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219 Results Found

  • Article
  • Open Access
3,684 Views
9 Pages

Lifestyle Changes and Baseball Activity among Youth Baseball Players before and during the First COVID-19 Pandemic in Japan

  • Ryota Kuratsubo,
  • Masashi Kawabata,
  • Emi Nakamura,
  • Masumi Yoshimoto,
  • Satoshi Tsunoda,
  • Yuji Takazawa and
  • Hiroyuki Watanabe

This cross-sectional study aimed to clarify the changes in lifestyle and baseball activity before and during the COVID-19 pandemic among youth baseball players. Participants were 99 youth baseball players (ages 9.6 ± 1.5 years, height 137.8 &p...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
3,843 Views
10 Pages

Injury Prevalence among Young Elite Baseball Players

  • Daeho Ha,
  • Satoshi Nagai,
  • Byungjoo Noh,
  • Naoki Mukai,
  • Shumpei Miyakawa and
  • Masahiro Takemura

17 July 2023

This study aimed to describe the injury profiles of young Korean baseball players according to position and age as the proportion and distribution of injuries based on playing position and age remains unclear. A total of 271 elite youth baseball play...

  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
10,739 Views
8 Pages

Baseball Drag Measurements in Free Flight

  • Lloyd Smith and
  • Andrea Sciacchitano

28 January 2022

While baseball is a popular sport with a storied history, the aerodynamic properties of the seamed sports ball are not fully understood. Reported aerodynamic baseball behaviors are primarily based on force measurements from wind tunnels. The followin...

  • Review
  • Open Access
1 Citations
10,425 Views
35 Pages

Machine Learning in Baseball Analytics: Sabermetrics and Beyond

  • Wenbing Zhao,
  • Vyaghri Seetharamayya Akella,
  • Shunkun Yang and
  • Xiong Luo

29 April 2025

In this article, we provide a comprehensive review of machine learning-based sports analytics in baseball. This review is primarily guided by the following three research questions: (1) What baseball analytics problems have been studied using machine...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
3,979 Views
13 Pages

The Father in Youth Baseball: A Self-Determination Theory Approach

  • Manuel De La Cruz,
  • Jorge Zamarripa and
  • Isabel Castillo

This study based on the self-determination theory aims to examine the relationship among the aspirations that fathers have about their children’s youth baseball practice, the children’s basic psychological needs (satisfaction and frustration), and th...

  • Communication
  • Open Access
9 Citations
4,533 Views
10 Pages

Individualised Ball Speed Prediction in Baseball Pitching Based on IMU Data

  • Larisa Gomaz,
  • DirkJan Veeger,
  • Erik van der Graaff,
  • Bart van Trigt and
  • Frank van der Meulen

9 November 2021

Ball velocity is considered an important performance measure in baseball pitching. Proper pitching mechanics play an important role in both maximising ball velocity and injury-free participation of baseball pitchers. However, an individual pitcher’s...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
4,067 Views
12 Pages

1 September 2020

This paper uses auction theory to explain the unique design of the 1998–2013 posting system agreed to between Major League Baseball and the Japanese Nippon Professional Baseball League that allowed for the transfer of baseball players from Japa...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
2,531 Views
13 Pages

Characteristics and Clinical Assessment of Elbow Pain in Youth Baseball Players

  • Hironobu Koseki,
  • Shiro Kajiyama,
  • Takayuki Shida,
  • Iku Tomonaga,
  • Yuta Nishiyama,
  • Daisuke Yoshida,
  • Satoshi Mizukami,
  • Kazuhiro Yamaguchi and
  • Chieko Imai

11 June 2024

Elbow injuries related to the throwing motion in baseball during the growth period present difficulties for early detection and may cause serious future disabilities. This study aimed to comprehensively determine the characteristics and clinical asse...

  • Proceeding Paper
  • Open Access
4,055 Views
7 Pages

At present, there are only a few developed pitching machines that can throw a ball with gyro spin. In this study, we aimed to develop a new baseball pitching machine using four rollers, where the rotational speed of each of the four rollers and the c...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
2,034 Views
11 Pages

Detection of Factors Related to the Development of Osteochondritis Dissecans in Youth Baseball Players Screening

  • Shotaro Teruya,
  • Takeshi Ogawa,
  • Hiroki Yamada,
  • Hiromitsu Tsuge,
  • Ryuhei Michinobu,
  • Kazuhiro Ikeda,
  • Yuki Hara,
  • Hiroshi Kamada,
  • Masashi Yamazaki and
  • Yuichi Yoshii

3 December 2023

On-field screening for ‘elbow injury in baseball’, a condition commonly seen in youth baseball players, was conducted over two years on 160 elementary school students in Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan. This on-field screening was conducted in...

  • Article
  • Open Access
6,001 Views
18 Pages

Application of Machine Learning Models for Baseball Outcome Prediction

  • Tzu-Chien Lo,
  • Chen-Yin Lee,
  • Chien-Lin Chen,
  • Tsung-Yu Hsieh,
  • Che-Hsiu Chen and
  • Yen-Kuang Lin

24 June 2025

Data science has become an essential component in professional sports, particularly for predicting team performance and outcomes. This study aims to develop and evaluate machine learning models that accurately predict game outcomes in the Chinese Pro...

  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
9,052 Views
17 Pages

30 May 2022

This study analyzed the characteristics of pitched baseballs from TV broadcast videos to understand the effects of the Magnus force on a pitched-baseball trajectory using aerodynamic theory. Furthermore, an automatic measurement and analysis system f...

  • Proceeding Paper
  • Open Access
3,586 Views
8 Pages

11 September 2024

Baseball is one of the most esteemed professional sports in Taiwan, and its broadcast production techniques are highly developed. Coupled with the sport’s inherently statistical nature, the application of big data was explored in professional b...

  • Article
  • Open Access
12 Citations
13,319 Views
13 Pages

Acute Effects of Nicotine on Physiological Responses and Sport Performance in Healthy Baseball Players

  • Shih-Hua Fang,
  • Chi-Cheng Lu,
  • Hua-Wei Lin,
  • Kuan-Chen Kuo,
  • Chen-Yu Sun,
  • Yi-Ying Chen and
  • Wen-Dien Chang

There is interest in whether nicotine could enhance attention in sporting performance, but evidence on the acute effect of nicotine on physical response and sports performance in baseball players remains scant. This was an observational study to exam...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
4,951 Views
15 Pages

Baseball is a sport that involves a large number of statistics, which are often displayed during broadcast events to show the players’ performance levels. With the advent of big data, the amount and types of data used in broadcasts have increas...

  • Article
  • Open Access
963 Views
13 Pages

Influence of Foot and Legwear Color on Lower-Limb Temperature in Baseball Players Under Heat Stress

  • Manato Seguchi,
  • Yoko Iio,
  • Saimi Yamamoto,
  • Tsukasa Yamamoto,
  • Harumi Ejiri,
  • Yuka Aoyama and
  • Morihiro Ito

21 October 2025

Background: Elevated global temperatures increase the risk of heat-stroke among athletes exercising in hot conditions. Japanese high school baseball tournaments occur during peak summer, raising concerns regarding heat-related health issues. We exami...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
9,323 Views
15 Pages

Strength and Conditioning Programs to Increase Bat Swing Velocity for Collegiate Baseball Players

  • Ryosuke Haruna,
  • Tatsuo Doi,
  • Daiki Habu,
  • Shinya Yasumoto and
  • Nobuko Hongu

16 October 2023

Bat swing velocity (BSV) is an imperative element of a successful baseball hitting performance. This study aimed to investigate the anthropometric and physiological variables associated with BSV and explore strength and conditioning programs to incre...

  • Proceeding Paper
  • Open Access
2 Citations
3,177 Views
5 Pages

Profiling of a Pitcher’s Performance with a Smart Baseball: A Case Report

  • Batdelger Doljin,
  • Kwangyul Jeong,
  • Young-Kwan Kim and
  • Franz Konstantin Fuss

A pitcher’s action, when delivering a fastball, was analyzed from the data provided by a smart baseball. The spin rate at the release of the ball was merely 15.7 rps, however, the peak torque was excessively high, namely 0.396 Nm. The reason wh...

  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
3,866 Views
12 Pages

The purpose of this study was to investigate relationships among mood states, perfectionism, and choking, and to identify a mediating effect of perfectionism on the relationship between mood states and choking experienced by Asian university baseball...

  • Article
  • Open Access
16 Citations
5,223 Views
13 Pages

The esports industry is increasing in popularity and is now played at the professional level. We hypothesized that esports players may have a significant advantage over the general population in terms of psychological and cognitive characteristics, w...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
3,018 Views
11 Pages

9 January 2024

Proper orthosis design may help youth baseball players develop safer pitching mechanics to prevent elbow injuries. This study evaluated the impact of a custom elbow orthosis on pitching biomechanics and adverse events. Ten 11–12-year-old player...

  • Proceeding Paper
  • Open Access
1 Citations
3,778 Views
7 Pages

The purpose of this study was to quantify the functional roles of the whole-body’s joint torques including fingers’ joints in the generation of ball speed and spin during baseball fast-ball pitching motion. The dynamic contributions of joint torque t...

  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
4,803 Views
23 Pages

Risk Assessment for Children Exposed to Arsenic on Baseball Fields with Contaminated Fill Material

  • Alesia C. Ferguson,
  • Jennifer C. Black,
  • Isaac B. Sims,
  • Jennifer N. Welday,
  • Samir M. Elmir,
  • Kendra F. Goff,
  • J. Mark Higginbotham and
  • Helena M. Solo-Gabriele

Children can be exposed to arsenic through play areas which may have contaminated fill material from historic land use. The objective of the current study was to evaluate the risk to children who play and/or spend time at baseball fields with soils s...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
8,793 Views
13 Pages

22 August 2021

Baseball is a popular and very lucrative bat-and-ball sport that uses a wooden bat to score runs. We hypothesize that new design features for baseball bats will emerge from their shape optimization using parametric modeling and genetic algorithms. We...

  • Article
  • Open Access
356 Views
18 Pages

Comparison of Shoulder and Elbow Biomechanical Characteristics in Left- and Right-Handed Youth Baseball Players

  • Hitoshi Shitara,
  • Tsuyoshi Tajika,
  • Tsuyoshi Ichinose,
  • Tsuyoshi Sasaki,
  • Noritaka Hamano,
  • Masataka Kamiyama,
  • Ryosuke Miyamoto,
  • Kurumi Nakase,
  • Fukuhisa Ino and
  • Hirotaka Chikuda
  • + 5 authors

5 December 2025

Background/Objectives: This study investigated biomechanical differences between right-handed (RHPs) and left-handed (LHPs) youth baseball players by analyzing shoulder and elbow range of motion (ROM), muscle strength, and humeral torsion. Side-to-si...

  • Proceeding Paper
  • Open Access
2,295 Views
7 Pages

The purpose of this study was to propose a methodology which quantifies the ball-speed generating mechanism of baseball pitching with the use of inertial measurement units (IMUs). IMUs were attached to the upper trunk, upper arm, forearm, and hand se...

  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
4,531 Views
14 Pages

24 December 2020

Evaluating a player’s talent level based on batted balls is one of the most important and difficult tasks facing baseball analysts. An array of sensors has been installed in Major League Baseball stadiums that capture seven terabytes of data du...

  • Letter
  • Open Access
15 Citations
6,146 Views
11 Pages

20 December 2020

Baseball hitting is a highly dynamic activity, and advanced methods are required to accurately obtain biomechanical data. Inertial measurement units (IMUs) can capture the motion of body segments at high sampling rates both indoor and outdoor. The ba...

  • Systematic Review
  • Open Access
2,528 Views
15 Pages

1 September 2025

Ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) injuries are a major concern in baseball because of repetitive valgus stress from overhead throwing, often leading to surgical intervention. In recent years, UCL reconstruction has become increasingly frequent. Althoug...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
3,238 Views
8 Pages

5 March 2021

Background and objectives: Glenohumeral joint internal rotation deficit (GIRD) is commonly observed in the dominant arm of baseball pitchers and is limited by horizontal adduction motions. We inferred that when pitchers’ generation of internal should...

  • Article
  • Open Access
25 Citations
5,454 Views
12 Pages

16 September 2020

Although many baseball players dream of playing professionally, intense training together with psychological pressure and injuries may increase athletes’ burnout and may lead athletes to quit and pursue alternate careers. Therefore, it is impor...

  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
3,507 Views
11 Pages

Body composition and muscular strength are important for baseball skills and successful performance. Conditioning training programs have the potential to enhance athletic performance via physiological changes. In this single-group interventional stud...

  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
4,281 Views
11 Pages

Effect of Glenohumeral Internal Rotation Deficit on Shoulder in Baseball Pitchers during Fastball Pitching

  • Hwai-Ting Lin,
  • Yu-Chuan Lin,
  • You-Li Chou,
  • Hung-Chien Wu,
  • Rong-Tyai Wang and
  • Paul Pei-His Chou

Previous studies have reported that pitchers with glenohumeral internal rotation deficit (GIRD) may increase the risk of shoulder injury. However, limited information is available regarding the specific effects of GIRD in baseball pitching. The purpo...

  • Article
  • Open Access
26 Citations
16,437 Views
22 Pages

14 May 2021

Major League Baseball (MLB) is the highest level of professional baseball in the world and accounts for some of the most popular international sporting events. Many scholars have conducted research on predicting the outcome of MLB matches. The accura...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4,133 Views
11 Pages

26 January 2022

A summer high school baseball tournament is held every mid-summer in Koshien Stadium. “Koshien Baseball” is very popular in Japan; however, it faces the problem of extremely high temperatures during games. Thus, high school players are th...

  • Proceeding Paper
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,462 Views
6 Pages

Effect of Throwing Kinematics and Kinetics on Different Ranges of Long Toss in Youth Baseball Players

  • Katsutoshi Nishino,
  • Noriaki Yamamoto,
  • Masaei Tanaka,
  • Taisuke Ohishi,
  • Yasuo Tanaka,
  • Naoto Okamura,
  • Hiroyuki Sekine,
  • Masaaki Arakawa and
  • Go Omori

Long-toss throwing is a baseball exercise that enhances the throwing performance of youth players. However, throwing kinematics and kinetics have not been fully investigated. This study aimed to analyze the effect of throwing kinematics and kinetics...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4,658 Views
11 Pages

Background: A commonly observed phenomenon is that although the players in a baseball team have received the same training content and volume, their batting performance is quite different. As no optimal solution exists for this problem at present, th...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
3,491 Views
18 Pages

Variable Neighborhood Search for Major League Baseball Scheduling Problem

  • Yun-Chia Liang,
  • Yen-Yu Lin,
  • Angela Hsiang-Ling Chen and
  • Wei-Sheng Chen

3 April 2021

Modern society pays more and more attention to leisure activities, and watching sports is one of the most popular activities for people. In professional leagues, sports scheduling plays a very critical role. To efficiently arrange a schedule while co...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,730 Views
7 Pages

Spine Alignment in Standing and Maximal Upper Limb Elevation in Baseball Players with Lumbar Spondylolysis and Those without Low Back Pain

  • Kanta Matsuzawa,
  • Tomoyuki Matsui,
  • Yoshikazu Azuma,
  • Tetsuya Miyazaki,
  • Machiko Hiramoto,
  • Ruo Hashimoto,
  • Noriyuki Kida and
  • Toru Morihara

The changes in lumbar lordosis angle (LL) and sacral slope angle (SS) related to upper limb elevation and thoracic kyphosis angle (TK) in baseball players with spondylolysis remain unclear. Herein, we investigated baseball players with spondylolysis...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2,623 Views
9 Pages

Relationship Between Shoulder Rotation Strength and Upper Extremity Functional Assessments in Collegiate Baseball Players

  • Andy Waldhelm,
  • Jaclyn Aida,
  • Jackson Boyd,
  • Garrett Chandler,
  • Matthew Demboski,
  • Caroline Monson and
  • Neil Schwarz

Background/Objectives: In overhead throwing sports such as baseball and softball, upper extremity injuries are prevalent at both collegiate and high school levels. Currently, there is no universal assessment protocol to identify athletes at risk for...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
3,703 Views
11 Pages

Relationship between Standing Trunk Extension Angle and Medial Elbow Injuries in Young Baseball Pitchers

  • Megumi Gonno,
  • Noriyuki Kida,
  • Teruo Nomura,
  • Tomoyuki Matsui,
  • Yoshikazu Azuma,
  • Machiko Hiramoto,
  • Ruo Hashimoto,
  • Tetsuya Miyazaki,
  • Maki Tanaka and
  • Toru Morihara
  • + 2 authors

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the standing trunk extension angle and medial elbow injuries. Subjects and methods: The study participants were 90 male baseball pitchers (10–12 years) belonging to...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,597 Views
12 Pages

Impact of Pitching on Infraspinatus Muscle Elasticity in High School Baseball Pitchers: A Continuous Shear Wave Elastography Study

  • Hitoshi Shitara,
  • Ren Koda,
  • Tsuyoshi Tajika,
  • Tsuyoshi Sasaki,
  • Masataka Kamiyama,
  • Ryosuke Miyamoto,
  • Yuhei Hatori,
  • Koichiro Yanai,
  • Kurumi Nakase and
  • Hirotaka Chikuda
  • + 3 authors

Background/Objectives: The repetitive overhead throwing of baseball stresses the posterior shoulder, including the rotator cuff and capsule, causing stiffness, tissue thickening, and dysfunction. Previous studies on collegiate baseball players have l...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
2,465 Views
12 Pages

Analysis of COVID-19-Related User Content on the Baseball Bulletin Board in 2020 through Text Mining

  • Shang-Chun Ma,
  • Ching-Ya Su,
  • Sheng-Fong Chen,
  • Shintaro Sato and
  • Shang-Ming Ma

2 July 2023

The world engaged in online sport watching during COVID-19. Fortunately, in Taiwan, the pandemic was stably controlled in 2020, allowing for the continuation of the Chinese Professional Baseball League (CPBL); this attracted international attention a...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
4,880 Views
11 Pages

19 January 2022

Coordinated lower extremity biomechanics are altered in response to changes in stride length, influencing the kinetic chain that potentially induces compensatory throwing mechanics throughout the baseball pitching cycle. The respective sagittal knee...

  • Article
  • Open Access
11 Citations
17,630 Views
11 Pages

6 August 2020

Rounded shoulder posture (RSP) causes an imbalance of the adjacent joints due to the malalignment of the shoulder joint, and thus affects the strength of the muscles surrounding the shoulder. This study aimed to investigate the effect of rounded shou...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
2,116 Views
11 Pages

11 May 2024

Background: This study validates real-time biofeedback for lumbopelvic control training in baseball. The lumbopelvic region is crucial for generating kinetic energy in pitching. Real-time biofeedback enhances training effectiveness and reduces injury...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
2,558 Views
10 Pages

This study aimed to verify the structural relationship between physical self-concept, occupational instability, and retirement intention among South Korean minor league baseball players. Snowball sampling was used to recruit 180 minor league players...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
5,579 Views
10 Pages

This study aims to assess the relationship between scapular upward rotation (SUR) across varying humeral-elevation angles (HEAs) and shoulder isokinetic strength and ratio in professional baseball pitchers. The subjects were professional baseball pit...

  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
2,915 Views
12 Pages

Visual input significantly affects kinesthesis skills and, hence, visually impaired individuals show less developed sensorimotor control, especially in an unfamiliar outdoor environment. Regular blind baseball practice can counteract such a deficit b...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
5,828 Views
13 Pages

30 March 2022

To counter a perceived increase in multi-piece fracturing of wood baseball bats, Major League Baseball implemented standards to regulate the quality of wood used in the making of professional-grade baseball bats. These specifications included a minim...

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