Inflammasomes are an essential part of the innate immune system. They are necessary for the development of a healthy immune response against infectious diseases. Inflammasome activation leads to the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-...
Inflammasomes are multimolecular complexes with potent inflammatory activity. As such, their activity is tightly regulated at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. In this review, we present the transcriptional regulation of inflammaso...
Inflammasomes are important intracellular multiprotein signaling complexes that modulate the activation of caspase-1 and induce levels of the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and IL-18 in response to pathogenic microorganisms and mole...
Inflammasomes are signaling complexes of the innate immune system that are assembled in distinct sentinel cell types to coordinate inflammation. As demonstrated by the emergence of viral antagonists and evasion mechanisms, inflammasomes are critical...
Atherosclerosis is a serious disorder, with numerous potential complications such as cardiovascular disease, ischemic stroke, and myocardial infarction. The origin of atherosclerosis is related to chronic inflammation, lipid metabolism alterations, a...
The inflammasome is an immune multiprotein complex that activates pro-caspase 1 in response to inflammation-inducing stimuli and it leads to IL-1β and IL-18 proinflammatory cytokine production. NLRP1 and NLRP3 inflammasomes are the best characte...
The Nrf2 (nuclear factor E2-related factor or nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2) transcription factor is a key player in cytoprotection and activated in stress conditions caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS) or electrophiles. Inflammasom...
The aging process is associated with the emergence of low-grade, sterile inflammation, called inflammaging, which can accelerate aging-related diseases, such as neurodegenerative, cardiovascular, and musculoskeletal diseases. Recent studies have focu...
Atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by arterial plaque accumulation, remains a significant global health challenge. In recent years, inflammasomes, the intracellular multiprotein complexes crucial for initiating innate immun...
Inflammasomes are intracellular signaling complexes of the innate immune system, which is part of the response to exogenous pathogens or physiological aberration. The multiprotein complexes mainly consist of sensor proteins, adaptors, and pro-caspase...
Heart failure (HF) poses a significant world health challenge due to the increase in the aging population and advancements in cardiac care. In the pathophysiology of HF, the inflammasome has been correlated with the development, progression, and comp...
Background: Inflammasomes recognize endogenous and exogenous danger signals, and subsequently induce the secretion of IL-1β. Studying inflammasomes in the red fox (Vulpes vulpes) is crucial for wildlife veterinary medicine, as it can help contro...
Inflammasomes are intracellular multimeric complexes that cleave the precursors of the IL-1 family of cytokines and various proteins, found predominantly in cells of hematopoietic origin. They consist of pattern-recognition receptors, adaptor domains...
It is well-known that viruses activate various inflammasomes, which can initiate the programmed cell death pathway known as pyroptosis, subsequently leading to cell lysis and release of inflammatory cytokines IL-1
Inflammasome complexes and their integral receptor proteins have essential roles in regulating the innate immune response and inflammation at the post-translational level. Yet despite their protective role, aberrant activation of inflammasome protein...
Heat shock proteins (HSP) regulate inflammation in many physiological contexts. However, inflammation is a broad process, involving numerous cytokines produced by different molecular pathways with multiple functions. In this review, we focused on the...
Cardio-rheumatology is an evolving and interdisciplinary field lying at the intersection of rheumatology and cardiovascular medicine that recognizes that individuals with autoimmune and inflammatory rheumatic complications have a much higher likeliho...
The activation of inflammasomes is thought to induce the inflammatory process around dental implants. No information is available on the correlation between microbiota and inflammasomes in clinical samples from patients suffering peri-implantitis. Fo...
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) infection is characterized by granulomatous lung lesions and systemic inflammatory responses during active disease. Inflammasome activation is involved in regulation of inflammation. Inflammasomes are multiprotein com...
Pattern recognition receptors such as nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-containing protein receptors (NLRs) and the pyrin and hematopoitic interferon-inducible nuclear protein (HIN) domain (PYHIN) receptors initiate the inflammatory res...
SARS-CoV-2 is a new type of coronavirus that has caused worldwide pandemic. The disease induced by SARS-CoV-2 is called COVID-19. A majority of people with COVID-19 have relatively mild respiratory symptoms. However, a small percentage of COVID-19 pa...
Inflammation is an innate immunity protecting the body from pathogens and cellular damages and comprises two steps; 1) priming (preparatory step) and triggering (activation step). The key feature of the triggering step is the activation of inflammaso...
NOD-like receptors (NLRs) are a family of cytosolic pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) implicated in the innate immune sensing of pathogens and damage signals. NLRs act as sensors in multi-protein complexes called inflammasomes. Inflammasome activi...
The inflammatory response consists of two stages: priming and triggering. The triggering stage is marked by the activation of inflammasomes, which are cytosolic protein complexes acting as platforms for inflammation. Inflammasomes are divided into ca...
Inflammasomes are high-molecular-weight protein complexes that may cleave the two main proinflammatory cytokines, pro-interleukin-1β and pro-interleukin-18, into active forms, and contribute to psoriasis. Despite recent advances made in the pathogene...
Current knowledge about Alzheimer’s disease highlights the accumulation of β-amyloid plaques (Aβ1–42) and neurofibrillary tangles composed of hyperphosphorylated Tau, which lead to the loss of neuronal connections. Microglial ac...
Osteoarthritis is age-related and the most common form of arthritis. The main characteristics of the disease are progressive loss of cartilage and secondary synovial inflammation, which finally result in pain, joint stiffness, and functional disabili...
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) regularly produce various blood cells throughout life via their self-renewal, proliferation, and differentiation abilities. Most HSCs remain quiescent in the bone marrow (BM) and respond in a timely manner to either ph...
The macromolecular complex known as “inflammasome” is defined as an intracellular multi-protein complex composed of a sensor receptor (PRR), an adaptor protein and an effector enzyme (caspase-1), which oligomerize when they sense danger,...
Aortic diseases comprise aneurysms, dissections, and several other pathologies. In general, aging is associated with a slow but progressive dilation of the aorta, along with increased stiffness and pulse pressure. The progression of aortic disease is...
Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) infection is recognised as one of the causative agents in most nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) cases. Expression of EBV viral antigens can induce host’s antiviral immune response by activating the inflammasomes to produce pro-...
Sepsis is a life-threatening syndrome characterized by a dysregulated immune response to infection, frequently leading to multiorgan failure and high mortality. Inflammasomes—cytosolic multiprotein complexes of the innate immune system—se...
Chronic inflammation is an important contributor to the development of cardiovascular disorders, and inflammasomes, especially the NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3), are emerging as crucial mediators in this context. Inflammasomes are activated thr...
Inflammasomes contribute to colorectal cancer signaling by primarily inducing inflammation in the surrounding tumor microenvironment. Its role in inflammation is receiving increasing attention, as inflammation has a protumor effect in addition to ind...
Inflammatory diseases are a global health problem affecting millions of people with a wide range of conditions. These diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), osteoarthritis (OA), gout, and diabetes, impose a s...
The skin is the outermost layer of the body and, therefore, is exposed to a variety of stressors, such as environmental pollutants, known to cause oxinflammatory reactions involved in the exacerbation of several skin conditions. Today, inflammasomes...
Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) play a crucial role in inducing inflammatory responses; they recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns, damage-associated molecular patterns, and environmental factors. Nucleotide-binding oligomerization do...
Background/Objectives: Sepsis is a life-threatening condition characterized by an uncontrolled immune response due to systemic infections. It is responsible for millions of deaths worldwide. Although inflammasomes play an important role in host defen...
Collagen export from the endoplasmic reticulum is required for normal tissue homeostasis, and yet, in fibrotic disorders, this process is significantly upregulated. In this review, we will focus on the signaling cascade from the inflammasome and how...
An inflammasome is an intracellular protein complex that is activated in response to a pathogenic infection and cellular damage. It triggers inflammatory responses by promoting inflammatory cell death (called pyroptosis) and the secretion of pro-infl...
Protein complexes termed inflammasomes ensure tissue protection from pathogenic and sterile stressors by induction of inflammation. This is mediated by different caspase-1-induced downstream pathways, including activation of the pro-inflammatory cyto...
Inflammation is an innate immune system protecting the body from infection and injury. This process proceeds through two distinct stages: a priming phase, characterized by transcriptional activation, and a triggering phase, in which inflammasomes, cy...
Background/Objectives: This review article highlights the role of the nucleotide-binding domain, leucine-rich repeat, pyrin domain-containing 3 protein (NLRP3) inflammasomes in various gastrointestinal and hepatic disorders in the pediatric age group...
The innate immune system plays a key role in modulating host immune defense during bacterial disease. Upon sensing pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), the multi-protein complex known as the inflammasome serves a protective role against ba...
Microglia are the resident immune cells in the CNS, which survey the brain parenchyma for pathogens, initiate inflammatory responses, secrete inflammatory mediators, and phagocyte debris. Besides, they play a role in the regulation of brain ion homeo...
Increasingly prevalent acute and chronic human brain diseases are scourges for the elderly. Besides the lack of therapies, these ailments share a neuroinflammation that is triggered/sustained by different innate immunity-related protein oligomers cal...
Background: Chronic inflammation is a hallmark of many oral and systemic diseases and has long been recognised as a risk factor for cancer development. Central to inflammatory responses are inflammasomes—multiprotein complexes that, upon activa...
Despite the effectiveness of combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) in suppressing virus replication, chronic inflammation remains one of the cardinal features intersecting HIV-1, cART, drug abuse, and likely contributes to the accelerated neurocogni...
Tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb), is a major global health issue, with around 10 million new cases annually. Advances in TB immunology have improved our understanding of host signaling pathways, leading to innovative th...
Keloids and hypertrophic scars are pathological cutaneous scars. They arise from excessive wound healing, which induces chronic dermal inflammation and results in overwhelming fibroblast production of extracellular matrix. Their etiology is unclear....
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