We study in this paper the dynamics of molecules leading to the formation of nematic and smectic phases using a mobile 6-state Potts spin model with Monte Carlo simulation. Each Potts state represents a molecular orientation. We show that, with the c...
The Clapeyron slope is the slope of a phase boundary in P–T space and is essential for understanding mantle dynamics and evolution. The phase boundary is delineating instead of balancing a phase transition’s normal and reverse reactions....
Graphene is attracting much attention in condensed matter physics and material science in the two-dimensional(2D) system due to its special structure, and mechanical and electronic properties. However, the lack of electronic bandgap and uncontrollabl...
We review our recent study on the polyamorphism of the liquid and glass states in a monatomic system, a two-scale spherical-symmetric Jagla model with both attractive and repulsive interactions. This potential with a parametrization for which crystal...
In this paper, we investigate the effect of the Dicke quantum phase transition on the Berry phase of the two impurity qubits. The two impurity qubits only have dispersive interactions with the optical field of the Dicke quantum system. Therefore, the...
The history of volume phase transition of responsive gels from its theoretical prediction to experimental discovery was described and the major role of mixing Gibbs energy function in theoretical models was stressed. For detailed analysis and fine tu...
The entropy production scenarios due to the electroweak phase transition (EWPT) in the framework of the minimal extension of standard model, namely the two Higgs doublet model (2HDM), are revisited. The possibility of first order phase transition is...
In 70’s, the extensive studies about the gel science has begun with the discovery of the volume phase transition of gel at the physics department of Massachusetts Institute of Technology. After the discovery of the volume phase transition of ge...
Anti-solvent crystallization of carbapenem CS-023 was performed at 25 °C. The following results were obtained: (1) A solvate crystal, Form A (5/2 Ethanol·1/2 H2O), was recovered from 80 v/v% ethanol solution; (2) Form A transformed to Form...
As the simplest and most fundamental model describing the interaction between light and matter, a breakdown in the rotating wave approximation of the Rabi model leads to phase transition versus coupling strength when the frequency of the qubit greatl...
The applicability of the Clapeyron equation to the volume phase transition of cylindrical poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-based gels under external force is reviewed. Firstly, the equilibrium conditions for the gels under tension are shown, and then we d...
Lithium cobalt oxide (LiCoO2), which has been successfully applied in commercial lithium-ion batteries for portable devices, possesses a theoretical specific capacity of 274 mAh g−1. However, its actual capacity is only half of the theoretical...
Ant colony optimization (ACO) is a stochastic optimization algorithm inspired by the foraging behavior of ants. We investigate a simplified computational model of ACO, wherein ants sequentially engage in binary decision-making tasks, leaving pheromon...
Due to its excellent temperature sensitivity, the Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (NIPA) hydrogel has attracted great interest for a wide variety of applications in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. NIPA hydrogel undergoes an abrupt volume ph...
This paper deals with a phase transition model with polarization which describes the thermodynamic, electromagnetic, and polarization properties of ferromagnetic–ferroelectric materials. The existence of the global weak solution for the phase t...
The optomechanics shows a great potential in quantum control and precise measurement due to appropriate mechanical control. Here we theoretically study the quantum phase transition in a hybrid atom-optomechanical cavity with an external force. Our st...
The behavior of ice under extreme conditions undergoes the change of intermolecular binding patterns and leads to the structural phase transitions, which are needed for modeling the convection and internal structure of the giant planets and moons of...
Materials with nanoscale phase separation are considered. A system representing a heterophase mixture of ferromagnetic and paramagnetic phases is studied. After averaging over phase configurations, a renormalized Hamiltonian is derived describing the...
We propose a new optical sensor to characterize the solid-liquid phase transition in salted solutions. The probe mainly consists of a Raman spectrometer that extracts the vibrational properties from the light scattered by the salty medium. The spectr...
The neutral-ionic phase transition in TTF-CA was investigated by steady-state and time-resolved infrared spectroscopy. We describe the growth of high-quality single crystals and their characterization. Extended theoretical calculations were performed...
Focal conics are nice geometric structures of liquid crystal phases which present periodicity such as smectic phase, cholesteric phase, etc. Here, we focus on focal conic domains (FCD) in smectic A liquid crystal. During a phase transition from smect...
The structural evolution of Ho2Ce2O7 under high pressure was systematically investigated using synchrotron X-ray diffraction (up to 31.5 GPa) and Raman spectroscopy (up to 41.7 GPa). At ambient pressure, the compound adopts a common C-type cubic rare...
Recently discovered phase transition and elastic anomaly of compression-induced softening and heating-induced hardening (CISHIH) in group VB transition metals at high-pressure and high-temperature (HPHT) conditions are unique and interesting among ty...
High-pressure diamond-anvil cell synchrotron X-ray diffraction experiments were conducted on single-crystal samples of natural orthoamphibole; gedrite; with composition; (K0.002Na0.394)(Mg2)(Mg1.637Fe2.245Mn0.004Ca0.022Cr0.003Na0.037Al1.052)(Si6.517A...
In this review, we outline some principal theoretical knowledge of the properties of frustrated spin systems and magnetic thin films. The two points we would like to emphasize: (i) the physics in low dimensions where exact solutions can be obtained;...
The properties of semicrystalline polymeric materials depend remarkably on their structures, especially for those exhibiting a polymorphic behavior. This offers an efficient way to tailor their properties through crystal engineering. For control of t...
Polyelectrolyte gels have the capacity to absorb large amounts of multivalent species of opposite charge from aqueous solutions of low ionic strength, and release them at elevated ionic strengths. The reversibility offers the possibility to switch be...
Multi-wavelength random lasers with switchable modes have advantages in the fields of novel light source and information security. Here, we propose a dual-wavelength phase transition random laser, which can modulate lasing modes arbitrarily assisted...
Artificially designed modulators that enable a wealth of freedom in manipulating the terahertz (THz) waves at will are an essential component in THz sources and their widespread applications. Dynamically controlled metasurfaces, being multifunctional...
The vegetative phase transition is a prerequisite for flowering in angiosperm plants. Mulberry miR156 has been confirmed to be a crucial factor in the vegetative phase transition in Arabidopsis thaliana. The over-expression of miR156 in transgenic Po...
The discovery of phenomena of volume phase transition has had a great impact not only on bulk gels but also on the world of microgels. In particular, research on poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) microgels, whose transition temperature is close to...
In this work, V1−xZrxO2 powder (x = 0, 0.01, 0.02, 0.04) was synthesized by two step hydrothermal method. The micro-topography, magnetic and phase transition properties have been investigated using various measurement techniques. All prepared V...
The physical principle underlying the familiar condensation transition from vapor to liquid is the competition between the energetic tendency to condense owing to attractive forces among molecules of the fluid and the entropic tendency to disperse to...
We describe a first-order phase transition of a simple system in a process where the volume is kept constant. We show that, unlike what happens when the pressure is constant, (i) the transformation extends over a finite temperature (and pressure) ran...
Phase transitions happen at critical values of the controlling parameters, such as the critical temperature in classical phase transitions, and system critical parameters in the quantum case. However, true criticality happens only at the thermodynami...
Co-doped SnO2 nanocrystals (with a particle size of 10 nm) with a tetragonal rutile-type (space group P42/mnm) structure have been investigated for their use in in situ high-pressure synchrotron angle dispersive powder X-ray diffraction up to 20.9 GP...
Using molecular dynamics simulations, we studied the structural properties of orthorhombic, monoclinic, and body-centered tetragonal (bct) phases of U–Mo alloys. A sequence of shear transformations between metastable phases takes place upon dop...
The crystallization and II–I phase transition of functionalized polybutene-1 with hydroxyl groups were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry. The results show that the incorporated hydroxyl groups increase the nucleation density but decre...
A variety of models of inflation in the early Universe have been proposed and applied to describe successfully the origin of all possible structures in the Universe. On the other hand, inflation theory is still phenomenological and needs systematic p...
We have investigated the thermodynamic property modification of ammonia borane via nanoconfinement. Two different mesoporous silica scaffolds, SBA-15 and MCM-41, were used to confine ammonia borane. Using in situ Raman spectroscopy, we examined how p...
The structural phase transition and compressibility of CaF2 nanocrystals with size of 23 nm under high pressure were investigated by synchrotron X-ray diffraction measurement. A pressure-induced fluorite to α-PbCl2-type phase transition starts at 9.5...
The structure, thermodynamic parameters, and the character of thermal motion in octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (D4) were investigated using the combination of experimental (single-crystal X-ray diffraction, thermochemistry) and theoretical (density fun...
Phase transitions are an intriguing yet poorly understood aspect of transition-metal-based materials; these phase transitions can result in changes to the refractive index, absorption coefficient, and other optical properties of the materials. Transi...
We construct a dense matter equation of state (EoS) starting from a hadronic density dependent relativistic mean-field model with a DD2 parametrization including the excluded volume corrections at low densities. The high density part is given by a Na...
In the QCD, a transition restoring the chiral symmetry occurs at a high temperature and density. Searching for the signals of the QCD phase transition is one of the goals of the current relativistic heavy-ion physics programs. The metastable state is...
In this paper, we study the gravitational waves of holographic QCD phase transition with hyperscaling violation. We consider an Einstein–Maxwell Dilaton background and discuss the confinement–deconfinement phase transition between thermal...
The ferroelectric (FE) to antiferroelectric (AFE) phase transition tuning the temperature range of electrocaloric (EC) effects was investigated using phenomenological Landau–Devonshire theory. Contrary to ferroelectric to paraelectric (PE) phas...
A pressure-induced phase transition of Mg2Sr intermetallics from the low-pressure C14-type phase to an orthorhombic phase (space group Cmcm, Z = 4) at a high pressure of 21.0 GPa was firstly predicted using first-principles calculations combined with...
The chain polymer [{Cd(μ-X)2py2}1∞] (X = Cl, Br; py = pyridine) undergoes a fully reversible phase transition between a monoclinic low-temperature and an orthorhombic high-temperature phase. The transformation can be directly monitored in single crys...
At temperatures below the critical temperature, discontinuities in the isotherms are one critical issue in the design and construction of separation units, affecting the level of confidence for a prediction of vapor–liquid equilibriums and phas...
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