Processes, Volume 14, Issue 19

Developing low-carbon alternatives to traditional cement is essential for achieving global carbon neutrality. While basalt is a promising aluminosilicate-rich precursor for geopolymers, the wide variation in its natural crystallinity confounds the fu...

Bedding planes widely exist in stratified reservoirs and strongly restrict the vertical cross-layer growth of hydraulic fractures. Traditional displacement discontinuity method (DDM) tends to produce spurious negative apertures for compressed weak be...

Surface constraints in mature shale developments limit where new laterals and wellheads can be placed. U-shaped wells place two parallel laterals within one surface section through a 180° turn, avoiding a second vertical section and wellhead. We...

Field temperature and elevation records from a G219 crushed-rock ventilated embankment show transverse differences, but the available spring observations do not cover a complete thaw-peak-to-recovery sequence. We used these records to constrain the s...

This paper investigates the uncertain multi-product batch scheduling problem (UMBSP) with two conflicting objectives: fuzzy minimum makespan and maximum mean customer satisfaction level. A customer satisfaction criterion associated with flexible due...

Tectonic deformation can reorganize adsorption-related pores, matrix pore space, and pore-throat-fracture networks, but how these functional domains jointly govern fluid mobility and permeability stability under stress remains unclear where deformati...

A flexible low-frequency AC transmission system (LFTS) can extend the AC export range of offshore wind farms, but interactions among converter control loops may restrict its stable operating region. This paper develops a unified small-signal model co...

Amine-functionalized solid sorbents are a leading low-temperature route for direct air capture (DAC). Material-level studies have established their ability to capture CO₂ at atmospheric partial pressures. However, once these sorbents are incorporated...

Ontology-based risk assessment usually infers what a query needs before the query is posed. For a material the knowledge graph does not contain, or when a query changes how similarity is measured, part of that information depends on the query itself....

Since its inception in 1982, grey relational analysis (GRA) has evolved from early point relational coefficient models and generalized grey relational analysis models to contemporary complex models integrating multiple methods and robustness assessme...

Well-log measurements provide essential information for lithological identification, petrophysical characterization, and reservoir interpretation but incomplete log intervals may occur because of technical, operational, or economic constraints. This...

To advance the modernization of power systems, the role of hydropower has transitioned from mere energy generation to serving as both a primary energy provider and a critical flexibility resource. However, conventional day-ahead scheduling methodolog...

Wastewater treatment remains a pressing global challenge due to the continuous discharge of recalcitrant pollutants from anthropogenic activities. Among these, synthetic dyes are particularly problematic due to their persistence and toxicity, requiri...

This study characterises and forecasts monthly water cut in the mature Gorisht-Kocul heavy oil field of southern Albania across 204 monthly observations spanning 2000 to 2016. The record is held in two parallel sets of archival year tables, and a phy...

Iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles (IOMNPs) hold significant promise for magnetic hyperthermia (MH), a therapeutic modality for cancer treatment, yet their clinical efficacy is often limited by suboptimal heating performance. We present a simplified a...

As the core rotating components of the air supply system, the compressor and its blades are prone to crack initiation under long-term cyclic loading and high-temperature erosion. Failure to detect cracks in a timely manner may lead to blade fracture,...

This study presents a structured evaluation of key factors influencing the design of shallow geothermal (SG) hybrid heating and cooling systems in the Danube Region. As part of the Danube GeoHeCo project, a criteria catalogue was developed using the...

Modern power electronic converters increasingly require control strategies capable not only of voltage regulation but also of energetic stress management under switched operation. In order to address these requirements, the energetic implications ass...

This study develops a formation-tracking control scheme for a group of unmanned surface vehicles (USVs) operating in the presence of time-varying environmental disturbances and actuator saturation. The control task requires the follower vessels to tr...

Distributed hydrokinetic systems produce sequential operational telemetry that can support predictive condition monitoring and power-control optimization. This study combines short-horizon prediction of exact-zero-power onset with field-informed eval...

The key to exploiting coalbed methane in soft and low-permeability coal seams by deploying horizontal wells in roof strata lies in whether hydraulic fractures can propagate into the coal seam after initiating from the roof. True triaxial physical sim...

The increasing demand for sustainable energy resources and the need to reduce the environmental impact associated with fossil fuel utilization have intensified research into alternative fuels for energy conversion and transportation applications [...]

Cadmium (Cd²⁺) is a potentially toxic element that is a health and environmental risk agent, especially when found in water bodies. The objective of this study was to evaluate the removal efficiency of untreated rice husk as a biosorbent and the yeas...

With the advancement of oil and gas exploration into ultra-deep drilling and increasingly complex downhole environments, the demand for higher downhole data transmission rates has steadily increased. Continuous wave mud pulse telemetry has emerged as...

The processing of lead cakes containing osmium and rhenium is complicated by the significant variability in their elemental and phase compositions. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of lead cake composition on acid consumption and th...

Reliable fault diagnosis of rolling bearings is essential for ensuring the safe and stable operation of rotating machinery. However, existing diagnostic models are often hindered by the strong non-stationarity and weak fault characteristics of vibrat...

Heat recovery steam generator (HRSG) water–steam chemical dosing involves transport delays, multivariable coupling, measurable disturbances, measurement uncertainty, and operating constraints. This study develops an engineering-inspired constra...

Unstable water injection is widely used in low-permeability shale oil reservoirs, but its performance under the combined effects of stress sensitivity and threshold pressure gradient remains uncertain. This study aims to determine how these two mecha...

Sucker rods operate under long-term cyclic loading while being exposed to produced fluids, making corrosion–fatigue damage an important integrity concern in rod-pumped wells. This study applied a field-scale multi-source evidence framework to p...

This paper presents a grid-voltage-sensorless control scheme for a grid-connected modular multilevel converter based on an adaptive-linear-neuron quadrature signal generator for virtual-flux estimation (VF-ADALINE-QSG). The proposed estimator identif...

The Lower Paleozoic carbonate reservoirs in the Yan’an Gas Field are characterized by low porosity, low permeability, and strong heterogeneity, which make effective stimulation difficult. Although supercritical CO₂ (SC-CO₂) acidizing has shown...

Traditional fermented foods and culinary plants constitute complementary microbial and chemical biodiversity resources for food-process innovation. This narrative review critically synthesizes evidence from Bulgarian and French food systems as comple...

This study presents a comparative investigation of the effects of ultrasonic nanocrystalline surface modification (UNSM), ion-plasma nitriding (IPN), and their sequential combination on the mechanical and tribological properties of 12X18H10T austenit...

Integrated biomass valorization platforms can improve resource efficiency, but coupling solvent extraction with thermochemical conversion changes the inherent hazard profile of the overall system. This study assesses an integrated avocado oil–b...

Thermal barrier coatings protect metallic components operating under severe high-temperature conditions, but conventional yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) coatings face limitations at elevated temperatures. Gadolinium zirconate (Gd₂Zr₂O₇, GZO) is a p...

As the power ratings of electric vehicle (EV) charging piles continue to increase, direct grid-powered charging imposes significant load impacts on the power grid. Issues including line overload, voltage fluctuation, and frequency deviation induced b...

This paper addresses coordinate calibration of temperature-field measurement points in industrial Isasmelt (ISA) furnaces when measurement information is limited and the actual measurement locations are uncertain. A three-dimensional furnace-wall tem...

Material extrusion (MEX) builds parts from discrete polymer beads, so the cross-section that carries a tensile load is the union of the deposited beads rather than the rectangle measured with a caliper, and it varies with the infill pattern and along...

Natural gas distributed energy systems can have energy-saving and emission reduction applications when using a stepped supply of combined cooling, heating and power. However, as a new form of clean energy supply, the reasonable benefits of the proces...

Limited by their intrinsic structures, traditional microchannel heat sinks easily cause flow maldistribution among microchannels. To achieve uniform flow distribution and improve thermo-hydraulic performance, a Y-shaped bifurcation (YSB) structure is...

Surface slag inclusions on aluminum ingots in high-temperature casting lines often appear in dense clusters. Under poor imaging conditions and with ambiguous defect boundaries, annotators frequently disagree on the location, number, and scale of defe...

Coal reservoirs exhibit strong heterogeneity and complex in situ stress conditions, and the initiation and propagation of hydraulic fractures are jointly controlled by reservoir geology and perforation design. A damage–seepage coupled numerical...

Green hydrogen–ammonia production offers a promising pathway for large-scale renewable energy utilization and the decarbonization of energy-intensive industries. The geographical mismatch between renewable resources and suitable industrial loca...

Residential photovoltaic–battery energy storage systems (PV-BESSs) and electric vehicles (EVs) expose households to a persistent conflict between electricity cost minimization and multi-dimensional comfort. This paper proposes a day-ahead joint...

Ensuring the extended shelf life of fruit- and vegetable-based products while preserving their functional and sensory value remains one of the key challenges in modern food technology. Conventional thermal processing effectively ensures microbiologic...

Medium-to-low-maturity shale underwent limited thermal evolution and retained considerable unconverted organic matter, thereby exhibiting substantial potential for hydrocarbon generation and oxidative exothermic release. In this study, the organic ge...

Natural fractures play a key role in controlling fluid flow and heat extraction in carbonate geothermal reservoirs. Due to the high degree of rock fragmentation and strong seismic wave absorption at the top of the carbonate formation, it is difficult...

Objective: This study addresses multiclass industrial fault classification when human labels are simultaneously scarce and class-imbalanced. The proposed hierarchical balanced pseudo-label random forest (HBPL-RF) is novel in coordinating class-adapti...

To reduce the operational cost and risk of conventional downhole testing, this study presents an integrated well-test interpretation workflow that uses wellhead shut-in pressure data to characterize formation flow conditions in real time. Fluid mass-...

Reliable personnel detection in underground mines is essential for safe intelligent mining, but uneven illumination, dust occlusion, thermal interference, and cross-modal parallax can degrade RGB-T perception. We propose an Environment-Driven Fusion...