Interleukins (ILs) are signaling molecules that are crucial in regulating immune responses during infectious diseases. Pro-inflammatory ILs contribute to the activation and recruitment of immune cells, whereas anti-inflammatory ILs help to suppress e...
Endometriosis is a chronic inflammatory disease, which explains the pain that such patients report. Currently, we are faced with ineffective, non-invasive diagnostic methods and treatments that come with multiple side effects and high recurrence rate...
In the presence of a primary tumor, the pre-metastatic niche is established in secondary organs as a favorable microenvironment for subsequent tumor metastases. This process is orchestrated by bone marrow-derived cells, primary tumor-derived factors,...
Adipose tissue is a highly active endocrine organ that secrets many pro-inflammatory as well anti-inflammatory adipokines. The aim of the study was to assess serum adipokine profile in prepubertal vegetarian and omnivorous children. Sixty-two childre...
Recent studies have shown that a pro-inflammatory diet and dysbiosis, especially a high level of trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO), are associated with various adverse health conditions. Cardiovascular diseases and pancreatic diseases are two major morbi...
There is increasing awareness of an association between the uptake of the HIV integrase inhibitor, dolutegravir, in first-line antiretroviral regimens with unusual weight gain and development of the metabolic syndrome, particularly in African women....
The increased level of hydrogen peroxide accompanies some modes of macrophage specification and is linked to ROS-based antimicrobial activity of these phagocytes. In this study, we show that activation of toll-like receptors with bacterial components...
27 February 2023
Pro-inflammatory cytokines are potent stimulators of inflammation and immunity and markers of infection severity and bacteriological burden in pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB). Interferons could have both host-protective and detrimental effects on tuberc...
Substance use/abuse is one of the main causes of depressive symptoms. Cannabis and synthetic cannabinoids in particular gained significant popularity in the past years. There is an increasing amount of clinical data associating such compounds with th...
Cisplatin is a platinum-based chemotherapeutic that has long since been effective against a variety of solid-cancers, substantially improving the five-year survival rates for cancer patients. Its use has also historically been limited by its adverse...
Background: Identifying patients with a strong pro-inflammatory phenotype may allow clinicians to underpin high-risk individuals based on early inflammatory marker profiles and to personalize approaches to preventative treatments. Aim: The objective...
Background: Cytokines are effector molecules of the host immune response that have been associated with chronic inflammatory processes related to risk and a poor prognosis in cancer patients. However, the impact of these molecules on the genesis and...
The highly dynamic changes in microglia necessary to achieve a rapid neuroinflammatory response require a supply of energy from mitochondrial respiration, which leads to the accumulation of unfolded mitochondrial proteins. We previously reported that...
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory, demyelinating and neurodegenerative disorder. Since acetylcholine (ACh) is known to participate in the inflammatory response, we investigated the possible relationship between pro-inflammatory cytoki...
Neurobehavioral alterations and cognitive impairment are common phenomena that represent neuropsychiatric disorders and can be triggered by an exacerbated immune response against pathogens, brain injury, or autoimmune diseases. Pro-inflammatory molec...
Macrophages play a crucial role in the innate immune response, serving as key effector cells in the defense against pathogens. Although the role of the large-conductance voltage and calcium-activated potassium channel, also known as the KCa1.1 or BK...
Periodontitis is a chronic, multifactorial inflammatory disease initiated by dysbiotic biofilms and driven by a dysregulated host immune response. Central to its pathogenesis is a complex network of cytokines, particularly interleukins, with both pro...
Understanding the mechanisms involved in the development of insulin resistance in horses should enable development of effective treatment and prevention strategies. Current knowledge of these mechanisms is based upon research in obese humans and rode...
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is an important event in the pathogenesis of different human disorders, including atherosclerosis. ER stress leads to disturbance of cellular homeostasis, apoptosis, and in the case of macrophages, to foam cell f...
The monocot lectin from the tubers of Arisaema erubescens (Wall.) Schott has been purified by consecutive hydrophobic chromatography and ion exchange chromatography methods. The molecular weight of this A. erubescens lectin (AEL) was determined to be...
Umbilical cord mesenchymal stromal cells (UCMSCs) have shown an ability to modulate the immune system through the secretion of paracrine mediators, such as extracellular vesicles (EVs). However, the culture conditions that UCMSCs are grown in can alt...
Exosomes released from tumor cells are instrumental in shaping the local tumor microenvironment to allow cancer progression. Recently, it has been shown that tumor exosomes carry large fragments of dsDNA, which may reflect the mutational status of pa...
Tuberculosis (TB) remains the major cause of mortality and morbidity, causing approximately 1.3 million deaths annually. As a highly successful pathogen, Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) has evolved numerous strategies to evade host immune responses,...
Although inflammation is primarily a protective response guarding the human body, it can result in a variety of chronic diseases such as allergies, auto-immune, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer. In NF-κB-mediated inflammation, many small mol...
Gallic acid (3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid), is a natural product found in various foods and herbs that are well known as powerful antioxidants. Our previous report demonstrated that it inhibits mast cell-derived inflammatory allergic reactions by blo...
Background and objectives: Hashimoto’s thyroiditis is an important autoimmune thyroid condition. It is characterized by lymphocytic congestion of the thyroid gland followed by progressive deterioration and fibrous substitution of the thyroid in...
Biomaterials are designed to replace and augment living tissues in order to provide functional support to skeletal deformities. However, wear debris produced from the interfaces of metal implants initiates inflammatory bone loss, causing periprosthet...
Introduction: Pro-inflammatory CD8+ T cells are increased in the lungs and also in the peripheral circulation of both smokers and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients. The reason for this is unclear but has been described as a spillo...
Acute serum amyloid A (SAA) is an apolipoprotein that mediates pro-inflammatory and pro-atherogenic pathways. SAA-mediated signalling is diverse and includes canonical and acute immunoregulatory pathways in a range of cell types and organs. This stud...
(1) Background: Heavy and chronic alcohol drinking leads to altered gut dysfunction, coupled with a pro-inflammatory state. Thyroid-associated hormones and proteins may be dysregulated by heavy and chronic alcohol intake; however, the mechanism for a...
The precise balance of Th1, Th2, and Th17 cytokines is a key factor in successful pregnancy and normal embryonic development. However, to date, not all humoral factors that regulate and influence physiological pregnancy have been completely studied....
Nogo-A (Rtn 4A), a member of the reticulon 4 (Rtn4) protein family, is a neurite outgrowth inhibitor protein that is primarily expressed in the central nervous system (CNS). However, previous studies revealed that Nogo-A was upregulated in skeletal m...
MicroRNA-146b-5p (miR-146b-5p) is up-regulated during and to suppress the inflammation process, although mechanisms involved in the action of miR-146b-5p have not been fully elucidated. This study examined the anti-inflammation effects of miR-146b-5p...
Calciprotein particles (CPPs) represent an inherent mineral buffering system responsible for the scavenging of excessive Ca2+ and PO43− ions in order to prevent extraskeletal calcification, although contributing to the development of endothelia...
Naegleria fowleri is a ubiquitous protozoa parasite that can cause primary amoebic meningoencephalitis (PAM), a fatal brain infection in humans. Cathepsin Bs of N. fowleri (NfCBs) are multifamily enzymes. Although their pathogenic mechanism in PAM is...
Despite progress in understanding how virus-induced, NF-κB-dependent pro-inflammatory cytokines are regulated, there are still factors and mechanisms that remain to be explored. We aimed to uncover the relationship between KRAB-zinc finger prot...
Background: Endothelial dysfunction and inflammation are associated with the progression of coronary artery disease (CAD) and the pathophysiology of acute coronary syndrome (ACS). We examined the prognostic role of endothelial function and pro-inflam...
Suspected detrimental health effects associated with ultrafine particles (UFPs) are impressive. However, epidemiological evidence is still limited. This is potentially due to challenges related to UFP exposure assessment and the lack of consensus on...
Wound infection is a major clinical challenge that can significantly delay the healing process, can create pain, and requires prolonged hospital stays. Pre-clinical research to evaluate new drugs normally involves animals. However, ethical concerns,...
Alphaviruses are a group of arboviruses that generate chronic inflammatory rheumatisms in humans. Currently, no approved vaccines or antiviral therapies are available to prevent or treat alphavirus-induced diseases. The aim of this study was to evalu...
This study was intended to assess the anti-inflammatory properties of 4-hydroxy-2,3-dimethyl-2-nonen-4-olide (Comp) isolated from Ulva pertusa Kjellman on production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Comp revealed remarkable inhibitory effects on produc...
Cathepsin S (CTSS) activity is increased in tears of Sjögren’s syndrome (SS) patients. This elevated CTSS may contribute to ocular surface inflammation. Human corneal epithelial cells (HCE-T cells) were treated with recombinant human CTSS...
High-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) infection, followed by chronic inflammation and oxidative stress, is a major risk factor of male infertility. In this study, we explored the potential impact of high-risk (HR) HPV genotypes in single infection...
Undiagnosed and untreated non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) can lead to the development of many complications, such as cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, or cardiovascular diseases. Obese people are at increased risk of developing NAFLD. Du...
In order to understand the immune response of largemouth bass against Micropterus salmoides Rhabdovirus (MSRV), assisting disease resistance breeding, three largemouth bass breeding varieties Micropterus salmoides “Youlu No 3” (U3), &ldqu...
JNJ-26366821, a novel thrombopoietin mimetic peptide (TPOm), is shown to increase platelets (PLTs) transiently in peripheral blood. We hypothesized that increases in PLT counts may involve stimulation of hematopoiesis via induction of cytokines, grow...
The potD gene, belonging to the well-conserved ABC (ATP-binding cassette) transport system potABCD, encodes the bacterial substrate-binding subunit of the polyamine transport system. In this study, we found PotD in Haemophilus (Glaesserella) parasuis...
Periodontal diseases are caused by bacterial infection and may progress to chronic dental disease; severe inflammation may result in bone loss. Therefore, it is necessary to prevent bacterial infection or control inflammation. Periodontal ligament fi...
Pro-inflammatory peptides (PIPs) play a pivotal role in the initiation, progression, and sustenance of inflammation. A more in-depth analysis of PIPs requires precise identification, for which computational methodologies have proven to be remarkably...
Background/Objectives: Unbalanced diets contribute to a rise in low-grade systemic inflammation, a risk factor for metabolic diseases. The aim of this study is to systematically review evidence from chronic intervention studies to understand the role...
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