Applied Sciences, Volume 13, Issue 17

Base45 encodes pairs of octets using 3 characters from an alphabet of 45 printable symbols. Previous works showed the ability to hide payload data into encoded strings by exploiting the unused configurations of the Base45 encoding. In this paper, we...

X-ray diffraction (XRD) is a proven, powerful technique for determining the phase composition, structure, and microstructural features of crystalline materials. The use of machine learning (ML) techniques applied to crystalline materials research has...

Significant thermochemical nonequilibrium effects always exist in the flow field around hypersonic vehicle at extreme flight condition. Previous studies have proposed various thermodynamic and chemical kinetic models to describe the thermochemical no...

The fatigue safety of cable-girder anchorage structures in cable-stayed bridges under long-term service has attracted much attention. For bridges located in seasonally cold regions, the effect of low-temperature environments should be considered when...

Alternative methods of presenting the information contained in mathematical images, which are adapted to the needs of blind people, are significant challenges in modern education. This article presents an alternative multimodal method that substitute...

This paper introduces a novel approach for mapping process description with Scan data to Building Information Modeling (BIM) in a 3D Geographic Information System (GIS). The methodology focuses on automatically generating building mass and facade inf...

Due to the high cost and the predicted shortage of rare earth elements in the near future, the task of developing energy-efficient electric machines without rare earth magnets is of great importance. This article presents a comparative analysis of op...

Wheat production safety is facing serious challenges because wheat yellow rust is a worldwide disease. Wheat yellow rust may have no obvious external manifestations in the early stage, and it is difficult to detect whether it is infected, but in the...

Overhead hoist transportation systems (OHTS) have been the subject of worldwide research and development in recent years. The majority of these systems are utilized in semi-automated or fully automated factories. This article proposes a new solution...

In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a brain robot in rehabilitation that combines motor imagery (MI), robotic motor assistance, and electrical stimulation. Thirteen in-patients with severe post-stroke hemiplegia underwent electro...

Xiong’an New Area is a national event and a project planned for a millennium of China. Its high-quality construction is of great significance to easing the noncapital functions of Beijing and the coordinated development of the Beijing-Tianjin-H...

Deep learning has experienced an increased demand for its capabilities to categorize and optimize operations and provide higher-accuracy information. For this purpose, the implication of deep learning procedures has been described as a vital tool for...

Eucalyptus globulus leaves contain various types of phenolic metabolites related to their antioxidant effects such as acids, catechin, flavonoids, and others. To optimize its antioxidative phenolic contents, E. globulus was extracted under various so...

Static guided surgery for dental implant insertion is a well-documented procedure requiring the manufacturing of a custom-made surgical guide, either teeth-supported, mucosal-supported, bone-supported, or mixed (teeth-mucosal-supported), depending on...

In recent years, several strategies have been introduced to enhance early warning systems and lower the risk of rock-falls. In this regard, this paper introduces a deep learning- and IoT-based framework for rock-fall early warning, devoted to reducin...

Breast cancer is a generalized global problem. Biomarkers are the active substances that have been considered as the signature of the existence and evolution of cancer. Early screening of different biomarkers associated with breast cancer can help do...

This study summarizes the engineering design and calculation methods of micropiles and proposes a pile length optimization model based on numerical simulation software. Based on the proposed micropile calculation method and optimization method, a spe...

Radiation therapy for treating shallow tumors is challenging, necessitating the use of boluses. This study introduces the first application of the life-casting method to fabricate patient-specific bolus molds from gypsum sheets, comparing them with c...

The effectiveness of a cruise ship’s emergency evacuation is greatly influenced by the way people interact; this paper uses the social force model to simulate two different evacuation scenarios considering the impact of small groups. It uses an...

Current construction codes require detailed analyses for structural retrofitting, which must consider performance during seismic events. Therefore, the computational models used to evaluate existing infrastructure require nonlinear structural analysi...

This study aims to address the challenge of implementing Lean philosophy in Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) and fill the research gap regarding Lean application in vehicle seat upholstery maintenance/repairing processes. The Lean tools applied in...

The paper presents the problem of generation and validation of Velocity Interval Depth (VID) models with the application of non-seismic geophysical and geological data. The study area is a part of the Carpathian Foredeep located close to its contact...

Additive manufacturing (AM) or additive layer manufacturing (ALM), defined by the International Organization for Standardization and American Society of Testing and Materials (ISO/ASTM 52900) as the “process of joining materials to make parts f...

The extraction of impacted third molars is one of the most common dental operations. When the impacted third molar is extracted, the operation plan is generally different because of the different impacted positions of the tooth. Therefore, judging th...

This paper proposes a novel Sea Drift Trajectory Prediction method based on the Quantum Convolutional Long Short-Term Memory (QCNN-LSTM) model. Accurately predicting sea drift trajectories is a challenging task, as they are influenced by various comp...

The surrounding rock during a coal mine excavation is prone to significant engineering disasters such as considerable deformation and rock bursts. Pressure release can improve the stress field of a deep rock mass and prevent the occurrence of dangers...

Active optics is a key technology in ground-based large-aperture telescopes. The active correction of the surface shape of the primary mirror is used to reduce the surface shape error and improve the imaging quality. At present, the structure of the...

In data science and visualization, dimensionality reduction techniques have been extensively employed for exploring large datasets. These techniques involve the transformation of high-dimensional data into reduced versions, typically in 2D, with the...

Using experimental methods to study the influence of hole and cracks on the mechanical properties and fracture characteristics of rock-like mortar materials under biaxial compression conditions. The double crack specimens with hole depths from 0&ndas...

This paper presents the design and testing of an ultra-low-noise transimpedance amplifier (TIA) for low-frequency noise measurements on low-impedance (below 1 kΩ) devices, such as advanced IR photodetectors. When dealing with low-impedance devi...

An approach based on an artificial neural network (ANN) for the prediction of NOx emissions from underground load–haul–dumping (LHD) vehicles powered by diesel engines is proposed. A Feed-Forward Neural Network, the Multi-Layer Perceptron...

Due to its unique geographic and tectonic location, the Bou Azzer inlier has drawn increased interest in mining studies. The inlier’s basement structure remains subject to investigation meanwhile faults and igneous rocks affect the local geolog...

Sunflower is a major agricultural oilseed crop, and the Republic of Kazakhstan has been steadily strengthening its position as a producer of oilseeds. In this study, an oil pressing machine with two processes, including grinding sunflower seeds and p...

The spontaneous directional transportation (SDT) of water and gas has functions such as efficient water collection, enhanced heat transfer, underwater drag reduction, and so on, having great application prospects in aerospace and navigation fields. T...

To address the phenomenon of color shift and low contrast in underwater images caused by wavelength- and distance-related attenuation and scattering when light propagates in water, we propose a method based on an attention mechanism and adversarial a...

In order to achieve reliability, security, and scalability, the request flow in the Internet of Things (IoT) needs to pass through the service function chain (SFC), which is composed of series-ordered virtual network functions (VNFs), then reach the...

In recent years, there has been rapid development in machine learning for solving artificial intelligence tasks in various fields, including translation, speech, and image processing. These AI tasks are often interconnected rather than independent. O...

The knowledge of the microbiome in the anaerobic digestion (AD) is critical for stabilizing the process and optimizing the biogas yield. This work investigates the microbial ecology in four full-scale biogas plants with different feedstocks and proce...

With the upgrading of manufacturing production lines and innovations in information technology, logistics robot technology applied in factories is maturing. Rail-mounted logistics robots are suitable for precise material distribution in large product...

The aim of study was to evaluate the effects of interval training performed in hypoxia on aerobic capacity and second ventilatory threshold in young, untrained men. Participants (n = 48) were randomly divided into a control group and two groups perfo...

Background: Recurrent upper airway obstruction during sleep is a common feature of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Risk factors for the development of OSA include obesity, male gender and smoking. In addition, anatomical factors contribute to the deve...

Materials used for building façades should combine aesthetics with functionality and durability. Vitreous enamels are a class of inorganic coatings, with a glossy and brilliant aspect, as well as high chemical resistance and protective propert...

In this work, the path from the cultivation of Arthrospira platensis at an increased concentration of CO₂ to the production of bio-oil by hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) of the grown biomass is realized. The cultivation was carried out in a 90 L phot...

To test silicon photonics component performances, a silicon (Si) grating coupler (GC) is used to couple the light from a single-mode fiber (SMF) into the chip. However, silicon nitride (Si₃N₄) waveguides have recently become more popular for realizin...

Superannuation is the fund set aside by employers to provide their employees with a dignified retirement. Studies highlight that issues can arise with retirement funds from employers, such as failure to make required contributions to an employee&rsqu...

Integrating lexical information into Chinese character embedding is a valid method to figure out the Chinese named entity recognition (NER) issue. However, most existing methods focus only on the discovery of named entity boundaries, considering only...

One of the distinctive characteristics of cacti species is the presence of alkaloids. Alkaloids are nitrogenated molecules with hallucinogenic and pharmacological properties in humans and other animals. Plant cell, tissue, and organ culture have emer...

In recent years, large-scale pretrained language models have become widely used in natural language processing tasks. On this basis, prompt learning has achieved excellent performance in specific few-shot classification scenarios. The core idea of pr...

Unhydrated cementitious materials in high-performance concrete (HPC) and ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) undergo further hydration when they are further supplied with water. A further hydration experiment on cement pastes was conducted to stud...

The number system is the representation method of numbers, and number system conversion is the most basic function of a computing system. The decimal system is the most commonly used number system; however, it may not necessarily be the most suitable...