The 3D measuring range and accuracy in traditional active optical sensing, such as Fourier transform profilometry, are influenced by the zero frequency of the captured patterns. The phase-shifting technique is commonly applied to remove the zero comp...
Improvement of nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) via active optical sensors has gained attention in recent decades, with the focus of optimizing nitrogen (N) input while simultaneously sustaining crop yields. To the authors’ knowledge, a comprehens...
Active-optical sensor readings from an N non-limiting area standard established within a farm field are used to predict yield in the standard. Lower yield predictions from sensor readings obtained from other parts of the field outside of the N non-li...
A thin McKibben artificial muscle is a pneumatic actuator with an outer diameter of only 1.8 mm. We fabricated a string-shaped actuator called an “active string actuator,” which achieves a high contractile displacement by accumulating thi...
We have fabricated a string-shaped actuator called “Active string” that has high contractile displacement/force by accumulating thin pneumatic artificial muscles using the string production process. However, displacement control of the ac...
The total biomass of a tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea var. Fletcher) pasture was assessed by using a vehicle mounted light detection and ranging (LiDAR) unit to derive canopy height and an active optical reflectance sensor to determine the spectro-...
This paper presents a cover lens concept for camera modules based on surface acoustic waves (SAW) to mitigate the degradation of physical AI optical sensor field-of-view performance caused by surface contamination. The proposed approach utilizes a si...
This study provides a comprehensive review of the efforts utilized in the measurement of water quality parameters (WQPs) with a focus on total dissolved solids (TDS) and total suspended solids (TSS). The current method used in the measurement of TDS...
Compensation of the temperature dependence of the Verdet constant in a polarimetric extrinsic Faraday sensor is of major importance for applying the magneto-optical effect to AC current measurements and magnetic field sensing. This paper presents a m...
To improve the low-frequency isolation performance of optical platforms, an electromagnetic active-negative-stiffness generator (EANSG) was proposed, using nano-resolution laser interferometry sensors to monitor the micro-vibration of an optical plat...
Measurement of energy expenditure is an important tool in sport science and medicine, especially when trying to estimate the extent and intensity of physical activity. However, most approaches still rely on sensors or markers, placed directly on the...
Monitoring the spatial variability of agricultural variables is a main step in implementing precision agriculture practices. Active optical sensors (AOS), with their instrumentation directly on agricultural machines, are suitable and make it possible...
The measurement of oxygen consumption is an important element in the understanding of an organism’s metabolic state. Oxygen is also a phosphorescence quencher, which allows the evaluation of phosphorescence emitted by oxygen sensors. Two Ru(II)...
Optical fibre sensors have the potential to be overly sensitive and responsive, making them useful in various applications to detect the presence of pollutants in the environment, toxic gasses, or pesticides in soil. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) as bi...
A novel series of benzoxazole-derived iminocoumarins was synthesized via a Knoevenagel condensation and fully characterized using NMR, UV–Vis spectroscopy, and computational methods. Their photophysical properties were systematically examined i...
Montado is an agro-forestry system occupying a large surface in countries of the Mediterranean region. In this system, the natural dryland pasture is the principal source for animal feed in extensive grazing. The climatic seasonality associated with...
Agricultural drought is triggered by a depletion of moisture content in the soil, which hinders photosynthesis and thus increases carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations in the atmosphere. The aim of this study is to analyze the relationship between soil...
The nitrogen (N) nutrition index (NNI) is a reliable indicator of crop N status and there is an urgent need to develop efficient technologies for non-destructive estimation of NNI to support the practical applications of precision N management strate...
Active optical sensing (LIDAR and light curtain transmission) devices mounted on a mobile platform can correctly detect, localize, and classify trees. To conduct an evaluation and comparison of the different sensors, an optical encoder wheel was used...
Remote sensing methods have the potential to improve lake water quality monitoring and decision-making in water management. This review discusses the use of remote sensing methods for monitoring and assessing water quality in lakes. It explains the p...
Gas sensing is essential for detecting and measuring gas concentrations across various environments, with applications in environmental monitoring, industrial safety, and healthcare. The integration of two-dimensional (2D) materials, organic material...
Anthropogenic toxic vapour and gases are a worldwide threat for human health and to the environment. Therefore, it is crucial to develop highly sensitive devices that guarantee their rapid detection. Here, we prepared redox-switchable colloids by the...
The successful development of an optimal canopy vegetation index dynamic model for obtaining higher yield can offer a technical approach for real-time and nondestructive diagnosis of rice (Oryza sativa L) growth and nitrogen (N) nutrition status. In...
While traditional soil water sensors measure soil water content (SWC) at point scale, the actively heated fiber-optics (AHFO) sensor measures the SWC at field scale. This study compared the performance of a distributed (e.g., AHFO) and a point-based...
The demand for bendable sensors increases constantly in the challenging field of soft and micro-scale robotics. We present here, in more detail, the flexible, functional, insect-inspired curved artificial compound eye (CurvACE) that was previously in...
The intensification of the Montado mixed ecosystem (agro–silvo–pastoral) is a current endeavor in the context of promoting the sustainability of extensive livestock production in the Mediterranean region. Increased pasture productivity an...
The accurate depth imaging of piled products provides essential perception for the automated selection of individual objects that require itemized food processing, such as fish, crabs, or fruit. Traditional depth imaging techniques, such as Time-of-F...
This work studies the application of low-cost noise reduction algorithms for the data processing of distributed acoustic sensors (DAS). It presents an improvement of the previously described methodology using the activation function of neurons, which...
In this scientific publication, a new sensor approach for status monitoring, such as state of charge and state of health, of lithium ion batteries by using special Bragg gratings inscribed into standard optical glass fibers is presented. In addition...
This work presents a numerical simulation of a Hartmann-Shack wavefront sensor (WFS) that assesses the impact of integrated electronic circuitry on the sensor performance, by evaluating a full detection chain encompassing wavefront sampling, photodet...
tris-[(4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline)ruthenium(II)] dichloride (Ru(DPP)3Cl2), a fluorescent sensor which is sensitive to the amount of oxygen in the sample, was applied using the fluorescent optical respirometry (FOR) technique. The oxygen in the...
Estimating crop nitrogen (N) status with sensors can be useful to adjust fertilizer levels to crop requirements, reducing farmers’ costs and N losses to the environment. In this study, we evaluated the potential of hyperspectral indices obtained from...
We present a network of sites across Fennoscandia for optical sampling of vegetation properties relevant for phenology monitoring and satellite data calibration. The network currently consists of five sites, distributed along an N-S gradient through...
In situ and remote-sensing measurements have been used to characterize the run-up phase and the phenomena that occurred during the August–November 2014 flank eruption at Stromboli. Data comprise videos recorded by the visible and infrared camer...
In this paper, we have briefly review the developing history and recent advances made with regard to helical long-period fiber gratings (HLPGs) in three aspects, i.e., the mode-coupling theories, the fabrication techniques, and the applications. It i...
A scour monitoring system for subsea pipeline based on active thermometry is proposed in this paper. The temperature reading of the proposed system is based on a distributed Brillouin optical fiber sensing technique. A thermal cable acts as the main...
Recently, neuromorphic sensors, which convert analogue signals to spiking frequencies, have been reported for neurorobotics. In bio-inspired systems these sensors are connected to the main neural unit to perform post-processing of the sensor data. Th...
The accumulation of heavy metals in the human body and/or in the environment can be highly deleterious for mankind, and currently, considerable efforts have been made to develop reliable and sensitive techniques for their detection. Among the detecti...
A novel chiral 1,10-phenanthroline-based fluorescent sensor was designed and synthesized from optical active β-amino acids. It used 1,10-phenanthroline moiety as a fluorescent signaling site and binding site, with optically active β-amino acids as a...
Applying fiber-optics on surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensors is aimed at practical usability over conventional SPR sensors. Recently, field localization techniques using nanostructures or nanoparticles have been investigated on optical fibers for...
This paper contains the design of active optical lenses used for the detection of arc flashing emissions. The phenomenon of an arc flashing emission and its characteristics were contemplated. Methods of preventing these emissions in electric power sy...
Recently, a new class of two-dimensional (2D) materials known as MXenes, such as Ti3C2Tx, have received significant attention due to their exceptional structural and physiochemical properties. MXenes are widely used in a variety of applications, incl...
Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) have attracted considerable attention as promising materials for electrochemical and optical sensors owing to their excellent catalytic properties, facile synthesis strategies, highly tunable morphology, and versatile...
The paper presents a set of tests carried out in order to evaluate the design characteristics and the operating performance of a set of six X-ray extrinsic optical fiber sensors. The extrinsic sensor we developed is intended to be used as a low energ...
Nanomotion sensors have emerged as a pivotal technology in microbiology and biology, leveraging advances in nanotechnology, microelectronics, and optics to provide a highly sensitive, label-free detection of biological activity and interactions. Thes...
The image resolution is the most important performance parameter for an aerial optoelectronic sensor. Existing thermal control methods cannot eliminate the sensor’s temperature gradient, making the image resolution difficult to further improve....
An accurate design of an innovative fiber optic temperature sensor is developed. The sensor is based on a cascade of three microstructured optical fibers (MOFs). In the first one a suitable cascade of long period gratings is designed into the core. A...
This work reports on the application of a distributed fiber-optic strain sensor for long-term monitoring of a railway tunnel affected by an active earthflow. The sensor has been applied to detect the strain distribution along an optical fiber attache...
The generation of lossy mode resonances (LMR) with a metallic oxide film deposited on an optical fiber has attracted the attention of many applications. However, an LMR-based optical fiber sensor is frangible, and therefore it does not allow control...
This work proposes a 3D shaped optic fiber sensor for ultrasonic stress waves detection based on the principle of a Mach–Zehnder interferometer. This sensor can be used to receive acoustic emission signals in the passive damage detection method...
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