3,322 Results Found

Background and Objectives: Non-cancer chronic pain (CP) results from the interaction between genetic and environmental factors. Twin studies help to estimate genetic and environmental contributions to complex traits such as CP. To date, twin studies...

Horns are an important breeding trait for sheep. However, no widely recognized viewpoint on the regulatory genes and mechanisms of horns is available, and the genetic basis of the four-horn phenotype (FHP) is unclear. This work conducted a genome-wid...

Demographic trends and changes to climate require a more efficient use of plant genetic resources in breeding programs. Indeed, the release of high-yielding varieties has resulted in crop genetic erosion and loss of diversity. This has produced an in...

Soil salinity can impose substantial stress on plant growth and cause significant yield losses. Crop varieties tolerant to salinity stress are needed to sustain yields in saline soils. This requires effective genotyping and phenotyping of germplasm p...

In a study involving 385 Large White pigs, a genome-wide association study (GWAS) was conducted to investigate reproductive traits, specifically the number of healthy litters (NHs) and the number of weaned litters (NWs). Several SNP loci, including A...

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is a widely used model plant species for dissecting out the genomic bases of complex traits to thus provide an optimal platform for modern “-omics” studies and genome-guided breeding. Genome-wide associati...

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have accelerated the exploration of genotype–phenotype associations, facilitating the discovery of replicable genetic markers associated with specific traits or complex diseases. This narrative review expl...

Background: A growing number of Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) survivors are affected by post-acute sequelae of SARS CoV-2 infection (PACS). Using electronic health record data, we aimed to characterize PASC-associated diagnoses and develop risk...

The vascular bundle of the shank is an important ‘flow’ organ for transforming maize biological yield to grain yield, and its microscopic phenotypic characteristics and genetic analysis are of great significance for promoting the breeding...

Drought severely limits crop yield every year, making it critical to clarify the genetic basis of drought tolerance for breeding of improved varieties. As drought tolerance is a complex quantitative trait, we analyzed three phenotypic groups: (1) agr...

Mendelian randomization (MR) is increasingly employed as a technique to assess the causation of a risk factor on an outcome using observational data. The two-stage least-squares (2SLS) procedure is commonly used to examine the causation using genetic...

The rapid improvements in identifying the genetic factors contributing to facial morphology have enabled the early identification of craniofacial syndromes. Similarly, this technology can be vital in forensic cases involving human identification from...

The architecture of rice tillers plays a pivotal role in yield potential, yet conventional phenotyping methods have struggled to capture these intricate three-dimensional (3D) structures with high fidelity. In this study, a 3D model reconstruction me...

Crossing genetically distant forms is widely used in breeding programs and allows the introduction of beneficial features from the wild into cultivated species. In this study, agronomic traits of two F₂ segregating populations derived from crosses in...

Background: WFS1-spectrum disorders are caused by a mutation in the WFS1 gene. The term includes a wide range of rare disorders, from the most severe Wolfram syndrome with autosomal recessive inheritance to milder clinical manifestations with a...

Uncovering the genetic characteristics of important traits in wheat cultivars is essential for targeted wheat breeding. Here, a liquid 100K single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) chip panel, integrating markers of known function, was selected and used...

Drought is a detrimental factor to gaining higher yields in rice (Oryza sativa L.), especially amid the rising occurrence of drought across the globe. To combat this situation, it is essential to develop novel drought-resilient varieties. Therefore,...

Spotted sea bass (Lateolabrax maculatus) is an important marine economic fish in China, ranking third in annual production among marine fish. However, a declined growth rate caused by germplasm degradation has severely increased production costs and...

Cervical artery dissection (CeAD) is the primary cause of ischemic stroke in young adults. Monogenic heritable connective tissue diseases account for fewer than 5% of cases of CeAD. The remaining sporadic cases have known risk factors. The clinical,...

Feed efficiency (FE) is the most important economic trait in the poultry and livestock industry. Thus, genetic improvement of FE may result in a considerable reduction of the cost and energy burdens. As genome-wide association studies (GWASs) can hel...

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the leading form of cardiovascular disease (CVD), which is the primary cause of mortality worldwide. It is a complex disease with genetic and environmental risk factor contributions. Reports in human and mammalian mod...

Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) is a key industrial crop in Southeast Asia and a staple for food security in Africa, owing to its resilience and efficiency in starch production. This study aims to unravel the genetic determinants of specific cassa...

Supernumerary teats (SNTs) or nipples often emerge around the mammary line. This study performed a genome-wide selective sweep analysis (GWS) at the copy number variant (CNV) level using two selected signal calculation methods (V_ST and F_ST) to identi...

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified reproducible genetic associations with hundreds of human diseases and traits. The vast majority of these associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are non-coding, highlighting the challen...

Categorical (either binary or ordinal) quantitative traits are widely observed to measure count and resistance in plants. Unlike continuous traits, categorical traits often provide less detailed insights into genetic variation and possess a more comp...

Background: Canine behavior plays an important role in the success of the human–dog relationship and the dog’s overall welfare, making selection for behavior a vital part of any breeding program. While behaviors are complex traits determi...

The structure of the maize kernels plays a critical role in determining maize yield and quality, and high-throughput, non-destructive microscope phenotypic characteristics acquisition and analysis are of great importance. In this study, Micro-CT tech...

The wheat plant requires elevated phosphorus levels for its normal growth and yield, but continuously depleting non-renewable phosphorus reserves in the soil is one of the biggest challenges in agricultural production worldwide. The Phosphorus Starva...

Sepsis remains an important source of morbidity and mortality in children, despite the development of standardized care. In the last decades, there has been an increased interest in genetic and genomic approaches to early recognition and development...

Multiple environment phenotypes may be utilized to implement genomic prediction in plant breeding, while it is unclear about optimal utilization strategies according to its different availability. It is necessary to assess the utilization strategies...

Apple is one of the most common fruit crops in the Russian fruit-growing industry, with huge varietal diversity and a vast cultivation area. The key regions for industrial-scale apple cultivation are the Central, Central Chernozem, and North Caucasia...

In many case-control genetic association studies, a secondary phenotype that may have common genetic factors with disease status can be identified. When information on the secondary phenotype is available only for the case group due to cost and diffe...

Fire blight, caused by Erwinia amylovora, is one of the most devastating apple diseases. The selection of cultivars of low susceptibility and the study of the genetic mechanisms of the disease play important roles in fire blight management. The susce...

This article highlights advantages of entropy-based genetic diversity measures, at levels from gene expression to landscapes. Shannon’s entropy-based diversity is the standard for ecological communities. The exponentials of Shannon’s and the related...

Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is a rare autoimmune disease, primarily affecting elderly individuals, that significantly impacts the patient’s quality of life. In contrast, psoriasis vulgaris (PV) is a common, chronic, immune-mediated skin condition r...

Indirect defenses are plant phenotypes that reduce damage by attracting natural enemies of plant pests and pathogens to leaves. Despite their economic and ecological importance, few studies have investigated the genetic underpinnings of indirect defe...

Back pain (BP) is a major contributor to disability worldwide, with heritability estimated at 40–60%. However, less than half of the heritability is explained by common genetic variants identified by genome-wide association studies. More powerf...

Trichomes, which are widely used as an important diagnostic characteristic in plant species delimitation, play important roles in plant defense and adaptation to adverse environments. In this study, we used two sister poplar species, Populus pruinosa...

Nitrogen fertilizer input is the main determinant of wheat yield, and heavy nitrogen fertilizer application causes serious environmental pollution. It is important to understand the genetic response mechanism of wheat to nitrogen and select wheat ger...

Ginkgo biloba L., as one of the oldest tree species, is a very important medicinal plant due to the metabolites in its leaves. To explore the variations and genetic regulation of leaf phenotypic traits, 321 samples from 12 ancient populations in the...

In beef cattle breeding, genome-wide association studies (GWAS) using single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) arrays can reveal many loci of various production traits, such as growth, productivity, and meat quality. With the development of genome sequ...

Our objectives were to robustly characterize a cohort of Holstein cows for udder and teat type traits and perform high-density genome-wide association studies for those traits within the same group of animals, thereby improving the accuracy of the ph...

In the past years, the diversity of Capsicum has been mainly investigated through genetics and genomics approaches, fewer efforts have been made in the field of plant phenomics. Assessment of crop traits with high-throughput methodologies could enhan...

Melon (Cucumis melo L.) is an economically important horticultural crop with abundant morphological and genetic variability. Complex genetic variations exist even among melon varieties and remain unclear to date. Therefore, unraveling the genetic var...

This study aimed to identify candidate genes associated with chlorophyll content in rice via genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and to develop molecular markers for the selection of genetic resources and breeding lines exhibiting high chlorophyll...

Low temperature exerts severe adverse effects on maize growth, particularly during the seedling stage. Screening for cold-tolerant maize genotypes is highly significant for identifying genes associated with cold tolerance and enhancing maize performa...

SCN1A, the gene encoding for the Nav1.1 channel, exhibits dominant interneuron-specific expression, whereby variants disrupting the channel’s function affect the initiation and propagation of action potentials and neuronal excitability causing...

Equine metabolic syndrome (EMS) is a complex trait for which few genetic studies have been published. Our study objectives were to perform within breed genome-wide association analyses (GWA) to identify associated loci in two high-risk breeds, couple...

POGZ-related disorders (also known as White-Sutton syndrome) encompass a wide range of neurocognitive abnormalities and other accompanying anomalies. Disease severity varies widely among POGZ patients and studies investigating genotype-phenotype asso...

Duplications of chromosome 16p11.2, even though rare in the general population, are one of the most frequent known genetic causes of autism spectrum disorder and of other neurodevelopmental disorders. However, data about the neuro-behavioral phenotyp...