4,442 Results Found

This study exposes the assessment of a piezo-actuated sensor for monitoring elastic variations (change in Young’s modulus) of a host structure in which it is attached. The host structure is monitored through a coupling interface connected to th...

Planar phase-variation microwave sensors have attracted increasing interest in recent years since they combine the advantages of planar technology (including low cost, low profile, and sensor integration with the associated circuitry for post-process...

This paper presents a novel approach for detecting sensor failures using image-based feature representation and the Convolutional Variational Autoencoder (CVAE) model. Existing methods are limited when analyzing multiple failure modes simultaneously...

Identifying the structural state without baseline data is an important engineering problem in the field of structural health monitoring, which is crucial for assessing the safety condition of structures. In the context of limited accelerometers avail...

Typically, the operating frequency in single-frequency reflective-mode phase-variation permittivity sensors based on semi-lumped resonators (e.g., step-impedance resonators—SIRs) is set to the resonance frequency of the sensing resonator when i...

Localization is one of the critical services in Underwater Acoustic Sensor Networks (UASNs). Due to harsh underwater environments, the nodes often move with currents continuously. Consequently, the acoustic signals usually propagate with varying spee...

Effective situation awareness relies on the robust processing of high-dimensional data streams generated by onboard sensors. However, the application of deep generative models to extract features from complex UAV sensor data (e.g., GPS, IMU, and rada...

Images captured by vision sensors in outdoor environments often suffer from haze-induced degradations, including blurred details, faded colors, and reduced visibility, which severely impair the performance of sensing and perception systems. To addres...

Patients with sleep apnea syndrome (SAS) have a risk of stroke that is more than three times higher than that of healthy individuals. Early detection and appropriate treatment are crucial for preventing serious complications, and detecting cyclic var...

The present work presents the results obtained with a stainless steel (SS) voltammetric sensor to detect variations in humidity (H₂O) and oxygen (O₂) availability in concretes. First, studies in solution were run by preparing several solutions to rep...

Many people find that their sleep is restricted or disturbed by social obligations, including work. Sleep phase delays can affect an individual’s circadian rhythms on the following day and cause daytime sleepiness and/or poor performance. In this stu...

In this paper, the authors describe the realization and testing of a Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) framework aiming at measuring, remotely and in real time, the level variations of the sand layer of sandy beaches or dunes. The proposed framework is b...

We propose a sensor technology for detecting dew condensation, which exploits a variation in the relative refractive index on the dew-friendly surface of an optical waveguide. The dew-condensation sensor is composed of a laser, waveguide, medium (i.e...

In this study, a concentration monitoring system was successfully developed. A sensor was immersed in electrical discharge machining oil, and the capacitance of the sensor changed as a function of the impurity concentration. Thus, DC voltage variatio...

The negative health impacts of air pollution are well documented. Not as well-documented, however, is how particulate matter varies at the hyper-local scale, and the role that proximal sources play in influencing neighborhood-scale patterns. We exami...

Recent advances in air pollution sensors have led to a new wave of low-cost measurement systems that can be deployed in dense networks to capture small-scale spatio-temporal variations in ozone, a pollutant known to cause negative human health impact...

In this paper we report on the results of the simulations of the electromagnetic properties of a metasurface composed of a 2D-array of plasmonic nanoantennas acting as polarisation insensitive dual band THz perfect absorber able to achieve absorption...

In this paper, reflective-mode phase-variation sensors based on open-ended stepped-impedance transmission lines with optimized sensitivity for their use as defect detectors and dielectric constant sensors are reported. The sensitive part of the senso...

This paper presents the development of an optical fiber sensor system for multiparametric assessment of temperature and turbidity in liquid samples. The sensors are based on the combination between fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs), intensity variation and...

Eddy current displacement sensors (ECDSs) are widely used for the noncontact position measurement of small displacements (lift-offs). Challenges arise with larger displacements as the sensitivity of the ECDSs decreases. This leads to a more pronounce...

Despite their advantages regarding production costs and flexibility, chemiresistive gas sensors often show drawbacks in reproducibility, signal drift and ageing. As pattern recognition algorithms, such as neural networks, are operating on top of raw...

Air pollution has become a severe environmental problem due to urbanization and heavy traffic. Monitoring street-level air quality is an important issue, but most official monitoring stations are installed to monitor large-scale air quality condition...

This study investigates indoor CO₂ levels in Croatian schools to identify environmental and temporal factors influencing classroom air quality. Using data from hundreds of low-cost sensors installed in 243 schools, we analyze seasonal patterns and di...

This paper presents a novel self-timed multi-purpose sensor especially conceived for Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs). The aim of the sensor is to measure performance variations during the life-cycle of the device, such as process variability,...

Accurate, real-time, and multi-scale soil water content (SWC) monitoring is crucial for understanding terrestrial energy, water, and nutrient cycles. This study assesses the potential of a portable cosmic-ray neutron sensor (CRNS) backpack for measur...

In Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) applications, the Direction of Arrival (DoA) estimation of Guided Waves (GW) on sensor arrays is often used as a fundamental means to locate Acoustic Sources (AS) generated by damages growth or undesired impacts...

Pulse and Glide (PnG), as a fuel-saving technique, has primarily been applied to manual transmission vehicles. So, its effectiveness when integrated with a novel vehicle type like connected and automated vehicles (CAVs) remains largely unexplored. On...

In this paper, we present an inertial sensor-based touch and shake metaphor for expressive control of a 3D virtual avatar in a virtual environment. An intuitive six degrees-of-freedom wireless inertial motion sensor is used as a gesture and motion c...

Hydrogen is an ideal energy carrier manufactured mainly by the natural gas steam reforming hydrogen production process. The concentrations of ${\mathrm{CH}}_4$, $\mathrm{CO}$, ${\mathrm{CO}}_2$, and ${\mathrm{H}}_2$ in this process are key variables related to product quality,...

Currently, traffic-related sources are considered to be one of the major contributors to air pollutants in urban areas. As the number of motor vehicles increases, the impact of traffic-related air pollutants (TRAPs) on human health has also increased...

This paper analyzes and compensates for process and temperature dependency among a (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor) CMOS image sensor (CIS) array. Both the analysis and compensation are supported with experimental results on the CIS’s...

An educational augmented reality auscultation system (EARS) is proposed to enhance the reality of auscultation training using a simulated patient. The conventional EARS cannot accurately reproduce breath sounds according to the breathing of a simulat...

A fiber reshaping-based refractive index (RI) sensor is proposed relying on both optical intensity variation and wavelength shift. The objective of this study is to completely reshape the core and to ultimately mimic a coreless fiber, thereby creatin...

An all-digital on-chip delay sensor (OCDS) circuit with high delay-measurement resolution and low supply-voltage sensitivity for efficient detection and diagnosis in high-performance electronic system applications is presented. Based on the proposed...

There is an opportunity to make a major reduction in the acceleration noise level for the first Next Generation Gravity Mission by replacing the accelerometers used on the GRACE Follow-On Mission by a highly simplified version of the Gravitational Re...

Laser-inscribed graphene (LIG) is an emerging material for micro-electronic applications and is being used to develop supercapacitors, soft actuators, triboelectric generators, and sensors. The fabrication technique is simple, yet the batch-to-batch...

Two-phase fluids are widely utilized in some industries, such as petrochemical, oil, water, and so on. Each phase, liquid and gas, needs to be measured. The measuring of the void fraction is vital in many industries because there are many two-phase f...

In recent years, LC resonant sensors have gained widespread attention for their extensive applications in industries such as pharmaceutical storage and food transportation. A wireless passive sensor with a good sensing performance is proposed based o...

We propose a fully on-chip CMOS temperature sensor in which a sub-threshold (sub-V_T) proportional-to-absolute-temperature (PTAT) current element starves a current-controlled oscillator (CCO). Sub-V_T design enables ultra-low-power operation of this te...

This review paper categorizes the state-of-the-art MOS (metal oxide semiconductor)-based temperature sensors according to their thermal sensing principles, including: type I, the logic, saturation and linear MOS-based temperature sensors; type II, th...

Variational auto-encoders (VAE) have been widely used in process modeling due to the ability of deep feature extraction and noise robustness. However, the construction of a supervised VAE model still faces huge challenges. The data generated by the e...

This paper develops a high-sensitivity flexible eddy current array (HS-FECA) sensor for crack monitoring of welded structures under varying environment. Firstly, effects of stress, temperature and crack on output signals of the traditional flexible e...

The paper describes experimental research and the results of these studies carried out in various bays of the Primorsky Territory of Russia using a supersensitive detector of hydrosphere pressure variations and a sound velocity profiler with pressure...

This article describes a method for the real-time monitoring of the current consumed by a Dynamixel MX 64 AT servomotor used in the actuation system of modular mobile robotic platforms having differential locomotion and conventional wheels. The data...

This study introduces a cost-effective solution and sensor arrays for the multipoint liquid-level measuring sensor based on an intensity modulation technique. The sensor structure is based on the twisting of two fibers and creates cascading to achiev...

Cloud-top heights (CTH), as one of the representative variables reflecting cloud macro-physical properties, affect the Earth–atmosphere system through radiation budget, water cycle, and atmospheric circulation. This study compares the CTH from passiv...

The spatial–temporal variations of fine particulate matter (PM_2.5) in Akure, a city in southwestern Nigeria, are examined based on multi-year continuous observations using low-cost PM_2.5 sensors at six different sites. The average annual concen...

The impact of temperature on bridges represents one of the main long-term challenges of structural health monitoring (SHM). Temperature is an environmental variable that changes both throughout the day and between different seasons, and its variation...

The development of Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) and Non-Destructive Testing (NDT) techniques has rapidly evolved and matured over the past few decades. Advances in sensor technology have facilitated deploying SHM systems for large-scale structu...

Multi-sensor systems are proliferating in the asset management industry. Industry 4.0, combined with the Internet of Things (IoT), has ushered in the requirements of prognostics and health management systems to predict the system’s reliability...