Background: Developmental toxicity is defined as adverse effects induced either during pregnancy or as a result of parental exposure. While considerable attention has been devoted to maternal exposure to such chemicals, the role of paternal exposure...
Background/Objectives: The attention of world science has been focused on human umbilical cord blood cell (hUCB) products for the treatment of various human diseases. The prospects for using hUCB stem from the availability of the material, non-invasi...
Micro(nano)plastics (MNPs) pose a significant threat to both ecological environments and human health. This review systematically examines the developmental toxicity of MNPs in mammals, with a particular focus on the impact of maternal and paternal e...
Carbendazim (CAR) and enrofloxacin (ENF) are frequently detected in fruits and meat products, respectively. Since most people consume fruits, vegetables, and meat products, combined exposure is possible, necessitating further evaluation of toxic inte...
Triadimefon is a widely used triazole fungicide known to cause severe developmental defects in several model organisms and in humans. The present study evaluated in detail the developmental effects seen in zebrafish embryos exposed to triadimefon, co...
The increasing emphasis on animal welfare and ethics, as well as the considerable time and cost involved with animal testing, have prompted the replacement of many aspects of animal testing with alternative methods. In the area of developmental toxic...
Calcium nitrate tetrahydrate, used in fertilizers, wastewater treatment, and concrete admixtures, has limited toxicity data despite extensive industrial use. This study evaluated its repeated-dose and reproductive/developmental toxicity in Sprague Da...
The embryonic zebrafish is a useful vertebrate model for assessing the effects of substances on growth and development. However, cross-laboratory developmental toxicity outcomes can vary and reported developmental defects in zebrafish may not be dire...
Tanshinone IIA (Tan-IIA) is derived from the dried roots of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge, a traditional Chinese medicine. Although Salvia miltiorrhiza has been applied for many years, the toxicity of the mono-constituent of Salvia miltiorrhiza, tanshino...
Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) is a conductive polymer commonly used in various technological applications. However, its impact on aquatic ecosystems remains largely unexplored. In this study, we investigated the...
A teratogenic agent or teratogen can disturb the development of an embryo or a fetus. Fumonisin B1 (FB1), produced by Fusarium verticillioides and F. proliferatum, is among the most commonly seen mycotoxins and contaminants from stale maize and other...
N, N-Dimethylaniline is an important chemical intermediate and an important metabolite of the pesticide Fenaminosulf. It is widely used in chemical production, but there is an extreme paucity of environmental risk assessments for N, N-dimethylaniline...
Microcystin-LR (MCLR) poses a significant threat to aquatic ecosystems and public health. This study investigated the protective effects of the probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus against MCLR-induced developmental toxicity in zebrafish larvae. Zebrafi...
With the growing dependence on lithium-ion batteries, there is an urgent need to understand the potential developmental toxicity of LiPF6, a key component of these batteries. Although lithium’s toxicity is well-established, the biological toxic...
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) are diverse environmental pollutants associated with adverse human health effects. Many studies focus on the carcinogenic effects of a limited number of PAHs and there is an increasing need to understand mechan...
Benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) is a widespread and persistent organic pollutant that poses serious threats to human health. Although its carcinogenic properties have been extensively studied, its developmental toxicity and underlying mechanisms remain poorly...
Mercury (Hg), as the most potentially hazardous heavy metal, has accumulated in the aquatic environment and has caused concern about its safety. To test the toxic effects of mercury chloride (Hg2+) on rare minnow (Gobiocypris rarus), the acute toxici...
Antiepileptic drugs affect embryonic development when administered during pregnancy, generating severe alterations, such as as cleft lip, spina bifida, heart abnormalities, or neuronal alterations. The compound DL-4-hydroxy-4-phenylhexanamide (DL-HEP...
Today, it is recognized that medicines will eventually be needed during pregnancy to help prevent to, ameliorate or treat an illness, either due to gestation-related medical conditions or pre-existing diseases. Adding to that, the rate of drug prescr...
Cadmium (Cd), a harmful heavy metal that has no biological purpose, can harm healthy fetal and child development. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), the most abundant polyphenol in tea, has been shown to increase cell viability under Cd exposure and...
Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) is a representative persistent organic pollutant that exerts toxic effects on aquatic organisms. As an alternative to PFOS, sodium p-perfluorous nonenoxybenzene sulfonate (OBS) has been frequently detected in aquatic...
Polyhexamethylene guanidine (PHMG), a major component of humidifier disinfectants (HDs), is responsible for the outbreak of pulmonary diseases in pregnant women and children in South Korea. This study aims to characterize the developmental toxicity a...
C10 massoia lactone (C10) is the main component of massoia essential oil derived from Cryptocarya massoia plant bark, which is used as natural flavoring agent of “generally recognized as safe” status. In this study, the developmental toxi...
In the present study, the developmental toxicity and endocrine-disrupting effects of fenpropathrin on Gobiocypris rarus during the early life stage were studied using a semi-static water exposure method. The results showed that the LOEC (lowest obser...
Embryonic zebrafish represent a useful test system to screen substances for their ability to perturb development. The exposure scenarios, endpoints captured, and data analysis vary among the laboratories who conduct screening. A lack of harmonization...
Background: Slow-transit constipation (STC) lacks durable and safe prokinetics. Deglycosylated-azithromycin (Deg-AZM), a novel small-molecule transgelin agonist that restores colonic motility in STC, has been approved for clinical trials in 2024. Obj...
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are a major priority for many federal and state regulatory agencies charged with monitoring levels of emerging contaminants in environmental media and setting health-protective benchmarks to guide risk asse...
The Zebrafish Embryo Developmental Toxicity Assay (ZEDTA) is a promising and innovative method with potential to replace the screening of teratogenic substances in mammals during preclinical development. However, a harmonized and validated protocol d...
Developmental toxicity testing is essential to identify substances that may harm embryonic development. This study aimed to establish a protocol for evaluating developmental toxicity using human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) by analyzing cel...
Iron oxide nanoparticles (NPs) are commonly utilized for biomedical, industrial, and commercial applications due to their unique properties and potential biocompatibility. However, little is known about how exposure to iron oxide NPs may affect susce...
Chlorinated polyfluoroalkyl ether sulfonate (F-53B), a common substitute for perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), exhibits similar environmental persistence and bioaccumulation potential, raising concerns about its ecological and health impacts. However...
Human-relevant tests to predict developmental toxicity are urgently needed. A currently intensively studied approach makes use of differentiating human stem cells to measure chemically-induced deviations of the normal developmental program, as in a r...
Thiram, an oxidized dimer of dithiocarbamate, has fungicidal and ectoparasiticidal roles. This study aimed to determine the effects of thiram on the development of zebrafish (ZF) embryos. The developmental toxicity test was performed in accordance wi...
Sulfamethoxazole (SMX), a commonly used sulfonamide antibiotic, poses a threat to aquatic life due to its widespread presence in the environment. This study aims to investigate the specific effects of SMX on the development of marine medaka (Oryzias ...
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are found in many consumer and industrial products. While some PFAS, notably perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS), are developmentally toxic in mammals, the vast majority of...
Chiral pesticides exhibit enantioselective differences in processes such as biological absorption, metabolism, and toxic effects. Organisms have different physiological characteristics at different developmental stages. Therefore, conducting enantiom...
This study evaluated the level of knowledge among parents in Jazan, Saudi Arabia, regarding substances that can harm child development. The Prevention of Toxic Chemicals in the Environment for Children Tool (PRoTECT) was used for this assessment. A c...
As the pharmacological properties and therapeutic applications of Cannabis sativa L. pace with the upsurge of interest of the scientific community in harnessing its constituent phytocannabinoids, illicit use may raise serious health issues. Tetrahydr...
Congenital heart disease (CHD) is a serious anomaly for which the etiology remains elusive. We explored temporal trend associations between industrial developmental toxicant (DT) air emissions and CHD in Alberta. Patients born between 2004–2011...
Deltamethrin (DM), a Type II pyrethroid, is widely used worldwide in agriculture, household applications, and medicine. Recent studies have shown that DM exerts a variety of toxic effects on organs such as the kidney, heart muscle, and nerves in anim...
In the past, one of the most widely used non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTI) in first-line antiretroviral therapy (ART) of HIV infection was efavirenz (EFV), which is already used as a cost-effective treatment in developing countr...
To prevent congenital defects arising from maternal exposure, safety regulations require pre-market developmental toxicity screens for industrial chemicals and pharmaceuticals. Traditional embryotoxicity approaches depend heavily on the use of low-th...
Environmental contamination by trinitrotoluene is of global concern due to its widespread use in military ordnance and commercial explosives. Despite known long-term persistence in groundwater and soil, the toxicological profile of trinitrotoluene an...
Difenoconazole (DIF) and dimethomorph (DIM) are widely used pesticides frequently detected together in environmental samples, so the deleterious effects of combined exposure warrant detailed examination. In this study, the individual and combined eff...
With the abundance of chemicals in the environment that could potentially cause neurodevelopmental deficits, there is a need for rapid testing and chemical screening assays. This study evaluated the developmental toxicity and behavioral effects of 61...
22 May 2022
Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa Korth.) is a tree native to Southeast Asia with stimulant and opioid-like effects which has seen increased use in Europe and North America in recent years. Its safety and pharmacological effects remain under investigation,...
28 November 2022
Developmental toxicity testing urgently requires the implementation of human-relevant new approach methodologies (NAMs) that better recapitulate the peculiar nature of human physiology during pregnancy, especially the placenta and the maternal/fetal...
The antioxidant effect of compounds is regularly evaluated by in vitro assays that do not have the capability to predict in vivo protective activity or to determine their underlying mechanisms of action. The aim of this study was to develop an experi...
Particulate matter of size ≤ 2.5 μm (PM2.5) is a critical environmental threat that considerably contributes to the global disease burden. However, accompanied by the rapid research progress in this field, the existing research on developmental...
The zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryo is gaining interest as a bridging tool between in-vitro and in-vivo developmental toxicity studies. However, cytochrome P450 (CYP)-mediated drug metabolism in this model is still under debate. Therefore, we investig...
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