For thousands of years, nature has been a source of medical substances, and an astounding numeral of contemporary remedies have been identified from natural origins. Plants have long been used as folk herbal medicines to treat various disorders, and...
Inflammation is an essential defense mechanism against harmful stimuli. However, uncontrolled inflammatory mechanisms culminate in disturbed responses that contribute to multiple serious diseases. Besides common synthetic drugs, there is a growing in...
The drug discovery and development process is very lengthy, highly expensive, and extremely complex in nature. Considering the time and cost constraints associated with conventional drug discovery, new methods must be found to enhance the declining e...
Drug discovery and repositioning are important processes for the pharmaceutical industry. These processes demand a high investment in resources and are time-consuming. Several strategies have been used to address this problem, including computer-aide...
Background/Objectives: The interaction of bioactive compounds derived from plants with drugs has become a significant area of investigation due to its potential to improve, reduce, or have no effect on therapeutic outcomes. Due to the dual effect of...
Background/Objectives: Sleep is essential to human health, playing a vital role in physical and mental well-being. Sleep disorders can lead to significant health complications, such as cardiovascular problems, diabetes, obesity, and depression. In Br...
This review was performed to determine the potential of drugs that can remove or decrease the requirements for blood transfusion among beta (β)-thalassemia patients. A comprehensive literature search was conducted to identify clinical trials and...
The endocannabinoid system is found throughout the CNS and the body where it impacts many important physiological processes. Expectations were high that targeting cannabinoid receptors would prove therapeutically beneficial; pharmaceutical companies...
Background/Objectives: The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) in pharmaceutical research and development is transforming the industry by improving efficiency and effectiveness across drug discovery, development, and...
Plants and plant extracts have long been acknowledged as valuable resources for the development of therapeutic formulations for various diseases. Among them, numerous plants and plant-derived products have demonstrated cytotoxic and/or anti-tumor pro...
Background: The recurring actions and intrusive thoughts that characterise obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD), a long-term mental illness, are known as compulsions. The cornerstones of conventional treatment are psychological counselling and p...
The review explores the critical role of chirality in the pharmacology of antidepressant drugs, focusing on how the stereochemistry of these compounds influences their biological activity and therapeutic outcomes. Antidepressants, especially modern c...
Zilucoplan is a synthetic macrocyclic peptide approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), in October 2023, for the treatment of generalized myasthenia gravis. It is considered as an orphan drug that causes the inhibition of terminal complemen...
The kallikrein–kinin system consists of the two kininogen substrates present in the blood plasma, and two serine proteases: the plasma and tissue kallikreins. The action of the latter on kininogens produces small peptides, the kinins, short-liv...
ACE inhibitors, sartans, and sacubitril are among the most important drugs for the prevention of cardiovascular mortality and morbidity. At the same time, they are known to cause non-allergic bradykinin-mediated angioedema, a potentially fatal swelli...
Suzetrigine represents a groundbreaking advancement in acute pain management as the first FDA-approved selective Nav1.8 inhibitor. This comprehensive review synthesizes data from clinical trials, pharmacological studies, and prescribing information t...
Cancer, also known as malignant tumour or neoplasm, is a leading cause of death worldwide. One distinct feature from normal cells is that cancerous cells often overexpress protein on the cell membrane—for instance, the overexpression of human e...
The monolayer (two-dimensional or 2D) cell culture, while widely used, lacks fidelity in replicating vital cell interactions seen in vivo, leading to a shift toward three-dimensional (3D) models. Although monolayers offer simplicity and cost-effectiv...
Engineered exosomes have emerged as transformative drug carriers, uniquely equipped to overcome biological barriers in central nervous system (CNS) disorders and cancer therapy. These natural extracellular vesicles, derived from cell membranes, offer...
The Warburg effect (or aerobic glycolysis), which was first described in 1926 by Otto Heinrich Warburg, consists of the change in glucose metabolism in cancer cells. In normal cells, glucose metabolism finalizes in the mitochondria through oxidative...
Sebetralstat is a novel, potent, and selective oral plasma kallikrein inhibitor drug candidate in clinical development for the on-demand treatment of hereditary angioedema (HAE). Upon binding, sebetralstat induces a conformational change in the activ...
COVID-19, first identified in December 2019 in Wuhan, China, is caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, a pathogen that primarily targets the respiratory system and can lead to severe conditions such as acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Among the s...
Background/Objectives: Natural products, especially plant metabolites, play a crucial role in drug development and are widely used in medicine, cosmetics, and nutrition. The present review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the pharmacologic...
Background/Objectives: Uveal melanoma (UM) is a rare but deadly ocular cancer. This review summarizes the characteristics of uveal melanoma and current therapeutic options for primary uveal melanoma and metastatic uveal melanoma, and introduces recen...
To date, numerous studies have emerged that indicate the possible role of epigenetic modulation in the development and progression of several diseases, including cancer. Epigenetic alterations participate in various steps of carcinogenesis. They play...
The Met protein is a cell surface receptor tyrosine kinase predominantly expressed in epithelial cells. Aberrant regulation of MET is manifested by numerous mechanisms including amplification, mutations, deletion, fusion of the MET proto-oncogene, an...
Green nanotechnology is a promising technology that has a wide range of applications in pharmaceuticals today because they offer a higher surface-area-to-volume ratio. Algal-based nanoparticles (NPs) are the subject of intense research interest today...
Wound healing is an unresolved therapeutic challenge for the medical community, as wound assessment and management is a complex procedure involving numerous factors that play a significant role in the healing process. Several factors, including bacte...
Cerebral ischemia represents a particular condition among neurological diseases due to its high frequency, high associated mortality, and the permanent disability in patients that survive it. Numerous studies in animal models have demonstrated the pr...
The dietary reference levels for vitamin D were established with an emphasis on its role in bone health; however, with the identification of vitamin D receptors in all body tissues novel associations with other metabolic disorders, such as diabetes,...
For decades, oxybutynin hydrochloride has been prescribed to improve bladder control in cases of incontinence and excessive urination frequency. This review summarizes synthetic methods enabling the preparation of the racemic drug and, in a detailed...
The uncontrolled increasing clinical resistance to the current anti-parasitic drugs towards important protozoan parasites (Plasmodium, Leishmania, Trypanosoma and Toxoplasma) has stimulated the search for novel and safe therapeutic agents at affordab...
We reviewed the patentability of rosemary-derived drugs and bioactive compounds over the last 20 years and analyzed patent documents related to the rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis Linné) plant using patent analysis techniques. A total of 12,3...
The indole scaffold is considered a privileged framework in the design and synthesis of several active pharmaceutical ingredients, particularly as promising anticancer agents. Its presence in several bioactive natural compounds has caught the attenti...
Exportin 1 (XPO1) is a crucial molecule of nucleocytoplasmic transport. Among others, it exports molecules important for oncogenesis from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. The expression of XPO1 is increased in numerous malignancies, which contributes to...
Alzheimer’s disease (AD), an ongoing neurodegenerative disorder among the elderly, is signalized by amnesia, progressive deficiency in cognitive roles, and behavioral deformity. Over the last ten years, its pathogenesis still remains unclear de...
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic systemic inflammatory disorder primarily targeting joints, leading to pain, swelling, and stiffness. RA results from the body’s own immune system attacking its own tissues. Currently, there are various tre...
Liver cancer is a high mortality cancer, and its increasing prevalence is a concern worldwide. Current treatment modalities for liver cancer include chemotherapy and immunotherapy. These therapies provide symptomatic relief and help prolong the lives...
Docetaxel (DTX) and betulinic acid (BA) co-encapsulated poly-lactic co-glycolic acid (PLGA) nanoparticles (NPs) were developed for enhanced lung cancer activity in vitro. Poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) was used as an encapsulating polymer alon...
Plants belonging to the genus Irvingia are widespread across the African and Southeast Asian regions of the world. Irvingia gabonensis, Irvingia malayana, and Irvingia grandifolia are among the commonly used species in ethnomedicine, especially in Af...
In this paper, we report on the use of a purpose-built hybrid solid-state microwave and radiofrequency generator operating at frequencies of 2.45 GHz and/or 480 kHz for cancer ablation in various tissues. The hybrid generator was tested ex vivo on ch...
Therapeutic phages against pathogenic bacteria should kill the bacteria efficiently before the latter evolve resistance against the phages. While many factors contribute to phage efficiency in killing bacteria, such as phage attachment to host, deliv...
In recent decades, acceptance of nanoparticles (NPs) in therapeutic applications has increased because of their outstanding physicochemical features. By overcoming the drawbacks of conventional therapy, the utilization of metal NPs, metal-oxide, or m...
Background/Objectives: Cancer is a leading cause of death. However, recently developed immunotherapies have shown significant promise to improve cancer treatment outcomes and survival rates. Pembrolizumab, a cancer immunotherapy drug, enables a stron...
This review article emphasizes the current enlargements in the formation and properties of the various nanostructured aggregates resulting from the self-assembly of a variety of block copolymers (BCPs) in an aqueous solution. The development of the d...
The present study was designed to establish the phenolic profile and explore the potential lipid-lowering effect of two Moroccan date fruit varieties (Majhoul and Bousrdoun). HPLC-DAD has been used for phenolic profiling. Lipid peroxidation was measu...
Current treatment options for Alzheimer’s disease target neurotransmitters following the disease onset, and they offer limited efficacy without slowing down the disease progression. There has been an increasing concern in recent years targeting...
The COVID-19 pandemic, driven by the high transmissibility and immune evasion caused by SARS-CoV-2 and its variants (e.g., Alpha, Delta, Omicron), has led to massive casualties worldwide. As of November 2024, the International Committee on Taxonomy o...
Background/Objectives: This systematic review explores the utilization of electrospinning for the incorporation of natural compounds, focusing on their pharmacological applications. Methods: This systematic review focused on studies investigating the...
Recurrence of cancer after primary tumour resection is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality. Preclinical research indicates that surgery induces a stress response that inhibits cell-mediated immunity as a possible basis for risk of recurrence....
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