open Access
20 Citations
4,296 Views
28 Pages

The soil and human health issues are closely linked. Properly managed nitrogen (N) does not endanger human health and increases crop production, nevertheless when overused and uncontrolled, can contribute to side effects. This research was intended t...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
294 Views
14 Pages

Long-Term In Situ Monitoring of Ambient Gamma Dose Equivalent Rates in Macedonia: Temporal Trends from 2010 to 2020

  • Lambe Barandovski,
  • Irena Zlatanovska,
  • Trajče Stafilov,
  • Robert Šajn and
  • Aneta Gacovska-Barandovska

19 January 2026

In situ measurements of ambient dose equivalent rates were conducted across the territory of Macedonia at five-year intervals in 2010, 2015, and 2020. Data were collected from 68 uniformly distributed locations in 2010 and from 72 locations in both 2...

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