The continental United States is a global hotspot of severe thunderstorms and therefore is particularly vulnerable to social and economic damages from high-impact severe convective weather (SCW), such as tornadoes, thunderstorm winds, and large hail....
In this study, we propose a model called CNN-BiLSTM-AM that utilizes deep learning techniques to forecast severe convective weather based on ERA5 hourly data and observations. The model integrates a CNN with a Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (Bi...
In 2019–2020, an array weather radar (AWR) network consisting of seven X-band phased-array radars (PARs), with a detection spatial resolution of 30 m and a temporal resolution of 30 s, was built in the city of Foshan in China’s Guangdong...
The convection initiation (CI) mechanisms of severe storms have received increasing attention because severe storms have been occurring more frequently around the globe in recent years. In this work, the CI mechanisms of severe convective weather ass...
In this study, bias-corrected temperature and moisture retrievals from the Atmospheric Emitted Radiance Interferometer (AERI) were assimilated using the Data Assimilation Research Testbed ensemble adjustment Kalman filter to assess their impact on We...
This study explores the application of the fully convolutional network (FCN) algorithm to the field of meteorology, specifically for the short-term nowcasting of severe convective weather events such as hail, convective wind gust (CG), thunderstorms,...
Vertically developing convective clouds (VDCCs), characterized by cloud-top ascent and cooling, are critical precursors to severe convective weather due to their association with intense updrafts. However, existing studies are constrained by limited...
Effective and time-efficient aircraft assistance and guidance in severe weather environments remains a challenge for air traffic control. Air navigation service providers around the globe could greatly benefit from specific and adapted meteorological...
A long-lived supercell developed in Northwest Bulgaria on 15 May 2018 and inflicted widespread damage along its track. The first part of this article presents a detailed overview of the observed storm evolution. Doppler radar observations reveal that...
Thunderstorms in southeastern South America (SESA) stand out in satellite observations as being among the strongest on Earth in terms of satellite-based convective proxies, such as lightning flash rate per storm, the prevalence for extremely tall, wi...
Complex terrain features—in particular, environmental conditions, high population density and potential socio-economic damage—make the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt (TMVB) of particular interest regarding the study of deep convection and related severe...
Convective scale processes and, therefore, thunderstorm-related hazards cannot be simulated using regional climate models with horizontal grid spacing in the order of 10 km. However, larger-scale environmental conditions of these local high-impact ph...
The steady-state assumption commonly used in object-based tracking algorithms may be insufficient to determine the right track when a convective storm goes through a complicated evolution. Such an issue is exacerbated by the relatively coarse output...
Early warning of severe weather caused by intense convective weather systems is challenging. To help such activities, meteorological satellites with high temporal and spatial resolution have been utilized for the monitoring of instability trends alon...
Accurate and prior identification of local severe storm systems in pre-convection environments using geostationary satellite imagery measurements is a challenging task. Methodologies for “convective initiation” identification have already...
In late summer and autumn Mediterranean coastal regions are quite regularly affected by small-scale, flood-producing convective systems. The complexity of mesoscale triggering mechanisms, related to low-level temperature gradients, moisture convergen...
This work evaluates and compares the performance of the radar reflectivity and lightning data assimilation schemes implemented in weather research and forecasting-four-dimensional data assimilation (WRF-FDDA) for short-term precipitation and lightnin...
Data from the C-band weather radar located in central Estonia in conjunction with the latest reanalysis of the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF), ERA5, and Nordic Lightning Information System (NORDLIS) lightning location syst...
Based on the multi-source observation data and the National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP/NCAR) reanalysis data in Hunan from 2002 to 2021, this study statistically analyzes the climatic character...
Despite significant, steady improvements in the skill of medium-range weather prediction systems over the past several decades, the accuracy of these forecasts are occasionally very poor. These forecast failures are referred to as “busts”...
Severe convective phenomena cause significant loss in the economy and, primarily, casualties. Therefore, it is essential to forecast such extreme events to avoid or minimize the negative consequences. Wind shear provides an updraft-downdraft separati...
An improved approach to derive pseudo water vapor mass mixing ratio and in- cloud potential temperature was developed in this paper to better initialize numerical weather prediction (NWP) and build convective-scale predictions of severe weather event...
Weather radars play a crucial role in the monitoring of severe convective weather. However, due to their limited detection range, they cannot conduct an effective monitoring in remote offshore areas. Therefore, this paper utilized UNet++ to establish...
Lightning is one of the most severe natural disasters, characterized by its sudden onset, short duration, and significant damage. Existing quality control (QC) schemes for millisecond-level lightning observation data from a single source are primaril...
Automated and accurate radar dealiasing algorithms are very important for their assimilation into operational numerical weather forecasting models. A radar radial velocity dealiasing algorithm aimed at radar data assimilation is introduced and assess...
An increase in the frequency of atmospheric hazards in a changing climate has attracted interest in the study of regional features of mesoscale convective systems and trends of lightning activity. Severe convective storms are the most destructive wea...
A strong convective storm is a disastrous weather system with a small spatio-temporal scale. It often occurs suddenly and can cause huge disasters. Thus, it is necessary to improve the forecast accuracy of strong convective storms. Overshooting cloud...
Based on severe weather reports, surface precipitation observations, surface routine observations, and the European Center for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts ERA5 reanalysis dataset during the warm seasons (May–September) of 2011–2018 ove...
Radar data are essential to convection nowcasting and nudging-based radar data assimilation through diabatic initialization is one of the most effective approaches for forecasting convective systems with numerical weather prediction (NWP) models, use...
Short-term quantitative precipitation forecast is a challenging topic in meteorology, as the number of severe meteorological phenomena is increasing in most regions of the world. Weather radar data is of utmost importance to meteorologists for issuin...
Lake Victoria in East Africa supports the livelihood of thousands of fishermen and it is estimated that 3000–5000 human deaths occur per year over the lake. It is hypothesized that most of these fatalities are due to localized, severe winds pro...
Severe convective weather is marked by abrupt onset, rapid evolution, and substantial destructive potential, posing major threats to economic activities and human safety. To address this challenge, this study proposes MRKAN, a multi-parameter predict...
Severe convective weather is hugely destructive, causing significant loss of life and social and economic infrastructure. Based on the U-Net network with the attention mechanism, the recurrent convolution, and the residual module, a new model is prop...
In order to provide insights into how various page views are influenced by public engagement with weather information and to shed light on the patterns of warning issuance across different seasons and regions, this study analyzes the multi-dimensiona...
Radar systems provide the most useful information about the intensity, movement, and characteristics of severe thunderstorms, but are expensive to maintain and require extensive maintenance. In South Africa, some areas are not covered by radar system...
Fatalities associated with severe weather, collected from newspapers and other documentary sources, were used to create a corresponding database for the 1961–2020 period for the Czech Republic. Fatalities attributed to floods, windstorms, conve...
Intense thunderstorms known as Nor’westers develop in the Eastern and North Eastern parts of India and Bangladesh before the monsoon season (March to May). The associated severe weather can cause extensive damage to property and livestock. This...
Radar echo extrapolation (REE) is a crucial method for convective nowcasting, and current deep learning (DL)-based methods for REE have shown significant potential in severe weather forecasting tasks. Existing DL-based REE methods use extensive histo...
In the H2020 project “Satellite-borne and INsitu Observations to Predict The Initiation of Convection for ATM” (SINOPTICA), an air traffic controller support system was extended to organize approaching traffic even under severe weather co...
Severe convective storms that produce tornadoes and straight-line winds usually develop under particular environmental conditions and have specific signatures on the cloud tops associated with intense updrafts. In this study, we performed a comparati...
Among the densely-populated coastal areas of China, the southeastern coast has received less attention in convective development despite having been suffering from significantly increasing thunderstorm activities. The convective complexity under such...
The growth of air transport demand expected over the next decades, along with the increasing frequency and intensity of extreme weather events, such as heavy rainfalls and severe storms due to climate change, will pose a tough challenge for air traff...
Overshooting tops (OTs), prominent signatures within deep convective storms, are produced by intense updrafts and are closely linked to heavy rainfall, strong winds, and other severe weather conditions. Using an OT dataset derived from multiyear obse...
Lightning network data, considered as a useful supplement to radar observations, are a good indicator of severe convection, and has high temporal and spatial resolution. In Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) models, lightning data are a new source of...
On 13 August 2019, a severe convective precipitation event affected the Shanghai region. At 850 hPa, a low-level shear line influenced Shanghai with surface convergence, while at 700 hPa, an inversion layer separated warm, moist lower air from colder...
Convection monitoring and forecasting are crucial for air traffic management as they can lead to the development of intense thunderstorms and hazards such as severe turbulence and icing, lightning activity, microbursts and hail that affect aviation s...
Ground-based weather radar data plays an essential role in monitoring severe convective weather. The detection of such weather systems in time is critical for saving people’s lives and property. However, the limited spatial coverage of radars over th...
Numerical weather prediction (NWP) models are indispensable for studying severe convective weather events. Research demonstrates that the outcomes of convective precipitation simulations are profoundly influenced by the choice between single or doubl...
To accurately analyze the influence of similar weather scenes in the terminal area, a framework is proposed for identifying such scenarios based on the Multiresolution Spatiotemporal Window (MRSTW). The goal is to analyze the impact of similar weathe...
The Tibetan Plateau vortex (TPV), as an α-scale mesoscale weather system, often brings severe weather conditions like torrential rain and severe convective storms. Based on the detections from the Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) Core Obs...
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