38 Results Found

Military settlements along the Ming Great Wall are typical representatives of the construction of the ancient Chinese military defense system. The location of the military fortification is complex, and the settlements are scattered and affected by mu...

Military settlements are an integral part of the military defense system of the Ming Great Wall, and the spatial layout of their constituent elements embodies the wisdom of ancient military geography. However, existing studies have predominantly focu...

Defensiveness is a pivotal characteristic of traditional military settlements in ancient China, influenced by various factors linked to settlement construction and the occurrence of battles. Previous studies have typically focused on specific periods...

Unlike residential settlements, Chinese traditional defensive settlements (CTDS) are fortress-shaped settlements built by forefathers to resist invasion and defend their homeland. What remains of these settlements today are not only unique defensive...

The maritime defence settlements of the Ming Dynasty are a key component of China’s military cultural heritage. This study examines the three coastal defence sectors of Fujian by establishing a three-tier evaluation framework utilising GIS spat...

The Great Wall of China is more than a wall: it is an extensive cultural route. Pass cities, which are usually large defensive fortresses overseeing an entire fortified area, are an essential part of this heritage and are at the core of the Great Wal...

This study aims to examine the methodological applicability of the Theory of Inventive Problem Solving (TRIZ) in the conservation and revitalization of traditional military settlements. Using Zhenjing Village in Jingbian County as a case, the researc...

The cultural landscape of Gubeikou, with distinct historical stratification and event-relatedness, bears unique value. Against the backdrop of increasingly prominent themes of cultural heritage development and transformation, research on Gubeikou&rsq...

The settlements of the Great Wall are the product of the overlap of ancient Chinese agricultural civilization and non-agricultural civilization. The structure of the settlement system is of great value for understanding the law of defense engineering...

Settlements are the fundamental structural components of the Northwest and Southwest Routes, which were important defensive sectors of the Jin Dynasty’s Great Wall defense system. Under the Jurchen rule, these settlements function as special co...

The Roman site of Carnuntum was once a flourishing center on the frontiers of the Roman Empire. In its heyday as the capital of the province of Pannonia superior, Carnuntum probably covered an area of almost 9 km2. The whole site was divided into a m...

The topic of military settlements and the role of troops in the northern provinces of North Africa during the age of the Roman Empire has recently gained a strong interest in historical, archaeological, epigraphical, and economic studies. In particul...

The paper is aimed at the variability of historical landscape elements on the territory of the selected extinct settlements, to classify and to evaluate their development in the context of changes in anthropic pressure between the years 1945 and 2022...

Research on the characteristics and functions of ancient Juntun (military tillage) has paid limited attention to the distribution patterns and influencing factors of Juntun in specific regions. This study employs a comprehensive approach integrating...

The Grand Canal of China, as a traffic artery in ancient China, has exerted profound influence on the development of the cities, towns and rural settlements along it. Now, with China’s rapid urbanization, numerous settlements along the canal ar...

The vegetation of settlements can be particularly important for ecology and cityscapes and also plays a role in shaping and structuring the fabric of the settlement. However, there are very few settlements where the nature of woody vegetation is a de...

Despite two centuries of urbanisation worldwide, 45% of the world’s people still live in rural areas. Driven by urban development, the form and structure of rural settlements have undergone drastic changes. Reasonable planning according to the...

The fortified hilltop settlement of Monkodonja, located near Rovinj on the west coast of Istria, Croatia, provides insight into Bronze Age occupation and conflict in the Adriatic region. Established around 2000 BC, as evidenced by a series of C14 dat...

Between 1945 and 1955, Austria, like Germany, was divided into four zones under the control of the Soviet Union, the United States of America, Britain, and France. This article discusses marriages between British “occupiers” and Austrian...

A large part of the population in low-income countries (LICs) lives in fragile and conflict-affected states. Many cities in these states show high growth dynamics, but little is known about the relation of conflicts and urban growth. In Afghanistan,...

When applying traditional criteria of Roman urbanism, several settlements in the province of Moesia are not recognised as parts of the urban network. To avoid this, previous criteria of urbanism should be revised. This paper suggests revisions, which...

Throughout history, humans have used the environment to build structures for defense. Fortifications are clear examples of buildings created to better protect important settlements and homes. Over time, these structures have gone beyond their origina...

For the first time, the numerous scattered data on birds (wild and domestic) have been collected based on their medieval bone remains discovered on the modern territory of the Republic of Bulgaria. The collected information is about a total of 37 med...

The archaeological investigations conducted at the medieval site of San Lorenzo in Carmignano, just outside the city of Foggia, Italy, fall within a broader context of archaeological research on earthworks in the Middle Ages, in the area of the Tavol...

In regional traditional landscape studies where continuous literature and physical relics are scarce, image-based materials serve as a crucial medium for reconstructing historical spatial structures. This study focuses on the sandbar polder landscape...

Guomari fortress in eastern Qinghai Province exemplifies vernacular architecture shaped by multiethnic interaction, environmental adaptation, and localized defense strategies. Originally a Ming Dynasty military-agricultural outpost, it evolved into a...

This paper reports the first evidence of the presence of the mineral tremolite asbestos in Roman building materials from the Micia archaeological site (Romania), thus contributing to the understanding of the implications of ancient building materials...

Background/Objectives: The opioid crisis has disproportionately impacted U.S. military veterans, who face heightened risks of opioid use disorder and overdose due to chronic pain and mental health conditions. The pharmaceutical industry’s role in mis...

The antiquarian Martín de Ximena Jurado was a pioneer in the historical cartography of the old Kingdom of Jaén (Andalusia, Spain), where he tried to represent emblematic areas with their military defences with his particular graphic lan...

Traditional villages are irreplaceable cultural heritage sites, and studying their architectural spatial networks is key to preserving both the villages and their culture. This research focuses on four Bouyei villages in Central Guizhou, using social...

Human–environment interactions in antiquity were fundamentally shaped by environmental constraints, with spatial patterns of human construction works reflecting strategic resource optimization. This study employed Geographic Information System...

Following a targeted campaign of violence by Myanmar military, police, and local militias, more than half a million Rohingya refugees have fled to neighboring Bangladesh since August 2017, joining thousands of others living in overcrowded settlement...

Art is the most aesthetic creation produced by humankind, and it is quite unthinkable that art should exist independently of religion. Even in works of a profane nature, a sense of divinity can still be felt at some level. In the revealed religions&m...

This study investigated the main aspects and consequences of urban regeneration in the context of sustainable development, using the example of the town of Tivat, whose radical urban transformation was initiated in the post-referendum transition peri...

Woody plants have increased in density and extent in rangelands worldwide since the 1800s, and land managers increasingly remove woodland plants in hopes of restoring pre-settlement conditions and/or improved forage for grazing livestock. Because suc...

In recent decades, the creation and availability of Voluntary Geographic Information (VGI) have changed the paradigm associated with the production of Geospatial Information (GI), since, due to its free access, citizens can view, analyse, process, an...

Marine protected areas are commonly seen as the most effective strategy for protecting mangroves from external human pressures but little is known about the role of public land-tenure contexts (dense settlements, agricultural or range lands and wild...

Natural and social environment changes have played important roles in social evolution in different times and spaces. Geopolitical change, in particular, might play a decisive role in social evolution during historical periods. The eastern Tienshan M...