64 Results Found

In recent decades, fluvial erosion processes in highly anthropized areas are mainly associated with in-stream gravel mining activities or with the presence of artificial reservoirs which have increased the erosive capacity of the river as a consequen...

Past glaciation is known to have caused a substantial morphological change to high latitude regions of the northern hemisphere. In the assessment of the long-term performance of deep geological repositories for radioactive wastes, future glaciation i...

High-speed water flow conditions can cause erosion of the bedrock in engineering areas. Due to the lack of accurate evaluation of bedrock scour and erosion rates, there has been a consumption of manpower and resources without achieving satisfactory e...

To investigate the influence of bedrock fragmentation by intensive tillage on the hydrological characteristics and soil erosion processes on slopes, two experimental treatments (soil–bedrock mixtures, WB, and pure soil, CK) in steel tanks were...

Glaciers continue to erode and transport material, forming an accumulation area at the front of the glacier. The trunk glacier, which has many tributary glaciers upstream and converges on the main channel, deposits vast amounts of material in the mai...

The topographies of soil erosion and deposition are critical factors that significantly influence soil quality, subsequently impacting the erodibility of soils in karst regions. However, the investigation into the effects of erosion and deposition to...

Soil erosion, one of the most serious phenomena in watershed management, can be estimated based on various criteria. Land use change is one of the most important factors affecting the susceptibility of soil erosion. In this study, the effect of land...

Understanding how fast glaciers erode their bedrock substrate is one of the key elements in reconstructing how the action of glaciers gives mountain ranges their shape. By combining cosmogenic nuclide concentrations determined in glacially abraded be...

Active tectonic movement and frequent ground fissure disasters occur in the Kenya Rift Valley. Ground fissures are often exposed to the ground surface after rainfall, resulting in disasters and huge economic losses. We conducted a field geological su...

The growth and overlay of a large number of bryophytes in the broken soil patches between the exposed bedrocks of karst have an essential influence on the infiltration and runoff process between the exposed bedrocks and even the whole rocky desertifi...

Accurate, high-resolution maps of bedrock outcrops can be valuable for applications such as models of land–atmosphere interactions, mineral assessments, ecosystem mapping, and hazard mapping. The increasing availability of high-resolution image...

The Pisha sandstone area, situated in the upper and middle reaches of the Yellow River in China, is characterized by severe soil and water erosion, making it one of the most critical regions on the Loess Plateau. The rugged terrain and exposed bedroc...

Engineering properties of bedrock materials at Badlands National Park were used to develop models for Park managers to assess slope erosion and stability for fossil resource protection. Six fully instrumented sites were used to document slope conditi...

Offshore wind power is a new trend in renewable energy development. However, during the operation of offshore wind turbines, the rock-socketed monopile foundation is subjected to long-term cyclic loads, which will cause the seawater to erode the rock...

The landscape evolution of the glacier valleys of glaciokarsts is described. Depending on the character of coveredness (quality and thickness of the cover), altitude and the presence of karst features, different ways of geomorphic evolution occur adj...

Soil parent material is a fundamental natural resource for the generation of new soils. Through weathering processes, soil parent materials provide many of the basic building blocks for soils and have a significant bearing on the physico-chemical mak...

Most research on vegetation in mountain ranges focuses on elevation gradients as climate gradients, but elevation gradients are also the result of geological processes that build and deconstruct mountains. Recent findings from the Luquillo Mountains,...

In recent years, offshore wind turbine technology has been widely developed, making a significant contribution to the advancement of renewable energy. Due to the predominant subsurface geological composition characterized by rocky formations in some...

The DD Guyot, a flat-topped seamount located in the Western Pacific, was completely mapped using multibeam echosounders (MBESs) in 2024. Clarifying substratum patterns is crucial for understanding seafloor evolution, sediment transport processes, and...

In marked contrast to alluvial rivers, few studies have examined the physical and geochemical controls on the spatial distribution of toxic trace metals along bedrock channels. This study examined the factors controlling the geographical pattern of s...

Current studies of urban spatial morphology have rarely focused on the particularity of coastal cities, such as sea–land gradient features and bay types. In this paper, we provide a method to analyze the spatial and vertical distribution of con...

In an era of environmental change leading to rising sea levels and increased storminess, there is a need to quantify the volume of beach sediment on the coast of Britain in order to assess the vulnerability to erosion using cheap, easy-to-deploy and...

Although a number of studies have provided information on soil texture, soil classification, and depth to bedrock throughout China, few studies have combined this information, which is the basis for agricultural field management. A total of 81% of Ch...

The current limited approaches to calculating hillslope erosion rate hamper the study of the relationships among the rates of hillslope erosion, river incision, and tectonic uplift and hence the discussion of steady-state landscape evolution. In this...

Cirque morphology is used to reflect the patterns of paleoclimate, paleoglaciation, and landscape evolution. Cirque study has been conducted in the Gangdise Mountains of the southern Tibetan Plateau (TP) and the central TP (dominated by a weak Indian...

The Voisey’s Bay nickel-copper-cobalt (Ni-Cu-Co) sulphide deposits constitute a significant resource of orthomagmatic mineralization. The deposits are not exposed at the surface except for in a small ferruginous gossan (Discovery Hill). The subsequen...

As urbanization progresses and city populations grow, river-crossing tunnels assume a crucial role in transportation networks, with the maximum scour depth constituting a critical parameter influencing tunnel safety. Using Line 6 of the Nanning Metro...

Three-dimensional (3D) morphological changes in rocky coasts need to be precisely measured for protecting coastal areas and evaluating the associated sediment dynamics, although volumetric measurements of bedrock erosion in rocky coasts have been lim...

This study uses three periods of airborne laser scanning (ALS) digital elevation model (DEM) data to analyze the short-term erosional features of the Tsaoling landslide triggered by the 1999 Chi-Chi earthquake in Taiwan. Two methods for calculating t...

The mineralogical composition of the parent material, together with plant species and soil microorganisms, constitutes the foundational components of an ecosystem’s energy cycle. Afforestation in arid-semi arid regions plays a crucial role in p...

We study cross-sections on the Detailed Geological Map of Poland (SMGP) to find a geologic and geomorphic pattern under river valleys in Poland. The pattern was found in 20 reaches of the largest Polish rivers (Odra, Warta, Vistula, Narew, and Bug) l...

Since the mid-1980s, significant changes in climate conditions have occurred, and trends of dryness in the Kinneret drainage basin have been documented, including a temperature increase and precipitation decline. The precipitation decline, and conseq...

In what are now the warm deserts of the American Southwest, direct effects of changing climate on plant distributions are typically viewed as the principal driver of vegetation changes that followed the late Pleistocene–Holocene transition (LPH...

Systematic deflection of drainage systems along strike-slip faults is the combination of repeated faulting slipping and continuous headward erosion accumulated on the stream channels. The measurement and analysis of systematically deflected stream ch...

Urban expansion in coastal areas involves infrastructure development, industrial growth, and mining activities. These coastal environments face various environmental and geological hazards that require geo-engineers to devise solutions. An integrated...

Soil enzyme activities serve as the key indicators of microbial nutrient limitations. Vegetation types after farmland is returned modify both the biological and abiotic properties of the soil, thereby impacting the soil nutrient cycle and the stabili...

There is a general agreement in referring the deposition of calcareous tufa to climatic causes. Warm climates are believed to favor calcareous tufa formation due to higher concentrations of biogenic CO2 in soils, enhancing the dissolution rates of Ca...

Valley bottomland provides diverse agricultural and ecosystem benefits. Due to concentrated flow paths, they are more vulnerable to gully erosion than hillslope areas. The objective of this review was to show what caused valley bottoms gullies and to...

Badlands are typical erosional landforms of the Apennines (Northern Italy) that form on Plio-Pleistocene clayey bedrock and rapidly evolve. The present study aimed at identification and assessment of the areal and temporal changes of badlands within...

Beachrocks are a window to the past environmental, geological, sedimentological and morphological conditions that were dominant in the coastal zone during their formation. Furthermore, beachrocks have the ability to reduce coastal erosion impact on s...

There is growing evidence that many large coastal boulder deposits found on the exposed rocky ocean shores were deposited by extreme storm waves rather than by catastrophic tsunamis, as previously thought. In addition, before the first discovery in t...

The integrated analysis of high-resolution multibeam bathymetry and single-channel seismic profiles around Salina Island allowed us to characterize the stratigraphic architecture of the insular shelf. The shelf is formed by a gently-sloping erosive s...

The clear and detailed images of geological structures that can be obtained by seismic methods are one of the main drivers of their popularity in geological research. The quality of final geophysical images and models relies strongly on the amount of...

Koločep bay is a 30 km elongated karst basin located between the Elafiti Islands and the mainland with a NW–SE general direction. The bay lies within the seismically active southern Dalmatia zone. Irregular grid sub-bottom profiles and two...

Nature is a master engineer. From the bones of the tiniest bird to the sophisticated bioproduction of a spider’s web, the works of nature are an enigma to the scientific mind. In the fields of physics, chemistry, biology, and mathematics, studying, u...

While most of the scientific effort regarding wildfires has predominantly focused on fire effects on vegetation and soils, the role of fire as an essential weathering agent has been largely overlooked. This study aims to evaluate rock decay processes...

Small earth dams usually lack the detailed seepage monitoring system that would provide high resolution data on changes in seepage flow. Alternative solution is monitoring of the temperature and electrical resistivity in the body of the dams. Geophys...

Investigation of sea-level positions during the highly-dynamic Marine Isotope Stage 3 (MIS 3: 29–61 kyrs BP) proves difficult because: (i) in stable and subsiding areas, coeval coastal sediments are currently submerged at depths of few to several ten...

We investigate the utility of towed underwater camera systems with tightly coupled Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) positions to provide reef-scale bathymetric models with millimeter to centimeter resolutions and accuracies with Structure-fr...

There is a long history of coastal erosion caused by frequent storm surges in the coastal regions of Australia, which imposes great threats to communities and infrastructures alongside the beach. Old Bar Beach, New South Wales, Australia, is one such...