Standardization in smart grid communications is necessary to facilitate complex operations of modern power system functions. However, the strong coupling between the cyber and physical domains of the contemporary grid exposes the system to vulnerabil...
This paper presents a systematic approach to the development and validation of a monitoring and protection system based on the IEC 61850 standard, evaluated through hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) testing. The study utilized an already existing model of a...
With the increasing interaction between physical devices and communication components, the substation based on the IEC 61850 standard is a type of cyber–physical system. This paper proposes a reliability analysis method for substations with a c...
The IEC 61850 communication standard is getting popular for application in electric power substation automation. This paper focuses on the potential application of the IEC 61850 generic object-oriented substation event (GOOSE) protocol in the AC micr...
As power systems develop rapidly into smarter and more flexible configurations, so too must the communication technologies that support them. Machine-to-machine (M2M) communication in power systems enables information collection by combining sensors...
Operation control is a vital and complex issue for microgrids. The objective of this paper is to explore the practical means of applying decentralized control by using a multi agent system in actual microgrids and devices. This paper presents a hiera...
The IEC 61850 standard aims at digitization substations and provides interoperability between various Intelligent Electronic Device vendors. The digitization process is accompanied by several challenges related to data transmission on the ethernet ne...
With the widespread adoption of intelligent electronic devices (IEDs) in smart substations, the real-time data transmission and interoperability features of the IEC 61850 communication standard play a crucial role in ensuring seamless automation syst...
From time to time a sequence of unexpected and overlapping contingencies may lead to power system angular instability and even blackouts if not addressed adequately by means of an out-of-step (OOS) protection system. The motivation of the paper is an...
There is a growing interest in increasing the penetration rate of renewable energy systems due to the drawbacks associated with the use of fossil fuels. However, the grid integration of renewable energy systems represents many challenging tasks for s...
The subway power supply system, as a critical component of urban rail transit infrastructure, plays a pivotal role in ensuring operational efficiency and safety. However, current systems remain heavily dependent on manual interventions for fault diag...
The grid integration of large scale photovoltaic (PV) power plants represents many challenging tasks for system stability, reliability and power quality due to the intermittent nature of solar radiation and the site accessibility issues where most PV...
When equipped with an on-board wireless kit, electric vehicles (EVs) can communicate with nearby entities, e.g., road side units (RSUs), via a vehicle ad-hoc network (VANET). More observability enables smart charging algorithms where charging station...
Substations are becoming increasingly reliant on international electrotechnical commission (IEC)-61850-enabled devices. However, device compatibility with these standards does not guarantee interoperability when devices are taken from different manuf...
Communication plays a key role in the effective management of virtual power plants (VPPs). For effective and stable operation of VPPs, a reliable, secure, and standardized communication infrastructure is required. In the literature, efforts were made...
Digital substations, also referred to as modern power grid substations, utilize the IEC 61850 station and process bus in conjunction with IP-based communication. This includes communication with switch yard equipment within the substation as well as...
Smartgrid technologies necessitate the use of information technologies (IT) and communication in power system networks. There are different ways of integrating power system equipment in the communication layer for successful information exchange. IEC...
Standardized communication plays an important role in substation automation system (SAS). IEC 61850 is a de-facto standard in SAS. It facilitates smooth communication between different devices located in the substation by achieving interoperability....
IEC 61850 is a standard for the design and operation of electrical Substation Automation Systems (SAS) that defines how data may be transferred among Intelligent Electronic Devices (IEDs). The defined data models can be mapped into application protoc...
The open-platform communication (OPC) unified architecture (UA) (IEC62541) is introduced as a key technology for realizing a variety of smart grid (SG) use cases enabling relevant automation and control tasks. The OPC UA can expand interoperability b...
The evolution of power systems towards the Smart Grid has introduced a significant number of unsolved issues degrading its accelerated deployment. The centralized control of distributed energy resources (DER) by utilizing virtual power plants is one...
Process bus communication has an important role to digitalize substations. The IEC 61850-9-2 standard specifies the requirements to transmit digital data over Ethernet networks. The paper analyses the impact of IEC 61850-9-2LE on physical protections...
Parallel redundancy protocol (PRP) and high-availability redundancy protocol (HSR) are widely adopted protocols based on IEC 61850 standard to support zero recovery communication networks for time-critical and reliable interactions in power system su...
IEC 61850 is one of the most prominent communication standards adopted by the smart grid community due to its high scalability, multi-vendor interoperability, and support for several input/output devices. Generic Object-Oriented Substation Events (GO...
Smart Grids are electricity networks that use digital technology to co-ordinate the needs and capabilities of all generators, grid operators, end users and electricity market stakeholders in such a way that it can optimize asset utilization and opera...
Interoperability of charging infrastructures is a key success factor for E-Mobility. Standards like ISO/IEC 15118 and IEC 61851-1 are developed to ensure base level interoperability of front-end com- munication and signaling processes for smart charg...
IEC 61850 is one of the most accepted standards worldwide for the automation of electrical substations. This standard uses Substation Configuration Language (SCL) for describing the data model and services from electrical substation components, and S...
The electric vehicle market is rapidly growing due to its environmental friendliness and governmental support. As electric vehicles are powered by electricity, the interoperability between the vehicles and the chargers made by multiple vendors is cru...
Due to the high penetration of distributed energy resources (DER) and emerging DER interconnection and interoperability requirements, fast and standardized information exchange is essential for stable, resilient, and reliable operations in microgrids...
The electrical power system is susceptible to several faults, which can cause the system to malfunction. Among these, the ones that occur in the busbars of substations stand out. The main bus of a substation can concentrate a large amount of power an...
In the classic energy sector, as well as in the manufacturing and process industries, Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) systems are used for electrical substation control. However, PLCs frequently do not support the communication protocols defined...
Since the 1990s, the digitalization process has transformed the communication infrastructure within the electrical grid: proprietary infrastructures and protocols have been replaced by the IEC 61850 approach, which realizes interoperability among ven...
As we move toward increasing the grid integration of large-scale wind farms (WFs), reliable monitoring, protection, and control are needed to ensure grid stability. WFs are considered to be large and complex cyber physical systems owing to coupling b...
Communication protocols play a pivotal role in the substation automation system as they carry critical information related to asset control, automation, protection, and monitoring. Substation legacy protocols run the assets’ bulk data on multip...
This paper proposes an economical scheme to provide redundancy for protection in digital power sub-transmission and distribution substations. The scheme is based on Ethernet communication networks and uses the International Electrotechnical Commissio...
Green buildings increasingly couple electrical, thermal, and hydrogen subsystems, yet these assets are typically monitored and controlled through separate standards and protocols. The resulting heterogeneous information models and communication stack...
The rapid integration of wind power plants (WPPs) into modern electrical power systems (MEPSs) is crucial to global decarbonization, but it introduces significant technical challenges. Variability, intermittency, and forecasting uncertainty compromis...
Visions of energy transition focus on activating end users, meaning that numerous flexible-distribution network-level devices become active participants in power-system operations. This implies a fast, reliable, and secure exchange of data, enabling...
As the number of active components increase, distribution networks become harder to control. Microgrids are proposed to divide large networks into smaller, more manageable portions. The benefits of using microgrids are multiple; the cost of installat...
Renewable energy sources, which are controllable under the management of the microgrids with the contribution of energy storage systems and smart inverters, can support power system frequency regulation along with traditionally frequency control prov...
Rapid progress of computing and info-communication technologies (ICT) has changed the ecosystem of power production and delivery. Today, an energy network is a complex set of interrelated devices and information systems covering all areas of electric...
The increasing complexity of modern electrical networks poses significant challenges in terms of monitoring, maintenance, and operational efficiency. However, current planning approaches often lack a unified integration of real-time data and predicti...
As a result of the energy transition, an increasing number of Decentralized Energy Systems (DES) will be installed in the distribution grid in the future. Accordingly, new methods to systematically integrate the growing DES in distribution power syst...
In recent years, cyber attacks against critical infrastructure have been increasing and are becoming stealthy and persistent. Attackers or malware may be hiding in the system after penetration to collect system information. They would further make la...
Distributed control and optimization strategies are a promising alternative approach to centralized control within microgrids. In this paper, a multi-agent system is developed to deal with the distributed secondary control of islanded microgrids. Two...
Nowadays, the incorporation and constant evolution of communication networks in the electricity sector have given rise to the so-called Smart Grid, which is why it is necessary to have devices that are capable of managing new communication protocols,...
Interoperability testing and analysis tools provide a means for achieving and assuring the integrity of multivendor intelligent electronic devices (IEDs) data exchanges. However, the testing and analysis are very time consuming and error prone, and t...
Modern power systems, particularly those integrating smart grid and microgrid functionalities, demand efficient high-speed data processing to manage increasingly complex operational requirements. In response to these challenges, this paper proposes a...
Traditional unidirectional power systems that produce large-scale electricity and supply it using an ultra-high voltage power grid are changing globally to increase efficiency. Current substations’ protection relays rely only on internal substa...
With the advent of the new information technologies, the power communication service object is continuously enhanced by the modernization level of the switches architecture designed in the substation automation environment. In the futuristic plan, th...
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