Orography strongly interacts with the atmospheric circulation, especially during frontal events, generating an enhanced spatial variability of the rainfall field. Regional models of extreme rainfall have to deal with these circumstances in order to p...
Numerical weather prediction (NWP) has become an important method of predicting extreme weather events, but orography is one of the key factors affecting the performance of NWPs. In this paper, based on Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflec...
Intense meteorological events are the primary cause of geohazard phenomena in mountain areas. In this paper, we present a study of the intense rainfall event that occurred in the provinces of Lecco and Sondrio from 11 to 12 June 2019. The aim of our...
In recent years, the study of numerical weather prediction (NWP) in complex orographic areas has attracted a great deal of attention. Complex orography plays an important role in the occurrence and development of extreme rainfall events. In this stud...
In the Hokitika region, on the west coast of the South Island of New Zealand on 18 June 2015, very heavy stratiform precipitation (>200 mm/per day) occurred under north-westerlies with small CAPE (<25 J/kg). Analyses of model simulations and ob...
During the post-monsoon cyclone season, the landfalls of westward-moving cyclonic systems often lead to extreme rainfall over the east coast of the Indian peninsula. A stationary cyclonic system over the coast can produce heavy rainfall for several d...
Landslides are a persistent and destructive hazard in Angra dos Reis, located in the highlands of Rio de Janeiro State, southeastern Brazil, where steep slopes, intense orographic rainfall, and unregulated urban expansion converge to trigger recurren...
Remotely sensed data, including rainfall estimates and digital elevation models (DEMs), are increasingly available at various temporal and spatial scales, offering new opportunities for rainfall regionalization in regions with limited ground-based ob...
The rain drop size distribution (DSD) at Cherrapunji, Northeast India was observed by a laser optical disdrometer Parsivel 2 from May to October 2017; this town is known for the world’s heaviest orographic rainfall recorded. The disdrom...
The effect of mountainous regions with high elevation on hourly timescale rainfall presents great difficulties in flood forecasting and warning in mountainous areas. In this study, the hourly rainfall–elevation relationship of the regional scal...
To analyze the difference in the microphysical development characteristics of orographic rainfall, several Parsivel disdrometers were installed along the windward and leeward slope of a mountain. There were differences in the raindrop size distributi...
Critical hydrometeorological events are generally triggered by heavy precipitation. In complex terrain, precipitation may be perturbed by the upslope raising of the incoming humid airflow, causing in some cases extreme rainfall. In this work, the app...
Rainfalls are the result of complex cloud microphysical processes. Trying to estimate their intensity and duration is a key task necessary for assessing precipitation magnitude. Across mountains, extreme rainfalls may cause several side effects on th...
During February 2019, two severe storms affected the island of Crete, located in south Greece. Both storms produced excessive rainfall, provoking severe damages, especially in the western part of Crete. The role of the prevailing synoptic patterns an...
This paper describes the use of a unique spatio-temporally resolved precipitation and temperature dataset to assess the spatio-temporal dynamics of water resources over a period of almost seven decades across the Sierra Nevada mountain range, which i...
A high-resolution 3-D orographic precipitation model (OPM) forced by Climate Forecast System (CFS) reanalysis fields was developed for the Lake Kinneret watershed (Israel-Syria-Lebanon territories). The OPM was tuned to represent the interaction betw...
Accurate precipitation nowcasting is essential for short-term forecasting, but it remains challenging due to the dynamic nature of rainfall mechanisms. This study implements and evaluates two schemes for improving precipitation nowcasting: (1) an adv...
Mediterranean regions are prone to heavy rainfall, flash floods, and erosion issues. Drop size distribution (DSD) is a key element for studying these phenomena through the hydrological variables which can be derived from it (rainfall rates and totals...
Storm separation is a key step when carrying out storm transposition analysis for Probable Maximum Precipitation (PMP) estimation in mountainous areas. The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) has recommended the step-duration-orographic-intensifi...
The lower Yarlung Zangbo River Basin’s Great Bend region, characterized by extreme topography and intense orographic precipitation processes, presents significant challenges for accurate precipitation estimation using reanalysis products. There...
This paper investigates how stationary gravity waves generated by flow over orography enhance rainfall, with particular attention to the role of induced waves in the melting level. The findings reveal a new mechanism by which gravity wave flow focuse...
Near-surface winds around the mountainous Caribbean islands contribute to orographic lifting and thermal diurnal rainfall that requires mesoscale analysis. Here, a new perspective is presented via high-resolution satellite and reanalysis products. Si...
The Typhoon Nakri passed the Jeju Island in Korea (1–3 August 2014) and recorded one-day rainfall of 1182 mm at Witse-Oreum (a place name where a small volcanic cone is) of the Hallasan Mountain, Korea. This one-day rainfall amount was the highest ra...
The precipitation systems that pass over mountains develop rapidly due to the forcible ascent caused by the topography, and spatial rainfall distribution differences occur due to the local development of the system because of the topography. In order...
In this study, we examined the sensitivity of tropical cyclone (TC) characteristics and precipitation to the Cordillera Mountain Range (CMR) in Luzon, Philippines. Using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model, we simulated eight TCs with fo...
Oxygen isotopic composition is useful for individuating recharge areas of groundwater bodies by the comparison with those of local rainfalls. While on a global scale general relationships, such as the isotopic vertical gradient or continentality effe...
The great success of the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) and its successor Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) has accelerated the development of global high-resolution satellite-based precipitation products (SPP). However, the quantita...
Accurate and consistent rainfall observations are vital for climatological studies in support of better agricultural and water management decision-making and planning. In East Africa, accurate rainfall estimation with an adequate spatial distribution...
This study models the spatiotemporal heterogeneity of extreme rainfall over the Korean Peninsula using the generalised additive extreme value models (EVGAM) to address the limitations of traditional stationary approaches under climate change. Analyzi...
Extreme rainfall events cause diverse loss of life and economic losses. These disasters include flooding, landslides, and erosion. For these intense rainfall events, one can statistically estimate the time when a given rainfall volume will occur. Ini...
Aquifers recharge mainly by local rainfall, which depend on the air mass humidity and orographic lifting, causing rain. The stable isotopes of the water molecule, i.e., oxygen-18 and deuterium, are useful tracers to determine the water source origin....
Cloud seeding activities have been carried out in the form of experiments and operation activities as part of water resource management in some parts of the world. Recently, a new method of cloud seeding using a ground-based generator (GBG) was intro...
Spatial patterns of shallow landslide initiation reflect both spatial patterns of heavy rainfall and areas susceptible to mass movements. We determine the areas most susceptible to shallow landslide occurrence through the calculation of critical soil...
In this study, half-hourly Global Precipitation Mission (GPM) satellite precipitation data were downscaled to produce high-resolution daily rainfall data for tropical coastal micro-watersheds (100–1000 ha) without gauges or with rainfall data c...
We use a case study to show that a continuous heavy rainfall process in southern China was closely related to tropical cyclone activity in the Bay of Bengal. The continuous heavy rainfall that occurred in southern China on 11–13 May 2002 can be...
While rainfall occurs for several reasons, climate change and urbanization influence its frequency and geographical disparities. Although recent research suggests that urbanization may lead to increased rainfall, insights into how urbanization can tr...
It is still a challenge to provide spatially explicit predictions of climate parameters in African regions of complex relief, where meteorological information is scarce. Here we predict rainfall, temperature, and reference evapotranspiration (ETo) fo...
Extreme rainfall in urban areas can cause major economic damage, a problem expected to intensify with climate change. Despite this, high-resolution studies at the city scale remain limited. This study analyzes rainfall organization and storm dynamics...
An extremely heavy rainfall event hit Guangdong province, China, from 27 August to 1 September 2018. There were two different extreme rain regions, respectively, at the Pearl River estuary and eastern Guangdong, and a record-breaking daily precipitat...
In the Central Andes of Peru, convective and stratiform rainfall occurs, frequently associated with convective storms. The raindrop size distributions (RSD), measured by a Parsivel-2 optical disdrometer, were characterized by the variation of their n...
The winter climate of the northeastern Dominican Republic features steady rainfall, which sustains cash crop production. Using a representative season, December 2016–February 2017, the mesoscale climate is characterized by high-resolution reana...
In light of the lack of ground-based observations, this study utilizes reanalysis data from the CHIRPS database and CMIP6 models under the SSP5-8.5 scenario to predict future rainfall in the Beni–Irumu region of eastern DR Congo. The use of rea...
In recent years, the frequency and intensity of global extreme weather events have gradually increased, leading to significant changes in urban rainfall patterns. The uneven distribution of rainfall has caused varying degrees of water security issues...
Extreme rainfall has caused severe road damage and landslide disasters in mountainous areas. Rainfall forecasting derived from remote sensing data has been widely adopted for disaster prevention and early warning as a trend in recent years. By integr...
Ethiopia and South Sudan contain several population centers and important ecosystems that depend on July–August rainfall. Here we use two models to understand current and future rainfall: the first ever pan-African numerical model of climate ch...
This study evaluates the performance of two planetary boundary parameterizations in simulating the mean climate of West Africa using the Regional Climate Model version 5 (RegCM5). These planetary boundary parameterizations are the Holtslag scheme and...
Precipitation is a crucial driver for many environmental processes and weather radars are capable of providing precipitation information with high spatial and temporal resolution. However, radar-based quantitative precipitation estimates (QPE) are al...
An Infrared (IR)-passive microwave (PMW) blended technique is developed to derive precipitation estimates over the Asia-Pacific domain through calibrating the temperature of brightness blackbody from the Japanese Himawari-8 satellite to precipitation...
The NASA/JAXA Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) has been in operation for over 17 years since 1997. The length of TRMM is far shorter than those from ground observations, raising a question as to whether TRMM derived climatology products are...
During the early summer rainy season over Taiwan, three types of low-level jets are observed, including a synoptic low-level jet (SLLJ) situated in the 850–700 hPa layer in the frontal zone, a marine boundary layer jet (MBLJ) embedded within th...
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