The heterogeneous unmanned system, which is composed of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) and unmanned ground vehicles (UGV), has been broadly applied in many domains. Collaborative fault diagnosis (CFD) among UAVs and UGVs has become a key technology i...
There is a growing body of literature that recognizes the importance of Multi-Robot coordination and Modular Robotics. This work evaluates the secure coordination of an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) via a drone simulation in Unity and an Unmanned Gro...
Efficient and reliable inventory management remains a challenge in modern warehouses, where manual counting is time-consuming, error-prone, and costly. We present an autonomous aerial–ground system for warehouse inventory data capture that oper...
This study proposes a method for detecting and tracking traversable regions in off-road conditions for unmanned ground vehicles (UGVs). Off-road conditions, such as rough terrain or fields, present significant challenges for UGV navigation, and detec...
Although widely applied in varied scenarios, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) suffer severe flight time and flight range limitations due to constrained onboard battery capacity, causing frequent battery recharging when performing persistent missions....
This paper focuses on the development of a miniaturized mobile mapping platform with advantages over current agricultural phenotyping systems in terms of acquiring data that facilitate under-canopy plant trait extraction. The system is based on an un...
Cooperative formation control of unmanned ground vehicles (UGVs) has become one of the important research hotspots in the application of UGV and attracted more and more attention in the military and civil fields. Compared with traditional formation c...
Low-altitude unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and unmanned ground vehicles (UGVs), which boast high-resolution imaging and agile maneuvering capabilities, are widely utilized in military scenarios and generate a vast amount of image data that can be l...
Unmanned ground vehicles (UGVs) have gained increased attention in different fields of application; therefore, their optimization requires special attention. Lowering the mass of a UGV is especially important to increase its autonomy, agility, and pa...
Robots assist emergency responders by collecting critical information remotely. Deploying multiple cooperative unmanned ground vehicles (UGVs) for a response can reduce the response time, improve situational awareness, and minimize costs. Reliable co...
With the accelerated development of smart cities, the concept of a “smart industrial park” in which unmanned ground vehicles (UGVs) have wide application has entered the industrial field of vision. When faced with multiple tasks and heter...
The collaborative execution of tasks by multiple Unmanned Ground Vehicles (UGVs) has become a development trend in the field of unmanned systems. Existing collaborative Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) frameworks mainly employ methods bas...
Aiming to address the core issue that the current intelligence evaluation for Unmanned Ground Vehicles (UGVs) overly rely on static performance metrics and lack dynamic quantitative characterization of learning internalization capability (LIC), this...
Using a multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) radar for environment sensing is gaining more attention in unmanned ground vehicles (UGV). During the movement of the UGV, the position of MIMO array compared to the ideal imaging position will inevitably...
This paper introduces a novel observer-based fuzzy tracking controller that integrates disturbance estimation to improve state estimation and path tracking in the lateral control systems of Unmanned Ground Vehicles (UGVs). The design of the controlle...
This paper explores the problem of energy-efficient shortest path planning on off-road, natural, real-life terrain for unmanned ground vehicles (UGVs). We present a greedy path planning algorithm based on a composite metric routing approach that comb...
Ultra-wideband (UWB) technology is one of the most promising wireless communication technologies. Examples of UWB applications include, among others, radiocommunication devices and location systems, due to their operating range, ability to work in ou...
Deep learning and machine learning (ML) technologies have been implemented in various applications, and various agriculture technologies are being developed based on image-based object recognition technology. We propose an orchard environment free sp...
Aiming at the problem of difficult obstacle avoidance for unmanned ground vehicles (UGVs) in complex dynamic environments, an improved A*-APF algorithm (BA*-MAPF algorithm) is proposed in this paper. Addressing the A* algorithm’s challenges of...
As Industry 4.0 advances, emerging use cases demand 5G NR networks capable of delivering high uplink throughput and ultra-low downlink latency. This study evaluates a 5G link between a LiDAR-equipped unmanned ground vehicle (UGV) and its control unit...
This study designs a navigation and landing scheme for an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) to autonomously land on an arbitrarily moving unmanned ground vehicle (UGV) in GPS-denied environments based on vision, ultra-wideband (UWB) and system informatio...
This systematic review evaluates the integration of advanced radar technologies into unmanned ground vehicles (UGVs), focusing on their role in enhancing autonomy in defense, transportation, and exploration. A comprehensive search across IEEE Xplore,...
Recently, deep learning methods and multisensory fusion have been applied to address odometry challenges in unmanned ground vehicles (UGVs). In this paper, we propose an end-to-end visual-lidar-inertial odometry framework to enhance the accuracy of p...
Maintenance has a major impact on the financial plan of road managers. To ameliorate road conditions and reduce safety constraints, distress evaluation methods should be efficient and should avoid being time consuming. That is why road cadastral cata...
Autonomous vehicles play a crucial role in three-dimensional transportation systems and have been extensively investigated and implemented in mining and other fields. However, the diverse and intricate terrain characteristics present challenges to ve...
The A-star algorithm (A*) is a traditional and widely used approach for route planning in various domains, including robotics and automobiles in smart agriculture. However, a notable limitation of the A-star algorithm is its tendency to generate path...
The detection and recognition of unstructured roads in forest environments are critical for smart forestry technology. Forest roads lack effective reference objects and manual signs and have high degrees of nonlinearity and uncertainty, which pose se...
Transportation infrastructure is an integral part of the world’s overall functionality; however, current transportation infrastructure has aged since it was first developed and implemented. Consequently, given its condition, preservation has be...
Developing different robotic platforms for farm operations is vital to addressing the increasing world population. A harvesting robot significantly increases a farm’s productivity while farmers focus on other relevant farm operations. From the...
Current navigation systems use multi-sensor data to improve the localization accuracy, but often without certitude on the quality of those measurements in certain situations. The context detection will enable us to build an adaptive navigation system...
The special issue, “Sensors, Wireless Connectivity and Systems for Autonomous Vehicles and Smart Mobility” on MDPI Sensors presents 12 accepted papers, with authors from North America, Asia, Europe and Australia, related to the emerging t...
Locating an inspection robot is an essential task for inspection missions and spatial data acquisition. Giving a spatial reference to measurements, especially those concerning environmental parameters, e.g., gas concentrations may make them more valu...
This paper proposes a framework for predicting traversability probability in off-road environments by distilling knowledge from large language models (LLMs) such as GPT-4o into lightweight models. The GPT-4off approach utilizes GPT-generated data to...
Air-ground coordination systems are usually composed of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) and unmanned ground vehicles (UGV). In such a system, UAVs can utilize their much more perceptive information to plan the path for UGVs. However, the correctness a...
The increase in global population and climatic instability places unprecedented demands on agricultural productivity. Autonomous robotic systems, specifically unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and unmanned ground vehicles (UGVs), provide potential solu...
Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and unmanned ground vehicles (UGVs) have rapidly evolved, becoming integral to various applications such as environmental monitoring, disaster response, and precision agriculture. This paper provides a comprehensive re...
This paper investigates the air–ground cooperative time-varying formation-tracking control problem of a heterogeneous cluster system composed of an unmanned ground vehicle (UGV) and an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). Initially, the structure of...
Recently, various studies related to the development of unmanned vehicles have been conducted around the world. In particular, unmanned ground vehicles (UGVs) and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have been developed and utilized for various purposes....
Efficient localisation plays a vital role in many modern applications of Unmanned Ground Vehicles (UGV) and Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), which contributes to improved control, safety, power economy, etc. The ubiquitous 5G NR (New Radio) cellular...
Unmanned ground vehicles (UGVs) are becoming the foremost part of rescue teams for protecting human lives from severe disasters and reducing human casualties by informing them about the risks ahead, such as mine detection and clearance. In mine detec...
It is challenging for unmanned ground vehicles (UGVs) to navigate in an unknown environment without equipping them with sensors, such as LiDAR, cameras, etc. As a result, it is necessary to employ an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) to provide the UGVs...
Even with visual contact equipment such as cameras, an unmanned ground vehicle (UGV) alone usually takes a lot of time to navigate an unfamiliar area with obstacles. Therefore, this study proposes a fast drone-aided path planning approach to help UGV...
Collaborative autonomous landing of a quadrotor Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) on a moving Unmanned Ground Vehicle (UGV) presents challenges due to the need for accurate real-time tracking of the UGV and the adjustment for the landing policy. To addre...
This paper presents a novel methodology to localise Unmanned Ground Vehicles (UGVs) using Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs). The UGVs are assumed to be operating in a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)-denied environment. The localisation of the...
The paper presents a study of the performance and development of unmanned ground vehicles (UGVs), establishing mathematical and numerical models of the chassis system. The model analysis is performed by 3D software package SolidWorks 2018 with finite...
This paper presents a practical validation of a heterogeneous formation of mobile robots in performing a load lifting, transportation, and delivery task. Assuming that an unmanned ground vehicle (UGV) is unable to perform a mission by itself due to t...
Unmanned ground vehicles (UGVs) have great potential in the application of both civilian and military fields, and have become the focus of research in many countries. Environmental perception technology is the foundation of UGVs, which is of great si...
In Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)-denied urban environments, unmanned ground vehicles (UGVs) face significant difficulties in maintaining reliable localization due to occlusion and structural complexity. Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), wi...
With the rapid development of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) systems, the autonomous landing of a UAV on a moving Unmanned Ground Vehicle (UGV) has received extensive attention as a key technology. At present, this technology is confronted with such p...
Robotic transport missions serve a variety of valuable purposes within similar contexts. These include delivering packages in urban or remote areas, dispatching supplies to disaster or conflict zones, and facilitating delivery operations. In such a c...
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