Atmosphere, Volume 17, Issue 3

Atmospheric refraction often influences the localization accuracy of ground-based radar for detecting space targets. Traditional methods generally utilize the measured troposphere and ionosphere data from the local station for atmospheric refraction...

Extreme precipitation events are projected to change under climate change in terms of frequency, intensity and duration, which would cause serious impacts on water resources, agriculture, urban systems and socioeconomic conditions in the future. Base...

To advance our understanding of atmospheric processes and climate dynamics, improved knowledge of outgoing long-wave radiation (OLR) spectral emission is essential. The FORUM mission, selected for the ninth cycle of the European Space Agency’s...

Hourly concentrations of PM_2.5-bound elements were continuously monitored in Windsor, Canada, from April 2021 to April 2023. Health risk assessment methods of the USEPA were utilized to quantify lifetime cumulative cancer risks (CRs) using six PM_2.5-...

In the context of global warming, compound dry-hot events (CDHEs) are intensifying in Guangdong, yet CMIP6 projections remain uncertain. This study employs CMIP6 data and the Standardized Compound Event Indicator (SCEI) to quantify CDHEs severity, ap...

This study analyzes heat waves (HWs), cold spells (CSs), and mean temperature trends in Türkiye’s three major metropolises (Istanbul, Ankara, and Izmir) using long-term station data. HW and CS events were defined via a percentile-based thr...

This study investigates the vertical variation and temporal characteristics and indicates the sources of black carbon (BC) and brown carbon (BrC) within particulate matter fraction PM₁ during light (November–December 2024) and heavy (January&nd...

The exceptionally strong geomagnetic storm of 10–11 May 2024 injected new energetic protons and electrons into the terrestrial radiation belts, creating extraordinary conditions to study the loss mechanisms scattering these particles into the a...

Mediterranean tropical-like cyclones (MTLCs), commonly referred to as Medicanes, are high-impact weather systems characterized by complex interactions between baroclinic forcing and tropical-like processes. Despite growing interest, their vertical st...

We assess associations between emergency room (ER) visits, scaled to per 10⁵ population per year, for asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), two of the most common respiratory diseases, and zip code-level exposure to criteria air po...

Grass and birch pollen are major allergens in the United Kingdom (UK), responsible for seasonal respiratory diseases between late March and July. East Anglia is an under-represented region in pollen allergy research, while patterns of continuous days...

With the acceleration of global climate change and urbanization, air pollution, particularly ozone pollution, has become a critical environmental issue, especially in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region of China. This study investigates the...

Decarbonizing energy production is critical to slowing the effects of climate change and furthering global sustainability. Progress is often gauged via carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions; however, sources of CO₂ vary beyond combustion, presenting a signi...

The synergy between accelerated global urbanization and anthropogenic climate change has transformed the Urban Heat Island (UHI) [...]

Variations in terrestrial carbon flux influence atmospheric CO₂ exchange and related climate feedback, with Net ecosystem productivity (NEP) serving as a key metric for assessing ecosystem carbon source–sink dynamics. Given the vital ecological...

Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and ozone (O₃) are the key factors restricting the continuous improvement of air quality in the Changsha–Zhuzhou–Xiangtan urban agglomeration (CZT). Due to the potential correlation between variations in ur...

The Earth system model ICON (ICOsahedral Nonhydrostatic general circulation) is a flexible framework that can be configured and tuned for various applications such as weather forecasting, simulations of aerosols and trace gases, and climate modelling...

Monitoring atmospheric turbulence data of the near-surface sublayer presents a difficult challenge on complex and heterogeneous terrain such as mixed land areas where weather facilities are not always available. This study uses tilt data derived from...

China’s stringent clean air policies have substantially reduced nitrogen oxides (NO_x) emissions, leading to a general decline in nitrogen dioxide (NO₂). However, surface ozone (O₃) pollution remains severe, creating a complex challenge due to t...

Prescribed fire is a vital tool for ecosystem management and wildfire risk reduction but its escalation is constrained by overly conservative burn windows because of uncertainties, for instance, in wind forecasts. This review describes the state of t...

This study evaluates the applicability of ERA5 wind speed (WS) and wind direction (WD) in the East China Sea, using high-resolution vertical wind profiles measured by a floating LiDAR at the Shanghai Nanhui Offshore Wind Farm from 15 January 2022 to...

Abnormal refraction phenomena such as atmospheric ducts due to temperature inversions or rapid decreases in humidity often happen in the lower troposphere over the sea and coastal area, which can make low-elevation signals in the duct layer propagate...

Olive cultivation is widespread throughout the Mediterranean basin, where the world’s main producing countries are located. Regions such as Extremadura are considered to be at high risk from the effects of climate change in the near future. In...

This study employed Moderate-Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) aerosol optical depth data meteorological data, Digital Elevation Model (DEM), Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), and ground monitoring data for particulate matter...

The Guangdong–Hong Kong–Macao (GHM) region (especially the Greater Bay Area), a low-lying economic hub in southern China, faces complex particulate matter (PM_2.5) pollution dynamics under the combined influence of monsoonal systems and gl...

Deep learning-based parameterizations of subgrid-scale processes have become a major research focus in recent years, offering the potential to remedy inaccuracies inherent in traditional physics-based schemes. However, their integral stability within...

The intensification of Global Warming and Urban Heat Island phenomena necessitates advanced, computationally effective tools for evaluating outdoor thermal comfort and microclimatic dynamics by means of Mean Radiant Temperature assessment. However, e...

Accurate prediction of extreme rainfall events during the Indian Summer Monsoon (ISM, June to September) is critical for disaster preparedness and mitigation. This study evaluates the performance of two operational numerical weather prediction models...

Because dust-emission processes driven by local, small-scale winds (e.g., terrain-induced winds) are difficult to accurately capture with mesoscale or larger-scale predictive models, this study employed a CFD-Lagrangian particle-tracking approach to...

This study investigates the super intense geomagnetic storm of 10–11 May 2024, during which the Dst index reached −412 nT, marking the most severe event of the last two decades. An artificial neural network (ANN) model was developed to es...

Reaction OH + HI → I + H₂O (1) is an important atmospheric process transforming inactive HI into chemically active iodine atoms. In the present work, the reaction kinetics have been studied in a discharge fast-flow reactor coupled with an electr...

The increasing availability of high-resolution gridded meteorological data poses significant challenges for efficient storage and rapid data access. This study proposes a route-aware adaptive variable-resolution storage (AVRS) strategy for gridded me...

Accurate cloud detection is an important preprocessing step for subsequent remote sensing data processing. Traditional threshold cloud detection methods have a complex process and require a large number of threshold tests. In recent years, deep learn...

Solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) is an emerging predictor in the crop gross primary production (GPP) estimation for its close relationships with vegetation photosynthesis. Conventional crop GPP are estimated by data-driven models upscaled...

The Loess Plateau has experienced persistent vegetation greening over the past two decades, yet this recovery has occurred under a concurrent intensification of atmospheric evaporative demand and drying. This raises a key land–atmosphere questi...

This study introduces a novel approach to 3-hourly and daily precipitation estimation over northern Algeria. The novel approach benefits from the classification capabilities of Random Forest (RF) and the predictive power of Convolutional Long Short-T...

This paper describes a new methodology implemented in the ESTE decision support system for evaluating the source term resulting from a nuclear weapon detonation. The methodology is based on a model of a stabilized radioactive mushroom cloud, paramete...

This study provides a comprehensive assessment of the impacts of COVID-19 pandemic-induced lockdowns on urban air quality at Marienplatz in Stuttgart, Germany, from 2018 to 2022. Utilizing high-resolution temporal datasets and advanced analytical tec...

Urban air quality is influenced by the removal of particulate matter through dry deposition, yet this process is often simplified in models, potentially underestimating the role of vertical building surfaces. This study investigates the impact of aer...

Southern India and Sri Lanka (SISL) rainfall during January–April (JFMA) exhibits strong interannual variability and is influenced by the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO), yet the long-term evolution of this relationship and its...

Urban air pollution during winter is a major challenge in many cities, where emissions from residential heating lead to elevated particulate matter levels. Atmospheric dispersion modelling supports the understanding of spatial and temporal pollution...

Iron oxide particles (magnetite Fe₃O₄, hematite α-Fe₂O₃, and maghemite γ-Fe₂O₃) are prevalent constituents of atmospheric particulate matter (PM) and have gained increasing attention due to potential health implications. This scoping revi...

Building materials have become a predominant source of indoor radon in mid- to high-rise buildings, making in situ measurement of radon exhalation rates from building surfaces essential for identifying radon sources and assessing associated risks. Ba...

Despite the institutional establishment of Regional Adaptation Action Plans (RAAPs), no systematic cross-regional assessment has examined their structure and implementation dynamics. The objective of this research is to categorize various adaptation...

To address the challenges posed by strong environmental disturbance during field observations of dust dispersion at highway construction sites, this study investigates the transport and diffusion patterns of construction dust (PM₁₀) by integrating nu...

Accurate short-range precipitation prediction plays a crucial role in daily life and disaster mitigation. However, the existing methods often suffer from inefficient large-scale feature extraction, severe redundant information interference, and insuf...

Drought–flood abrupt alternation (DFAA) events have emerged as a critical type of compound climate extreme under ongoing climate change, posing increasing risks to water resources and ecosystems in Southwest China. This study investigated the s...

This study examines near-surface air-temperature variability during extreme heatwaves in Coimbra (Portugal), focusing on Urban Heat Island (UHI) dynamics through a hotspot-based assessment of intra-urban thermal hotspots (IUTHs), defined as localized...

Platform screen door (PSD) systems can reduce particulate matter (PM) levels at subway platforms, but transient particle migration between tunnels and platforms still occurs during door operation. Existing control measures, such as tunnel cleaning, v...

Disposable plastic production may be an understudied source of indoor microplastics (MPs) with implications for occupational exposure. These studies provide a preliminary baseline characterization of MP contamination and potential exposure within a d...