Fluid components in cores are crucial parameters in evaluating the quality of a shale reservoir in both laboratory analyses and log interpretation. In the Gulong area, shale reservoirs are characterized by a high clay content, with clay spaces hostin...
Lithofacies identification and classification are critical for characterizing the hydrocarbon potential of unconventional resources. Although extensive applications of machine learning models in predicting lithofacies have been applied to conventiona...
The Qing-1 layer of the Gulong Depression in the northern Songliao Basin is a liquid-rich shale oil reservoir that has the characteristics of nanopores, high maturity, high gas/oil ratio (GOR), etc. The production performance of wells in the Gulong s...
The lithofacies characteristics of the Qingshankou Formation (K2qn) shale in the Gulong Depression are crucial for oil exploration and development. This study investigates the K2qn shale lithofacies characteristics and their impact on reservoir physi...
Continental shale reservoirs exhibit pronounced multi-scale heterogeneity, with reservoir quality governed by the interplay of lamina assemblages, bedding continuity, and lithological spatial variability. Conventional digital outcrop modeling (DOM) p...
Recently, 15.1 billion tons of shale oil geological resources were discovered in the Qingshankou Formation of Gulong Sag, Songliao Basin, and this discovery has attracted considerable attention. Thus far, the sedimentary environment and diagenetic pr...
Petrophysical cutoffs and reservoir-grading criteria were investigated for shale oil in the first member of the Qingshankou Formation in the Qijia–Gulong Sag, Songliao Basin. A total of 186 shale core samples were analyzed using scanning electr...
The Gulong shale oil reservoir is characterized by high clay content and strong heterogeneity, with substantial variations in mineral composition among different intervals. However, existing fracability evaluation methods for such continental shales...
To study the impact of faults on the enrichment and mobility of shale oil in the Gulong area, representative rock samples were selected in this paper. Based on geochemical data and chemical kinetics methods, coupled with shale oil enrichment and mobi...
To clarify the reservoir characteristics of laminated shale, the occurrence mechanism of shale oil and its influencing factors in the Gulong Sag, northern Songliao Basin, are studied to better guide the exploration and development of shale oil there....
The First Member of the Cretaceous Qingshankou Formation (K2qn1) in the Gulong Sag, Songliao Basin, contains vast shale oil resources conventionally interpreted as deposits of suspension settling in a quiescent, anoxic deep-lacustrine environment. Ho...
The successful exploration and development of shale oil in the clay-rich Gulong shale have sparked increased research into the influence of clay minerals on shale reservoirs. However, compared to chlorite in sandstones, limited studies have focused o...
In the process of the exploration and development of shale oil, the influence of hydration on shale reservoirs is complex, as it can not only improve porosity and permeability, but also lead to reservoir instability. At present, there is a lack of sy...
The Gulong shale oil reservoir is situated in freshwater to slightly saline lacustrine basins mainly consisting of a pure shale geological structure, which is quite different from other shale reservoirs around the world. Currently, the development of...
Songliao Basin hosts abundant shale oil and gas resources, yet the phase behavior of the fluids is still unclear since the confinement effect of the shale reservoir alters the adsorption effect on the pore walls. In this study, molecular dynamics (MD...
The Qingshankou Formation (K2qn) represents a key interval for lacustrine shale oil accumulation in the Songliao Basin. However, the spatial heterogeneity of organic-rich shales and their controlling mechanisms remain poorly constrained. Here, we inv...
After hydraulic fracturing, hydraulic fractures and opened beddings are intertwined, which results in a complex fracture network in shale oil reservoirs. In addition, the migration of multi-phase fluids during fracturing and shut-in processes leads t...
The exploration of continental shale oil in China has made a breakthrough in many basins, but the pure shale type has only been found in the Qingshankou Formation, Gulong Sag, Songliao Basin, and the evaluation of shale oil occurrence and sweet spot...
Strong heterogeneity in unconventional reservoirs leads to complex fracture propagation and challenges in quantitative stimulation evaluation. This study integrates true triaxial fracturing experiments, three-dimensional CT reconstruction, multi-fiel...
The characteristics of shale oil reservoirs, such as low porosity, ultra-low permeability, and complex pore structure, are key factors affecting effective pore space and fluid migration. This study focuses on medium-to-high maturity mud shale in the...
The exploration and development of Gulong shale oil in the Songliao Basin has achieved a major breakthrough, with the result that a national shale oil demonstration area is being built. The shale in the Sanzhao Sag is abundant in organic matter and i...
Hydrothermal activity is widespread in sedimentary basins, but its dual effects (chemistry and temperature) on shale reservoirs are rarely discussed. In this research, we systematically collected 33 well core samples from Q1 to Q9 units in Gulong Sag...
As exploration expands into deep and unconventional petroleum systems, light oil and condensate have become key targets for reserve growth and production enhancement. This study employs the gold tube pyrolysis of kerogens from Cretaceous Qingshankou...
Strategic breakthroughs have been made in the exploration and evaluation of Gulong shale oil in the Songliao Basin. However, the Heiyupao Depression, located near the Gulong Depression, hosts a thick section of the Qingshankou Formation shale that ha...
The pore-throat radius of the shale oil reservoir is extremely small, and it is difficult to accurately obtain the absolute permeability and oil–water two-phase relative permeability of the actual oil reservoir through conventional core experim...
Gulong shale oil is found in a typical continental shale oil reservoir, which is different from marine shale oil reservoirs. The Gulong shale oil reservoir is a pure shale-type oil reservoir with abundantly developed nanoscale pores, making it extrem...
The exploration and development of shale oil offers significant potential as an alternative to address oil and gas supply. The complex geological conditions characterized by inter-lithology and strong heterogeneity pose substantial challenges in frac...
The problem of casing deformation caused by large-scale hydraulic fracturing in shale oil wells severely restricts the efficient development of Gulong shale oil. In order to clarify the mechanism of casing deformation in shale oil wells, comprehensiv...
Shale pore structure characterization is key to shale reservoir evaluation, sweet spot selection, and economic exploitation. It remains a challenge to accurately characterize shale micro-nano pores. Common experimental characterization methods for sh...
Overpressure systems in the Qingshankou Formation of the Gulong Sag have a significant impact on unconventional shale oil accumulation, but their distribution and genesis are unknown. This study uses a comparative analysis of three primary pressure p...
Accurately evaluating fracability is crucial for improving shale gas fracturing efficiency. This study proposes a new mechanical deformation modulus to characterize rock fracture modes under coupled effects of stress conditions and mechanical paramet...
The core of the exploration and development of unconventional oil and gas resources, such as shale oil, lies in the effective identification and scale utilization of the sweet spot. Oil saturation is an important parameter in evaluating the sweet spo...
The first member of the Qingshankou Formation, in the Gulong Sag in the northern part of the Songliao Basin, has become an important target for unconventional hydrocarbon exploration. The organic-rich shale within this formation not only provides fav...
Total organic carbon (TOC) content is an important parameter for evaluating the abundance of organic matter in, and the hydrocarbon production capacity, of shale. Currently, no prediction method is applicable to all geological conditions, so explorin...
Chinese shale reservoirs are typically deep, clay-rich, and highly water-sensitive, which severely limits the effectiveness of conventional hydraulic fracturing. To address this challenge, we propose a microwave-assisted waterless fracturing method a...
The implementation of lean drilling and completion design techniques is a pivotal strategy for the petroleum and natural gas industry to achieve green, low-carbon, and intelligent transformation and innovation. These techniques significantly enhance...
This paper investigates high-maturity organic matter-rich shales with high clay mineral contents in the Qingshankou Formation, in the Gulong Depression of the Songliao Basin, at a sub-millimeter scale, using a new laminar division method based on XRF...
Hydrocarbon resource potential evaluation represents the primary and core component of whole petroleum system studies. However, compared with the substantial progress achieved in understanding hydrocarbon generation mechanisms, quantitative assessmen...
Breakthrough pressure (BP) is a key parameter for evaluating the sealing capacity of shale caprocks, whereas direct laboratory measurements are time-consuming and costly, limiting their use in continuous regional assessment. This study develops a con...