Applied Sciences, Volume 10, Issue 6

In this work, we report on an investigation of the ytterbium diffusion characteristics in lithium niobate. Ytterbium-doped substrates were prepared by in-diffusion of thin metallic layers coated onto x- and z-cut congruent substrates at different tem...

A prospective feasibility study was conducted to determine whether a new wearable device, the Visual Behavior Monitor (VBM), was easy to use and did not present any difficulties with the daily activities of patients. Patients for cataract surgery and...

Recently, we often see the environment where many one-to-one Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs) exist in a small area. In this environment, the network throughput of certain WLAN reduces significantly because of the interference from other networks...

Urban climate results from the modifications caused by the characteristics of cities, which modifies the regional climatic conditions of a city. When urban areas are warmer than the surrounding areas, the urban heat island (UHI) phenomenon occurs. Be...

Soft sensors are attracting significant attention in human–machine interaction due to their high flexibility and adaptability. However, estimating motion state from these sensors is difficult due to their nonlinearity and noise. In this paper,...

Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) has been utilized already around three decades for monitoring the brain, in particular, oxygenation changes in the cerebral cortex. In addition, other optical techniques are currently developed for in viv...

A parallel compact Differential Evolution (pcDE) algorithm is proposed in this paper. The population is separated into multiple groups and the individual is run by using the method of compact Differential Evolution. The communication is implemented a...

Collaborative work in Building Information Modeling (BIM) projects is frequently understood as the interaction of modelers in an asynchronous way through modification requests or via e-mail/telephone. However, alternative work methodologies based on...

Traditional Person Re-identification (ReID) methods mainly focus on cross-camera scenarios, while identifying a person in the same video/camera from adjacent subsequent frames is also an important question, for example, in human tracking and pose tra...

Thermal mortars incorporating insulating aggregates are a possible solution to ensure good thermal performance and thermal comfort in buildings due to their low thermal conductivity coefficient. Under some circumstances, namely for particular in-serv...

This paper presents an application of topology optimization and response surface method to optimize the geometry of a bicycle crank arm and the experimental validation of it. This is purposely to reduce the crank arm mass and create a preliminary des...

Microseismic signal denoising is of great significance for P wave, S wave first arrival picking, source localization, and focal mechanism inversion. Therefore, an Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD), Compressed Sensing (CS), and Soft-thresholding (ST)...

Motorized spindles widely used for high-speed precision machine tools are very sensitive to the mass unbalance of rotors; thus, their balancing problem is always a research hotspot. Although many significant studies were done regarding the theory and...

A one-pot, single-step, and an atom-economical process towards the synthesis of highly functionalized spirooxindoles analogues was efficiently conducted to produce a satisfactory chemical yields (70–93%) with excellent relative diastereo-, and...

A group of stock markets can be treated as a complex system. We tried to find the financial market crisis by constructing a global 24 stock market network while using detrended cross-correlation analysis. The community structures by the Girvan-Newman...

The performance of Underwater Acoustic Communication (UAC) systems are strongly related to the specific propagation conditions of the underwater channel. Horizontal, shallow-water channels are characterised by extremely disadvantageous transmission p...

The aim of this article is to investigate the interfacial adhesion of Ni-Ti shape memory alloy with a polymer matrix of Poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA). The surface pattern on Ni-Ti plates was channeled by a solid state laser machine. The laser mac...

Automation and intelligent coal mining comprise the most important fields in coal mining technology research. The key to automation and intelligent coal mining is the automated mining of the working face, and accurate positioning of the shearer is on...

Rock fractures in geological conditions are caused not only by applied stress, but also by stress corrosion. Stress corrosion is an environmentally activated chemical process, associated with the fluid-assisted crack growth. Crack growth due to stres...

Point-of-care magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) requires clear images within a short scanning time, a small footprint of the scanner, and relatively low memory required for image reconstruction. A permanent magnet array (PMA)-based MRI system is a goo...

The current perspective about urban development expects 70% of energy consumption will be concentrated in the cities in 2050. In addition, a growing density of people in the urban context leads to the need for increased security and safety for citize...

Stress corrosion cracking (SCC) is known as a major factor that should be considered in the assessment of welding joint structure integrity. Despite the promising and wide application of dissimilar metal joints, the currently available SCC mitigation...

To investigate the spray atomization characteristics of aerial nozzles adapted to manned agricultural helicopters under medium-low airflow velocity (0 to 27.8 m/s) conditions, the droplet size test was carried out in both wind tunnel and field tests....

This study proposed the concept of sparse and low-rank matrix decomposition to address the need for aviator’s night vision goggles (NVG) automated inspection processes when inspecting equipment availability. First, the automation requirements i...

Due to the convergence of advanced technologies such as the Internet of Things, Artificial Intelligence, and Big Data, a healthcare platform accumulates data in a huge quantity from several heterogeneous sources. The adequate usage of this data may i...

This paper presents the first graphene radiofrequency (RF) monolithic integrated balun circuit. It is composed of four integrated graphene field effect transistors (GFETs). This innovative active balun concept takes advantage of the GFET ambipolar be...

In order to study the effects of the microstructure parameters of cement modified subgrade silty soil (CMSS) in a frozen area under freeze-thaw (F-T) cycles on the macroscopic mechanical properties, the static triaxial test, scanning electron microsc...

The optical photoluminescent (PL) emission of Yb³⁺ ions in the near infrared (NIR) spectral region at about 950–1100 nm has many potential applications, from photovoltaics to lasers and visual devices. However, due to their simple energy-level...

This basic research study was undertaken to use ecofriendly nanobubbles that can improve the electrokinetic remediation of copper-contaminated soil, as well as to determine that remediation efficiency. The nanobubbles were generated by using pressuri...

Security of image communication is more and more important in many applications such as the transmission of military and medical images. To meet the requirement, a new color image encryption algorithm using a new one-dimension (1D) chaotic map was pr...

Image quality assessment (IQA) is an important element of a broad spectrum of applications ranging from automatic video streaming to display technology. Furthermore, the measurement of image quality requires a balanced investigation of image content...

In recent years, fingerprint recognition has become more and more widely used in mobile phones. A fingerprint recognition device hidden under an opaque display panel designed based on a waveguide and frustrated total internal reflection (FTIR) is pro...

A current-assisted single-photon avalanche diode (CASPAD) is presented with a large and deep absorption volume combined with a small p-n junction in its middle to perform avalanche trigger detection. The absorption volume has a drift field that serve...

Microalgal biomass has gained increasing attention in the last decade for various biotechnological applications, including human nutrition. Certified organic products are currently a growing niche market in which the food industry has shown great int...

Hangers are important tensile members in half-through arch bridges and through arch bridges (HTABs and TABs). The floating deck structures of HTABs and TABs will commonly produce longitudinal deformation and rotate under the effect of temperature and...

Large-scale instability of a landslide body, sliding down a bank slope and entering water at a high speed, arouses landslide surges. Taking the water entry point as a source point, they spread rapidly to surrounding areas, increasing the danger risk...

Brackish water desalination is widely used to supply fresh water; reverse osmosis (RO) desalination units are considered as the most widespread technology used for this purpose due to the advantage of low power consumption. On the other hand, renewab...

Partial Discharge (PD) measurements of large generators are extremely affected and hampered by noise, making the denoising of PD signal an inevitable issue. Wavelet shrinkage is the most commonly employed method for PD signal denoising. The appropria...

The Near-Earth Asteroid 162173 Ryugu is a C-type asteroid which preserves information about the ancient Solar System and is considered enriched in volatiles such as water and organics associated with the building blocks of life, and it is a potential...

Recently, itaconic acid has drawn considerable attention as a novel radical-curing building block for polyester resins. These bio-based materials have been used in thermal, as well as ultra violet (UV) curing applications, such as printing inks or co...

License plate recognition system (LPR) plays a vital role in intelligent transport systems to build up smart environments. Numerous country specific methods have been proposed successfully for an LPR system, but there is a need to find a generalized...

This study presents a dc/dc converter featuring soft-switching characteristic, high conversion efficiency, and high step-up ratio. The proposed circuit is composed of two parallel-connected boost converters. Only one coupled inductor is used to repla...

Printed circuit heat exchangers (PCHEs), which are used for thermal heat storage and power generation, are often subject to severe pressure and temperature differences between primary and secondary channels, which causes mechanical integrity problems...

Cell-encapsulated bioscaffold is a promising and novel method to allow fabrication of live functional organs for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. However, traditional fabrication methods of 3D scaffolds and cell-laden hydrogels still fac...

Precision and ultra-precision machining technology rely mainly on the machine tools’ accuracy. To improve it, the measurement, calculation, prediction and control of geometric errors are critical. The traditional measurement methods have lower...

With the development of cloud computing technology, the microservice architecture (MSA) has become a prevailing application architecture in cloud-native applications. Many user-oriented services are supported by many microservices, and the dependenci...

In recent years, considerable advances were made in wind power generation. The growing penetration of wind power makes it necessary for wind turbines to maintain continuous operation during voltage dips, which is stated as the low-voltage ride-throug...

The control of tuberculosis (TB) is hampered by the emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) strains, defined as resistant to at least isoniazid and rifampin, the two bactericidal drugs essential for the treatment of th...

Natural language processing (NLP) is an effective tool for generating structured information from unstructured data, the one that is commonly found in clinical trial texts. Such interdisciplinary research has gradually grown into a flourishing resear...

In upcoming smart urban environments, various things can be interconnected, and the Internet of Things (IoT) can be used to construct a safer and more convenient urban environment. Things in the IoT need an addressing system that can uniquely identif...