The intent of this paper is to provide an introduction into the bourgeoning field of eye tracking in Virtual Reality (VR). VR itself is an emerging technology on the consumer market, which will create many new opportunities in research. It offers a l...
Combining eye tracking and virtual reality (VR) is a promising approach to tackle various applied research questions. As this approach is relatively new, routines are not established yet and the first steps can be full of potential pitfalls. The pres...
The simulated data used in eye-tracking-related research has been largely generated using normative eye models with little consideration of how the variations in eye biometry found in the population may influence eye-tracking outcomes. This study inv...
We review all published eye-tracking studies to date that have used eye movements to examine multiple object (MOT) or multiple identity tracking (MIT). In both tasks, observers dynamically track multiple moving objects. In MOT the objects are identic...
Not all eye-tracking methodology and data processing are equal. While the use of eye-tracking is intricate because of its grounding in visual physiology, traditional 2D eye-tracking methods are supported by software, tools, and reference studies. Thi...
Eye fatigue has a fatiguing effect on the eye muscles, and eye movement performance is a macroscopic response to the eye fatigue state. To detect and prevent the risk of eye fatigue in advance, this study designed an eye fatigue detection experiment,...
Eye-tracking is a biometrics technique that has started to find applications in research related to our interaction with the built environment. Depending on the focus of a given study, the collection of valence and arousal measurements can also be co...
This study develops an eye tracking method for autostereoscopic three-dimensional (3D) display systems for use in various environments. The eye tracking-based autostereoscopic 3D display provides low crosstalk and high-resolution 3D image experience...
This systematic review examines the use of eye-tracking devices in optometry, describing their main characteristics, areas of application and metrics used. Using the PRISMA method, a systematic search was performed of three databases. The search stra...
Eye tracking provides a quantitative measure of eye movements during different activities. We report the results from a bibliometric analysis to investigate trends in eye tracking research applied to the study of different medical conditions. We cond...
Tracking drivers’ eyes and gazes is a topic of great interest in the research of advanced driving assistance systems (ADAS). It is especially a matter of serious discussion among the road safety researchers’ community, as visual distracti...
The “Content-Identifying Methodology”, or CIM, is an approach developed by environmental psychologists Rachel and Stephen Kaplan to understand the landscape characteristics that people find visually attractive. The Kaplans did this by sur...
Eye tracking, a fundamental process in gaze analysis, involves measuring the point of gaze or eye motion. It is crucial in numerous applications, including human–computer interaction (HCI), education, health care, and virtual reality. This stud...
The innovative Eye Movement Modelling Examples (EMMEs) method can be used in medicine as an educational training tool for the assessment and verification of students and professionals. Our work was intended to analyse the possibility of using eye tra...
The inability of current video-based eye trackers to reliably detect very small eye movements has led to confusion about the prevalence or even the existence of monocular microsaccades (small, rapid eye movements that occur in only one eye at a time)...
We present an algorithmic and visual grouping of participants and eye-tracking metrics derived from recorded eye-tracking data. Our method utilizes two well-established visualization concepts. First, parallel coordinates are used to provide an overvi...
Eye tracking has been served as one of the most objective and valuable tools towards the examination of both map perceptual and cognitive processes. The aim of the present article is to concisely present the contribution of eye tracking research in c...
We present the results of a study evaluating the suitability of an inexpensive eye-tracking device for the enhancement of user experience evaluations. Ensuring a comfortable user experience is an important part of the mobile application design proces...
The costs of eye-tracking technologies steadily decrease. This allows research institutions to obtain multiple eye-tracking devices. Already, several multiple eye-tracker laboratories have been established. Researchers begin to recognize the subfield...
This study investigated the integration of eye tracking technologies in recommender systems, focusing on their potential to enhance personalization, accuracy, and user engagement. Eye tracking metrics, including fixation duration and gaze patterns, p...
Past research has discovered fractal structure in eye movement variability and interpreted this result as having theoretical ramifications. No research has, however, investigated how properties of the eye-tracking instrument might affect the structur...
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Eye-tracking in linguistics has focused mainly on reading at the level of the word or sentence. In this paper we discuss how the phenomenon of formulaic language might best be examined using this methodology. Formulaic language is fundamentally multi...
Visual quality and impact assessments have historically relied on experts to formally evaluate the visual properties of a landscape. In contrast, environmental psychologists have studied subjective landscape preferences using ratings and surveys. The...
Eye tracking is increasingly being used in Educational Science and so has the interest of the eye tracking community grown in this topic. In this paper we briefly introduce the discipline of Educational Science and why it might be interesting to coup...
Even with state-of-the-art techniques there are individuals whose paralysis prevents them from communicating with others. Brain–Computer-Interfaces (BCI) aim to utilize brain waves to construct a voice for those whose needs remain unmet. In thi...
This paper improves the understanding of the use of eye-tracking tools in the pilot selection process. Research of eye movement and attention distribution of candidate pilots may provide the capability for visual behavior prediction in more demandin...
Eye tracking technology has become increasingly important for psychological analysis, medical diagnosis, driver assistance systems, and many other applications. Various gaze-tracking models have been established by previous researchers. However, ther...
Eye-tracking technology has gained traction in the field of medical rehabilitation due to its non-invasive and intuitive nature. However, current eye-tracking methods based on object detection technology suffer from insufficient accuracy in detecting...
The purpose of this study is to experiment an assessment method using eye tracking technology in simulator based electronic navigation training of ship officers who play a critical role in maritime accidents. The maritime industry focuses on human fa...
Eye-tracking systems have emerged as valuable tools in various research fields, including psychology, medicine, marketing, car safety, and advertising. However, the high costs of the necessary specialized hardware prevent the widespread adoption of t...
Natural outdoor conditions pose unique obstacles for researchers, above and beyond those inherent to all mobile eye-tracking research. During analyses of a large set of eye-tracking data collected on geologists examining outdoor scenes, we have found...
The purpose of this study is to experiment eye tracking in situational awareness assessment in Bridge Resource Management training of ship officers who play a critical role in maritime accidents. The maritime industry focuses on human factor developi...
This paper presents a comprehensive examination of eye-tracking technologies aimed at enhancing multimodal interactions within aviation environments. By reviewing and comparing various eye-tracking approaches, we provide valuable insights into their...
Abnormal saccadic eye movements, such as longer anti-saccade latency and lower pro-saccade accuracy, are common in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of computerized...
When the magnitude of a gaze is too large, human beings change the orientation of their head or body to assist their eyes in tracking targets because saccade alone is insufficient to keep a target at the center region of the retina. To make a robot g...
There is a growing interest in eye tracking technologies applied to support traditional visualization techniques like diagrams, charts, maps, or plots, either static, animated, or interactive ones. More complex data analyses are required...
Eye-tracking has become increasingly popular in second language (L2) research. In this study, we systematically reviewed 111 eye-tracking studies published in 17 L2 journals to explore the application and replicability of eye-tracking technology in L...
This paper describes a study of the evaluation of cartographic quality of urban plans in the Czech Republic using eye-tracking. Although map visualization is a crucial part of the urban planning process, only a few studies have focused on the evaluat...
Assessing text readability is important for helping language learners and readers select texts that match their proficiency levels. Research in cognitive psychology, which uses behavioral data such as eye-tracking and electroencephalogram signals, ha...
This study investigates the influence of the eye-camera location associated with the accuracy and precision of interpolation-based eye-tracking methods. Several factors can negatively influence gaze estimation methods when building a commercial or of...
In recent decades, sustainable products have been increasingly investigated using eye-tracking. Eye-tracking is applied to the record eye movements and visual attention of consumers as they search for food, and from this, conclusions can be drawn abo...
Visual perception is a complex psychological operation that is used to understand our environment. Its measurement gradually penetrates various areas of human life as well as the educational process. The presented study has a theoretical–analyt...
A growing number of virtual reality devices now include eye tracking technology, which can facilitate oculomotor and cognitive research in VR and enable use cases like foveated rendering. These applications require different tracking performance, oft...
Using physiological data helps to identify the cognitive processing in the human brain. One method of obtaining these behavioral signals is by using eye-tracking technology. Previous cognitive psychology literature shows that readable and difficult-t...
There is no visual art without the eye, just like no music without the ear. Visual art does not happen in the eye, but it has to go through the eye. Even for artworks with little visual focus, as in Conceptual Art, we need eyes to create and receive...
The main purpose of this study is to compare the silent and loud reading ability of typical and dyslexic readers, using eye-tracking technology to monitor the reading process. The participants (156 students of normal intelligence) were first divided...
This study investigates the impact of intelligible background speech on reading disruption utilising neuromarketing methodologies, specifically an eye-tracking webcam (Tobii Sticky) and AI eye-tracking software (Predict, v.1.0.). A cohort of 144 part...
Eye tracking in virtual reality (VR) head-mounted displays poses substantial engineering challenges, particularly under immersive display configurations with large fields of view (FOV), where optical layout, illumination, and image acquisition impose...
The fast and tremendous evolution of the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) imagery gives place to the multiplication of applications in various fields such as military and civilian surveillance, delivery services, and wildlife monitoring. Combining UAV i...
Reading is a complex skill that requires accurate word recognition, fluent decoding, and effective comprehension. Children with dyslexia often face challenges in these areas, resulting in ongoing reading difficulties. This study systematically review...
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