Atmosphere, Volume 17, Issue 1

NavIC and GPS are satellite-based navigation systems developed by India and the United States, respectively, and are widely used for ionospheric and space weather studies. This paper presents a comparative analysis of NavIC- and GPS-derived total ele...

Rapid urbanization and anthropogenic activities have led to a significant deterioration of air quality, adversely affecting human health and ecosystems. The study of transboundary river basins, where air pollution is exacerbated by political and soci...

Brake dust (BD) generated by vehicle braking systems, including those of cars and trains, contains various Potentially Toxic Elements (PTEs) that may pose risks to human health and the environment, particularly in soils where it accumulates. This stu...

This study presents a four-year (2021–2024) radar-based analysis of warm cloud (non-glaciated) dynamics across northern Thailand, specifically characterizing their properties, kinematics, and occurrence. Utilizing high-resolution S-band dual-po...

PM_2.5 pollution has become one of the major environmental issues in Shandong Province in recent years. High concentrations of PM_2.5 not only reduce atmospheric visibility but also induce respiratory and cardiovascular diseases, and significantly incr...

To date, dust storms and haze episodes have rarely been compared with pollution characteristics of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) and particulate matter, as well as human health risks due to a lack of efficient data. In...

Through a comprehensive analysis of urban vegetation summer seasonal and interannual patterns in the Bucharest metropolis in Romania, this study explored the response of urban vegetation to heat waves’ (HWs) impact in relation to multi-climatic...

This study investigates the performance of a high-resolution Weather Research and Forecasting with large-eddy simulation (WRF-LES) model in simulating the strong wind of a realistic typhoon (Jebi, 2018). Multiple domains are nested to downscale the g...

Climate fluctuations are expected to drive a decline in the growth of many conifer and broadleaf species, especially in the Mediterranean region, where these species grow at or very near the southern limits of their distribution. Such trends have imp...

Meteorological measurements from Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UASs) increase the volume of observations available for validating and improving high-spatiotemporal-resolution models. Accurate model forecasts for UAS operations are essential to the succe...

This study investigates indoor CO₂ levels in Croatian schools to identify environmental and temporal factors influencing classroom air quality. Using data from hundreds of low-cost sensors installed in 243 schools, we analyze seasonal patterns and di...

Bhikhari Tharu was not included as an author in the original publication [...]

In situ measurements of ambient dose equivalent rates were conducted across the territory of Macedonia at five-year intervals in 2010, 2015, and 2020. Data were collected from 68 uniformly distributed locations in 2010 and from 72 locations in both 2...

Most studies have focused on extending the applicability of the Ångström–Prescott equation and improving its accuracy in estimating solar irradiation. Only a limited number of studies have addressed atmospheric climatology using the...

With the rapid advancement of clean energy, wind farm planning and construction are expanding worldwide, increasing the demand for accurate resource assessments. This study investigates the influence of vertical wind characteristics on wind farm siti...

In the Atlantic Ocean, the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) sustains the climate of northeastern Brazil and northwestern Africa by modulating their rainy and dry seasons. Using observational data, radiosondes and Expendable Bathythermographs (XB...

Twenty years of MODIS satellite data (2002–2022), TROPOMI glyoxal observations (2018–2022), and ground-based isoprene measurements were used to examine vegetation greenness (NDVI) and atmospheric glyoxal over Houston, Texas. Biogenically...

The advance and delay of the rainy season is among the most frequently cited effects of climate change in the central Ecuadorian Andes. However, its assessment is not feasible using the indicators recommended by the standardized indices of the Expert...

Following the implementation of the Shanghai Clean Air Act, this study investigates the evolution of air pollution in central Shanghai (Putuo District) by analyzing continuous monitoring data (2016–2020) and chemical speciation of particulate m...

Agricultural activities are major contributors to global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, with methane (CH₄) and nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions accounting for 40% and 60% of total agricultural emissions, respectively. Therefore, developing effective em...

Accurate lightning data are critical for disaster warning and climate research. This study systematically compares the Fengyun-4A Lightning Mapping Imager (FY-4A LMI) satellite and the Advanced Time-of-arrival and Direction (ADTD) lightning location...

This study investigates the influence of solar flare events on the time–frequency characteristics of very low frequency (VLF) signals based on observations from the China Seismo–Electromagnetic Satellite (CSES) satellite. By analyzing the...

Accurate precipitation estimation is essential for hydrological modeling and water resource management in arid regions; however, complex terrain and sparse meteorological station networks introduce substantial uncertainties into gridded precipitation...

Recovery of the stratospheric ozone layer following the ban on ozone-depleting substances represents one of the most successful examples of international environmental policy. However, the long-term fate of ozone under continuing climate change remai...

Precipitation in high mountain areas is of critical importance as these regions are major sources of freshwater, supporting river basins, ecosystems, and downstream communities. Changes in precipitation regimes in these regions can have cascading imp...

This study aims to investigate the effects of Chan-Hom (2015) typhoon-induced variations in enthalpy flux (EF) and moisture flux (MF) on intensity variations and rainfall. Chan-Hom (2015) made landfall at Zhoushan, then changed its direction and move...

The Indian monsoon is an important component of the tropical climate system. Studies suggest that both precipitation from the NNU-2K AF experiments and Little Ice Age (LIA) proxy data reveal a significant 56-year period in the Indian summer monsoon (...

The COVID-19 pandemic led to an unprecedented slowdown in global economic and transportation activities, offering a unique opportunity to assess the relationship between human activity and atmospheric pollution. This study analyzes global variations...

Accurate inversion of ionograms of the ionosonde is of great significance for studying ionospheric structure and radio wave propagation. Traditional inversion methods usually describe the electron density profile based on preset polynomial functions,...

To investigate the seasonal characteristics, sources, and regional transport patterns of precipitation components in the high-elevation mountainous regions, field sampling was conducted at Mt. Heng (Hunan, South China) from June 2021 to May 2022. In...

This study evaluates the performance of two real-time fluorescence-based bioaerosol sensors, the WIBS-NEO and IBAC-2, operating in urban Dublin, Ireland, and assesses the influence of different meteorological and pollution parameters on their outputs...

East Africa’s March–April–May (MAM) rainfall exhibits pronounced variability that strongly influences agriculture, water security, and livelihoods. This study analyzes consecutive wet day (CWD) events using CHIRPS precipitation, Gri...

Indoor air quality (IAQ) is a critical determinant of respiratory health and plays an essential role in asthma management. Exposure to indoor pollutants such as particulate matter (PM_2.5), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and biological allergens c...

Sunshine duration (SD) is an essential meteorological variable. It represents the sum of time for which direct solar radiation with an intensity above 120 W∙m⁻² reaches the Earth’s surface. In the contemporary observational routine,...

The Weather Research and Forecasting Model (WRF-ARW) version 4.5 was used to simulate the synoptic to mesoscale evolving atmosphere of Tropical Cyclone (TC) Hilary’s (2023) remnant passage over the southwestern United States. The atmospheric dy...

Long-term wind speed changes over the Yangtze River waterway have critical implications for inland shipping efficiency, emission dispersion, and renewable energy potential. This study utilizes a high-resolution 5 km gridded reanalysis dataset spannin...

Observed rainfall erosivity risk (ORE) index is defined as the erosivity risk in the event of extreme rainfall events. ORE measures the kinetic energy of raindrops generated during a period of maximum precipitation intensity with the formula $\mathrm{O}\mathrm{R}\mathrm{E}=\left(\mathrm{E}\mathrm{D}\&m\right)$...

The peak height of the ionospheric F2 layer (hmF2) is a critical parameter in ionospheric physics and high-frequency radio wave propagation research. This study presents a backpropagation neural network (BPNN) enhanced by wavelet transform (WT) decom...

This paper analyses trends and persistence in air pollution levels in 88 US metropolitan areas using fractional integration methods. The results indicate that the differencing parameter d is higher than 0 in 38 of the series, which supports the hypot...

The Phoenix Metropolitan Area (PMA) is situated in the Sonoran Desert of Central Arizona, USA. The PMA is a focus of ongoing climate change and urban heat island research. This paper addresses differences in the receipt of shortwave irradiance (globa...

A two-dimensional ultrasonic anemometer was installed at a height of 20 m on a wind measurement tower in Haiyan Town, Jiangmen, to monitor flow conditions in typhoon Mangkhut (1822) before and after landfall. Mean wind speed, wind direction, turbulen...

This study investigates the characteristics and causes of a low-level wind shear (LLWS) event induced by downward momentum transport at Xining Airport, China on 5 April 2023. By utilizing Doppler Wind Lidar (DWL), Automated Weather Observing System (...

Vehicle emissions are key precursors to near-ground ozone and secondary aerosol formation. While China’s clean air actions have significantly reduced particulate pollution, ozone levels continue to rise in some city clusters, calling for a deep...

Pan evaporation (PE) is widely used as an indicator of atmospheric evaporative demand and is relevant to irrigation demand and climate-related hydrological changes. Using daily records from 759 meteorological stations across China during 2002–2...

Accurate estimation of ship emissions is essential for the effective enforcement of emission control policies in inland waterways. However, existing “bottom-up” models face significant challenges owing to severe data scarcity for inland s...

Accurate estimation of hourly near-surface air temperature (NSAT) is critical for climate analysis, environmental monitoring, and urban thermal studies. However, existing temperature datasets remain constrained by coarse spatial resolution and limite...

High-resolution satellite precipitation products are key inputs for basin-scale rainfall estimation, but they still exhibit substantial biases in complex terrain and during heavy rainfall. Recent multi-source fusion studies have shown that simply sta...

Changes in atmospheric circulation can be influenced by the collapse characteristics of the polar vortex, a significant system in the Northern Hemisphere. This study reveals the spatiotemporal evolution and causative mechanisms of the collapse of the...

Permafrost is an important carbon pool for terrestrial ecosystems and a significant source of atmospheric greenhouse gases, but the effects of ground vegetation and snow cover on permafrost greenhouse gas fluxes are still unclear. The soil–atmo...

In order to analyze the effect of environmental factors on the release of negative air ions (NAI) by green tree species, this study conducted an open top chamber (OTC) control test in Beijing. The tree species selected were Acer truncatum, Sophora ja...