22,305 Results Found

Different methodological approaches are available to assess DNA methylation biomarkers. In this study, we evaluated two sodium bisulfite conversion-dependent methods, namely pyrosequencing and methylation-specific qPCR (MS-qPCR), with the aim of meas...

DNA methylation is a heritable epigenetic mark that plays a key role in regulating gene expression. Mathematical modeling has been extensively applied to unravel the regulatory mechanisms of this process. In this study, we aimed to investigate DNA me...

DNA methylation is a major epigenetic modification that is strongly involved in the physiological control of genome expression. DNA methylation patterns are largely modified in cancer cells and can therefore be used to distinguish cancer cells from n...

Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) methylation is an epigenetic alteration crucial for regulating stress responses. Identifying large-scale DNA methylation at single nucleotide resolution is made possible by whole genome bisulfite sequencing. An essential t...

The repair protein O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) is regulated epigenetically, mainly by the methylation of the MGMT promoter. MGMT promoter methylation status has emerged as a prognostic and predictive biomarker for patients with newl...

Textbook and scientific papers addressing DNA methylation usually still cite “DNA methylation occurs at CpG cytosines”. Methylation at cytosines outside the CpG nucleotide, the so-called “non-CpG methylation”, is usually consi...

DNA methylation is an epigenetic mechanism that is essential for regulating gene transcription. However, aberrant DNA methylation, which is a nearly universal finding in cancer, can result in disturbed gene expression. DNA methylation is modified by...

Arginine methylation is a crucial post-translational modification (PTM) that plays a significant role in various biological processes. It occurs in two primary forms: mono-methylation (MMA) and di-methylation (DMA), with the latter further classified...

DNA methylation maintains genome stability and regulates gene expression in plants. RNA-directed DNA methylation (RdDM) is critical for appropriate methylation. However, no efficient tools are available for the investigation of the functions of speci...

Methylation of cytosine in CpG dinucleotides is the major DNA modification in mammalian cells that is a key component of stable epigenetic marks. This modification, which on the one hand is reversible, while on the other hand, can be maintained throu...

The aims were to profile the DNA methylation in colorectal cancer (CRC) and to explore cancer-specific methylation biomarkers. Fifty-four pairs of CRCs and the adjacent normal tissues were subjected to Infinium Human Methylation 450K assay and analys...

Methylation is a biochemical process involving the addition of methyl groups to proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids (both DNA and RNA). DNA methylation predominantly occurs on cytosine and adenine nucleobases, and the resulting products—most fr...

Epitranscriptomic mechanisms, which constitute an important layer in post-transcriptional gene regulation, are involved in numerous cellular processes under health and disease such as stem cell development or cancer. Among various such mechanisms, RN...

DNA methylation is critical for the normal development and functioning of the human brain, such as the proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells, synaptic plasticity, neuronal reparation, learning, and memory. Despite the physical stabil...

Autotaxin (ATX) encoded by Ectonucleotide Pyrophosphatase/Phosphodiesterase 2 (ENPP2) is a key enzyme in Lysophosphatidic Acid (LPA) synthesis implicated in cancer. Although its aberrant expression has been reported, ENPP2 methylation profiles in hea...

Despite the improvements in tool development for DNA methylation analysis, there is a lack of a consensus on computational and statistical models used for differentially methylated cytosine (DMC) identification. This variability complicates the inter...

The diverse methylation modifications of DNA, histones and RNA have emerged as pivotal regulatory mechanisms of gene expression in multiple biological processes at the epigenetic level. They function by coordinating gene expression through impacting...

Staphylococcus chromogenes (SC) is a common coagulase-negative staphylococcus described as an emerging mastitis pathogen and commonly found in dairy farms. This study investigated the potential involvement of DNA methylation in subclinical mastitis c...

It is still unclear to which extent methyl-group intake during pregnancy can affect maternal global DNA (hydroxyl)methylation. Pregnancy methylation profiling and its link with methyl-group intake in a healthy population could enhance our understandi...

Contention exists within the field of oncology with regards to gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) tumors, as in the past, they have been classified as gastric cancer, esophageal cancer, or a combination of both. Misclassifications of GEJ tumors ultimate...

DNA methylation is an epigenetic modification of the genome, with methylation-based biomarkers showing promise for cancer detection. Quantitative Methylation-Specific PCR (qMSP) is widely used to assess DNA methylation; however, its application to li...

Aging and cancer, though distinct biological processes, share overlapping molecular pathways, particularly in epigenetic regulation. Among these, DNA methylation is central to mediating gene expression, maintaining cellular identity, and regulating g...

Single-cell transcriptome studies have revealed immune dysfunction in COVID-19 patients, including lymphopenia, T cell exhaustion, and increased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, while DNA methylation plays an important role in the regulation of...

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) has been postulated to increase the risk for type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease and cancer. Adipose tissue (AT) plays an important role in metabolic homeostasis, and AT dysfunction has an active role in metabolic diseas...

Multiple metrics for read-level DNA methylation pattern analysis have provided new insights into DNA methylation modifications. However, the performance of these metrics and their relationship with DNA methylation ratios in identifying biologically m...

Methylation of several lysine residues of histones is a crucial mechanism for relatively long-term regulation of genomic activity. Recent molecular biological studies have demonstrated that the function of histone methylation is more diverse and comp...

(1) Background: Epithelial–mesenchymal plasticity (EMP) is a dynamic process whereby epithelial carcinoma cells reversibly acquire morphological and invasive characteristics typical of mesenchymal cells. Identifying the methylation differences betwee...

Epigenetic alterations affect the onset of ischemic stroke, brain injury after stroke, and mechanisms of poststroke recovery. In particular, DNA methylation can be dynamically altered by maintaining normal brain function or inducing abnormal brain da...

DNA methylation is an epigenetic mechanism that involves the addition of a methyl group to a cytosine residue in CpG dinucleotides, which are particularly abundant in gene promoter regions. Several studies have highlighted the role that modifications...

The role of DNA methylation in mollusks is just beginning to be understood. This review synthesizes current knowledge on this potent molecular hallmark of epigenetic control in gastropods—the largest class of mollusks and ubiquitous inhabitants...

DNA methylation is an important epigenetic mark involved in gene regulation and silencing of transposable elements. The presence or absence of DNA methylation at specific sites can influence nearby gene expression and cause phenotypic changes that re...

Background: The gonads of Chrysemys picta, a turtle with temperature-dependent sex determination (TSD), exhibit differential DNA methylation between males and females, but whether the same is true in somatic tissues remains unknown. Such differential...

Tail docking, serving as an important management intervention in animal husbandry, plays a significant role in regulating tail fat deposition and improving production performance and health status in fat-tailed sheep. This study systematically reveal...

DNA and RNA methylation play a vital role in the transcriptional regulation of various cell types including the differentiation and function of immune cells involved in pro- and anti-cancer immunity. Interactions of tumor and immune cells in the tumo...

DNA methylation is an epigenetic mechanism by which methyl groups are added to DNA, playing a crucial role in gene expression regulation. The aim of the present study is to compare methylation status of healthy subjects with that of patients with Alz...

Background/Objectives: Cirrhosis is the precursor to most cases of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Understanding the mechanisms leading to the transition from cirrhosis to HCC and identifying key biomarkers is crucial to developing effective screenin...

Plants adapt to adverse conditions through a series of physiological, cellular, and molecular processes, culminating in stress tolerance. However, little is known about the associated regulatory mechanisms at the epigenetic level in maize under lead...

Endometriosis is a chronic gynaecological disease characterised by endometrial-like tissue found external to the uterus. While several studies have reported strong evidence of a genetic contribution to the disease, studies on the environmental impact...

Recently, accumulating evidence has supported that circular RNA (circRNA) plays important roles in tumorigenesis by regulating gene expression at transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. Expression of circRNAs can be epigenetically silenced b...

DNA methylation in mammals is essential for numerous biological functions, such as ensuring chromosomal stability, genomic imprinting, and X-chromosome inactivation through transcriptional regulation. Gene knockout of DNA methyltransferases and demet...

DNA methylation may play a critical role in aging and age-related diseases. DNA methylation phenotypic age (DNAmPhenoAge) is a new aging biomarker and predictor of chronic disease risk. While smoking is a strong risk factor for chronic diseases and i...

5-methyl cytosine (5mC) is a key epigenetic mark entwined with gene expression and the specification of cellular phenotypes. Its distribution around gene promoters sets a barrier for transcriptional enhancers or inhibitor proteins binding to their ta...

Metformin, which is used as a first line treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), has been shown to affect epigenetic patterns. In this study, we investigated the DNA methylation and potential lncRNA modifications in metformin-treated and newly...

Gain and loss of DNA methylation in cells is a dynamic process that tends to achieve an equilibrium. Many factors are involved in maintaining the balance between DNA methylation and demethylation. Previously, it was shown that methyl-DNA protein Kais...

Physical activity is a strong stimulus influencing the overall physiology of the human body. Exercises lead to biochemical changes in various tissues and exert an impact on gene expression. Exercise-induced changes in gene expression may be mediated...

HOX genes are commonly known for their role in embryonic development, defining the positional identity of most structures along the anterior–posterior axis. In postembryonic life, HOX gene aberrant expression can affect several processes involv...

The pineal gland-derived indoleamine hormone, melatonin, regulates multiple cellular processes, ranging from chronobiology, proliferation, apoptosis, and oxidative damage to pigmentation, immune regulation, and mitochondrial metabolism. While melaton...

DNA methylation in the human genome is largely programmed and shaped by transcription factor binding and interaction between DNA methyltransferases and histone marks during gamete and embryo development. Normal methylation profiles can be modified at...

miRNAs are some of the most well-characterized regulators of gene expression. Integral to several physiological processes, their aberrant expression often drives the pathogenesis of both benign and malignant diseases. Similarly, DNA methylation repre...

DNA methylation (5-methylcytosine, 5mC) is a major form of DNA modification in the mammalian genome that plays critical roles in chromatin structure and gene expression. In general, DNA methylation is stably maintained in somatic tissues. However, DN...