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Microorganisms, Volume 14, Issue 1

2026 January - 261 articles

Cover Story: Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) are best known for shaping the infant gut microbiome but may also act in a region-specific manner along the gastrointestinal tract. This review follows HMOs from the oral cavity—where they can hinder pathogen adhesion and biofilm formation—to the stomach, where fucosylated and sialylated HMOs may serve as soluble decoy receptors against Helicobacter pylori. In the small intestine, HMOs support epithelial integrity and immune balance. Reaching the colon largely intact, they selectively nourish beneficial microbes, increase short-chain fatty acid production through cross-feeding, and reinforce barrier function. These multi-site mechanisms position HMOs as promising functional glycans for gut health beyond infancy, including in adults, while highlighting the need for well-designed clinical trials. View this paper
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Articles (261)

  • Review
  • Open Access
134 Views
33 Pages

Colletotrichum Species Associated with Alfalfa Anthracnose: An Overview and Historical Perspective

  • Vojislav Trkulja,
  • Tanja Vasić,
  • Ranka Milašin,
  • Nenad Trkulja,
  • Slavica Matić,
  • Milan Stević,
  • Sanja Živković and
  • Tatjana Popović Milovanović

Alfalfa anthracnose is an economically significant disease that leads to substantial biomass losses due to stem rot, reduced stand longevity, and a decline in forage nutritional quality. The disease is caused by multiple species within the genus Coll...

  • Article
  • Open Access
127 Views
17 Pages

Flavonoid-Rich Cyperus esculentus Extracts Disrupt Cellular and Metabolic Functions in Staphylococcus aureus

  • Yaning Zhang,
  • Zhengdong Ma,
  • Xuzhe Wang,
  • Qilong Jiang,
  • Xue Kang and
  • Hongmei Gao

The escalating threat of antibiotic resistance, particularly from Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), has become a critical challenge in both public health and animal husbandry. The extensive use of conventional antibiotics in livestock production acc...

  • Article
  • Open Access
127 Views
18 Pages

Diversity Analysis of Fecal Microbiota in Goats Driven by White Blood Cell Count

  • Meng Zeng,
  • Hanlin Zhou,
  • Qun Wu,
  • Ke Wang,
  • Hu Liu,
  • Yuanting Yang,
  • Weishi Peng,
  • Anmiao Chen,
  • Xiaoyan Deng and
  • Jiancheng Han
  • + 2 authors

The Leizhou goat is a vital indigenous breed, yet its disease resilience can complicate early health monitoring. The white blood cell (WBC) count is a key indicator of immune status, but its relationship with the gut microbiota remains uncharacterize...

  • Article
  • Open Access
108 Views
13 Pages

This study aimed to investigate the structural differences and functional potential of the gut microbiota between Sichuan-Tibetan black pigs (n = 5) and Landrace pigs (n = 5) under identical rearing conditions. Fecal samples were collected and subjec...

  • Article
  • Open Access
99 Views
13 Pages

Genetic Diversity and Emerging Trends of Mycoplasma synoviae in China: Insights from a 2024 Nationwide MLST Study

  • Lu Tu,
  • Xuesong Li,
  • Yiming Liu,
  • Xin Jin,
  • Lijuan Yin,
  • Xiaoling Wang,
  • Qingfeng Zhou,
  • Kai Wang and
  • Youzhi Tang

Mycoplasma synoviae (MS) is a major pathogen threatening China’s poultry industry, causing severe economic losses, and clarifying its epidemiology is pivotal for disease control and flock purification. In this study, a total of 3215 chicken sam...

  • Article
  • Open Access
84 Views
14 Pages

First Isolation of Klebsiella pneumoniae from Septicaemic Piglets in Poland

  • Piotr Cybulski,
  • Ines Spiekermeier,
  • Radosław Kondratiuk,
  • Artur Jabłoński,
  • Patryk Tarka and
  • Grzegorz Woźniakowski

Klebsiella pneumoniae is commonly known to cause a vast range of community-acquired or nosocomial infections. The isolation of K. pneumoniae has also been noted in diseased food-producing animals, including swine. The main goals of this study were to...

  • Article
  • Open Access
108 Views
17 Pages

The Tumor Cell Proliferation Inhibitory Activity of the Human Herpes Virus Type 6 U94 Protein Relies on a Stable Tridimensional Conformation

  • Anna Bertelli,
  • Matteo Uggeri,
  • Federica Filippini,
  • Melissa Duheric,
  • Francesca Caccuri and
  • Arnaldo Caruso

The U94 protein of Human Herpesvirus 6 exerts antiproliferative effects through downregulation of the Src proto-oncogene. We aimed to define the shortest U94 fragment that preserves antiproliferative activity and to explore its structural properties....

  • Article
  • Open Access
126 Views
11 Pages

Clinical data on antimicrobial profiles are useful for dairy udder health treatment programmes and represents a component of antimicrobial stewardship. The study aimed to determine the bacterial aetiology of clinical mastitis in dairy herds in Wester...

  • Article
  • Open Access
133 Views
16 Pages

Bovine Parainfluenza Virus Type 3 (BPIV3) is a critical pathogen in the Bovine Respiratory Disease Complex (BRDC), leading to significant economic losses in the cattle industry. However, the metabolic reprogramming induced by BPIV3 in cattle remains...

  • Review
  • Open Access
276 Views
17 Pages

Astaxanthin, derived from Haematococcus pluvialis, is a potent antioxidant with significant therapeutic potential. However, its large-scale commercialization is hindered by the “thick-wall challenge”, a phenomenon where the stress conditi...

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Microorganisms - ISSN 2076-2607