As metal additive manufacturing has been increasingly accepted as a viable method of industrial manufacture, there has been a significant uptake in manufacturers wishing to verify and test their parts through analysis of part surface. However, variou...
Processes of surface texture characterisation can be roughly divided into measurement issues and analysis of the results obtained. Both actions can be fraught with various errors, some of which can be analysed with frequency performance. In this pape...
Errors that occur when surface topography is measured and analysed can be classified depending on the type of surface studied. Many types of surface topographies are considered when frequency-based errors are studied. However, turned surface topograp...
Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is one of the most frequently performed surgical procedures for patients with advanced knee joint disease, which is intended to relieve pain and restore normal joint function. A critical component of the TKA system is th...
Infrared thermography provides an option for characterising surface reactions and their effects on the solidification of steel under different gas atmospheres. In this work, infrared thermography has been used during solidification of Twin Induced Pl...
Post-mortem characterisation is a pivotal tool to trace back to the origin of structural failures in modern engineering analyses. This work compared both the crack propagation and rupture roughness profiles based on areal parameters for total fractur...
Background: Immediate Dentine Sealing (IDS) is a well-established adhesive strategy that protects freshly cut dentine and enhances the clinical performance of indirect restorations. While its mechanical benefits are extensively documented, the surfac...
The demand for land monitoring information continues to increase, but the range and diversity of the available products to date have made their integrated use challenging and, at times, counterproductive. There has therefore been a growing need to en...
For a comprehensive study of Sheet Moulding Compound (SMC) surfaces, topographical data obtained by a contact-free optical method (chromatic aberration confocal imaging) were systematically acquired to characterise these surfaces with regard to their...
High-flow tidal stream environments, targeted for tidal turbine installations, exhibit turbulent features, at fine spatio-temporal scales (metres and seconds), created by site-specific topography and bathymetry. Bed-derived turbulent features (kolk-b...
Advanced imaging techniques can noninvasively characterise, monitor, and evaluate how conservation treatments affect cultural heritage objects. In this specific field, hyperspectral imaging allows nondestructive characterisation of materials by ident...
The study of mechanical and chemical phenomena arising within a material that is being subjected to external stress is termed mechanochemistry (MC). Recent advances in MC have revealed the prospect not only to enable a greener route to chemical trans...
The current study reports on the impact of a series of functional alkoxysilanes on the wettability and structure of a well-established silicon/zirconium hybrid anticorrosion sol–gel coating. The selected functional alkoxysilanes comprise tetra...
Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) has emerged as the material of choice for spinal fusion devices, replacing conventional materials such as titanium and its alloys due to its ability to easily overcome a lot of the limitations of traditional metallic bioma...
The validated influence of urban biophysical structure on environmental processes within urban areas has heightened the emphasis on studies examining morphological patterns to determine precise locations and underlying causes of urban climate conditi...
Oil spills at sea, such as the Deepwater Horizon incident in 2010, are devastating environmental hazards, especially for biodiversity in the maritime ecosystem. In order to help the restoration of coastlines, it is critical to clean the oil up quickl...
A novel DAS setup based on geometric phases in coherent heterodyne detection is applied for the first time to the characterisation of the Earth’s subsurface. In addition, an optimisation of the proposed setup in terms of its spatial resolution...
Wear-resistant coatings development is progressively increasing steeply due to their advantages when applied to mechanical components subjected to abrasive and destructive environments. Titanium nitride (TiN) coating is typically used to enlarge tool...
Additive manufacturing technologies enable lightweight, functionally integrated designs and development of biomimetic structures. They contribute to the reduction of material waste and decrease in overall process duration. A major challenge for the q...
Background/Objectives: Chromium (III) oxide nanoparticles possess unique chemical properties, making them increasingly valuable in pharmaceutical applications, which had been neglected until the last few years. However, their use requires stable disp...
Carbon nanomaterials have gained significant interest over recent years in the field of electrochemistry, and they may be limited in their use due to issues with their difficulty in dispersion. Enzymes are prime components for detecting biological mo...
How road surfaces reflect light in space is a physical characteristic that plays a key role in the design of road lighting installations: by European Standards the average luminance is the target quantity to assure the required safety conditions of t...
Atomistic level characterisation of external surface species of mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN) poses a significant analytical challenge due to the inherently low content of grafted ligands. This study proposes the use of HR-MAS NMR spectroscop...
Due to the little information related to surface processing and conditioning of resin matrix ceramic materials previous glazing, the main purpose of this in vitro study was to investigate the effect of different surface treatments on the surface morp...
Adpsortion of protein layers on biomaterials plays an important role in the interactions between implants and the bio-environment. In this context, human serum albumin (HSA) layers have been deposited on modified Ti6Al4V surfaces at different ultravi...
Electron Beam Melting (EBM) is a metal powder bed fusion (PBF) process in which the heat source is an electron beam. Differently from other metal PBF processes, today, EBM is used for mass production. As-built EBM parts are clearly recognisable by th...
This study evaluated the capability of coal fly ash (untreated and physicochemically modified) when utilised as a filler in cis-1,4-polyisoprene rubber. Physicochemical modification of the ash was achieved using two techniques: (1) ammonium sulphate...
The protection of ferrous metals in acidic environments is important in many industries. Extending the pH range of organic inhibitors to low pH has been achieved with the addition of iodide ions, which facilitate adsorption. It was of interest to see...
A. ferrooxidans and their metabolic products have previously been explored as a viable alternative depressant of pyrite for froth flotation; however, the mechanism by which separation is achieved is not completely understood. Scanning electron micros...
The surface of cotton fibre was modified by atmospheric pressure plasma treatment (APPT), using gas as the carrier. Effects of variations in four operational parameters, discharge power, oxygen flow rate, jet-to-substrate distance and speed of the je...
Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (MNPs) with appropriate surface chemistry exhibit many interesting properties that can be exploited in a variety of biomedical applications such as magnetic resonance imaging contrast enhancement, tissue rep...
Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) is a high-performance thermoplastic polymer which has found increasing application in orthopaedics and has shown a lot of promise for ‘made-to-measure’ implants via additive manufacturing approaches. However, PEEK is bioin...
The objective of this study was to determine the polar and dispersive surface free-energy (SFE) components of the central layer of corrugated paperboards, which are made of recycled fibres. The polar and dispersive components of, and the total, SFE (...
Measurement of accurate tidal volumes based on respiration-induced surface movements of the upper body would be valuable in clinical and sports monitoring applications, but most current methods lack the precision, ease of use, or cost effectiveness r...
While conventional die manufacturing techniques often lead to limitations in production speed and design intricacy due to labour-intensive procedures like machining and casting, Additive Manufacturing (AM) emerges as a key player offering substantial...
In image processing, it is commonly assumed that the model ruling spectral mixture in a given hyperspectral pixel is linear. However, in many real life cases, the different objects and materials determining the observed spectral signatures overlap in...
Nickel-titanium (NiTi) orthodontic archwires are crucial in the initial stages of orthodontic therapy when the movement of teeth and deflection of the archwire are the largest. Their great mechanical properties come with their main disadvantage&mdash...
Microbial safety is an important factor contributing to the egg quality. During egg acquisition, there is significant risk of contamination of the eggshell surface with microscopic fungi. Mycelial hyphae may grow on the eggshell surface and penetrate...
In the biomedical field, there is a demand for the development of novel approaches for the investigation of optical epithelial anatomical features with biomimetic materials. These materials are not only required to replicate structures but also enabl...
Ga–Sn–Zn eutectic alloy is a non-toxic liquid metal alloy which could be used in a multitude of applications, including as a heat transfer agent, in gas sensing, and in medicine. Alloys containing gallium readily oxidise in air, forming a...
Global change impacts including climate change, increased CO2 and nitrogen deposition can be determined through a more precise characterisation of Land Surface Phenology (LSP) parameters. In addition, accurate estimation of LSP dates is being increas...
Land surface phenology (LSP), the study of the timing of recurring cycles of changes in the land surface using time-series of satellite sensor-derived vegetation indices, is a valuable tool for monitoring vegetation at global and continental scales....
This study investigates the suitability of Piezoelectric Direct Discharge Plasma as a tool for wetting behaviour modification of PEEK and dentin, and compares the results of this method with low-pressure plasma treatment and phosphoric acid etching....
The geometric characterisation of tree orchards is a high-precision activity comprising the accurate measurement and knowledge of the geometry and structure of the trees. Different types of sensors can be used to perform this characterisation. In thi...
The study of the optical properties of the Cd1-xZnxTe1-ySey (CZTS) crystal provides a clear idea about its response to incident X-ray or gamma radiation. This is important for selecting a proper composition of CZTS to achieve superior quality and hig...
The chemical and mineralogical surface properties of a brick-derived composite were examined by using an environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM) equipped with an energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDS). Investigations revealed that the m...
We present experimental evidence of reusable, reliable cyclic olefin copolymer (COC) moulds in soft contact lens manufacturing. The moulds showed high performance surface roughness characteristics despite >20 kW exposure to 365 nm ultraviolet (UV)...
It is well known that carbon present in scanning electron microscopes (SEM), Focused ion beam (FIB) systems and FIB-SEMs, causes imaging artefacts and influences the quality of TEM lamellae or structures fabricated in FIB-SEMs. The severity of such e...
The aim of this research was to determine the optimal conditions for the process of the microencapsulation of phenol-rich grape pomace extract (GPE) using spray drying and goat whey protein (GW) as a coating. The encapsulation was carried out with th...
Various surfactants have been applied for the remediation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)-contaminated environments, but their roles in bioremediation remain controversial. This study focused on rhamnolipid (a typical surfactant) and Burkhol...
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