As a key component of transportation decarbonization, the adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) is rapidly increasing. However, EV batteries are typically retired once their state of health drops to around 80%, usually after 10 to 20 years of use. Desp...
The potential of renewable energy sources to lower greenhouse gas emissions and lessen our reliance on fossil fuels has accelerated their integration globally, and especially that of solar photovoltaic (PV) systems. Malaysia has shown great progress...
Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS) offer scalable energy storage solutions, especially valuable for remote, off-grid applications. However, traditional battery packs with fixed series-parallel configurations lack reconfigurability and are limited...
The transition to electric mobility has significantly increased the demand for lithium-ion batteries, raising concerns about their end-of-life management. Therefore, this study presents the design, development and first implementation steps of a stat...
7 September 2023
Battery storage is nowadays considered a key component not only in off-grid applications but also in the context of grid-tied, residential-scale systems, facilitating the broader use of RES even in heavily congested distribution grids. Since batterie...
Many electric vehicle (EV) batteries will retire in the next 5–10 years around the globe. These batteries are retired when no longer suitable for energy-intensive EV operations despite having 70–80% capacity left. The second-life use of t...
Solar-based home PV systems are the most amazing eco-friendly energy innovations in the world, which are not only climate-friendly but also cost-effective solutions. The tropical environment of Malaysia makes it difficult to adopt photovoltaic (PV) s...
The new Li-ion battery systems used in electric vehicles have an average capacity of 50 kWh and are expected to be discarded when they reach approximately 80% of their initial capacity, because they are considered to no longer be sufficient for tract...
This article provides a comprehensive overview of the potential challenges and solutions of second-life batteries. First, safety issues of second-life batteries are investigated, which is highly related to the thermal runaway of battery systems. The...
Recently, second-life battery systems have received a growing interest as one of the most promising alternatives for decreasing the overall cost of the battery storage systems in stationary applications. The high-cost of batteries represents a promin...
Repurposing retired electric vehicle (EV) batteries provides a potential way to reduce EV cost hurdles. Embedded in energy storage systems, second-life EV batteries could unlock the energy storage market and generate synergic value for the energy sec...
With the fast development of the electric vehicle industry, the reuse of second-life batteries in vehicles are becoming more attractive, however, both the state-of-charge (SOC) inconsistency and the capacity inconsistency of second-life batteries hav...
Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) dominate energy storage for electric vehicles (EVs) due to their high energy density, long cycle life, and low self-discharge. However, high costs, complex manufacturing, and the requirement for advanced battery managemen...
Developed societies with advanced economic performance are undoubtedly coupled with the availability of electrical energy. Whilst industrialized nations already started to decrease associated carbon emissions in many business sectors, e.g., by substi...
Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESSs) are critical in modernizing energy systems, addressing key challenges associated with the variability in renewable energy sources, and enhancing grid stability and resilience. This review explores the diverse ap...
The transition toward renewable-powered greenhouse agriculture offers opportunities for reducing operational costs and environmental impacts, yet challenges remain in managing fluctuating energy loads and optimizing agricultural inputs. While second-...
Battery energy storage systems (BESSs) can overwhelm some of the environmental challenges of a low-carbon power sector through self-consumption with standalone photovoltaic (PV) systems. This solution can be adapted for different applications such as...
The rapid growth of electric vehicle markets is producing large volumes of retired lithium-ion batteries retaining 70–80% of their original capacity, suitable for stationary energy storage. This study assesses the techno-economic and environmen...
The occurrence of extreme disasters, such as seismic hazards, can significantly disrupt transportation and distribution networks (DNs), consequently impacting the post-disaster recovery process. Restoring load using distributed generation represents...
This paper shows an impact assessment of second-life batteries (SLBs) and local photovoltaics (PV) for decarbonizing enterprises through system digitalization and energy management. SLBs from electric vehicles offer a cost-effective and environmental...
Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are widely deployed in electric vehicles due to their high energy density and long cycle life. Even after retirement, typically at around 80% of their rated capacity, LIBs can still be repurposed for second-life applicati...
Catenary-powered networks are expected to play a pivotal role in urban energy transition, due to the larger deployment of electric public transport, in-motion-charging (IMC) vehicles, and catenary-backed electric vehicle chargers. However, there are...
The rapid growth of electric vehicle (EV) adoption in Malaysia is projected to generate substantial volumes of end-of-life lithium-ion batteries, creating both environmental challenges and opportunities for repurposing into second-life batteries (SLB...
As the number of parallel battery connections in an energy storage system is increased to extend the energy capacity and second-life batteries are actively adopted, the battery is more prone to cell inconsistency issues. The difference in the interna...
The increasing penetration of renewable energy sources (RESs) in transmission and distribution systems presents several challenges for grid operators. In particular, the unpredictable behavior of RESs can disrupt the balance between energy production...
Water is an essential resource required for various human activities such as drinking, cooking, growing food, and personal hygiene. As a key infrastructure of public services, access to clean and safe drinking water is an essential factor for local s...
This article analyses the possibility of using Li-ion batteries removed from battery electric vehicles (BEVs) as short-term energy storage devices in a near-zero energy building (nZEB) in conjunction with a rooftop photovoltaic (PV) system. The techn...
Batteries are essential for the functionality of electric vehicles (EVs), leading to their design with enhanced performance and durability. Consequently, traction batteries are often replaced while they still retain the properties for use in less str...
Once lithium-ion batteries degrade to below about 80% of their original capacity, they are no longer considered satisfactory for electric vehicles (EVs), but they are still adequate for second-life energy storage applications. However, once this leve...
This study investigates the design and sizing of the second life battery energy storage system applied to a residential building with an EV charging station. Lithium-ion batteries have an approximate remaining capacity of 75–80% when disposed f...
The development of Li-ion batteries has enabled the re-entry of electric vehicles into the market. As car manufacturers strive to reach higher practical specific energies (550 Wh/kg) than what is achievable for Li-ion batteries, new alternatives for...
The Sustainability Assessment of Second Life Applications of Automotive Batteries (SASLAB) exploratory research project of the European Commission’s Joint Research Centre (JRC) aims at developing and applying a methodology to analyse the sustainabili...
There is increased talk about using second-life batteries in applications. In first-life applications, the batteries start from new, and a range of life cycle estimation techniques are applied. However, it is not clear how second-life batteries shoul...
Power systems are facing increasing strain due to the worldwide diffusion of electric vehicles (EVs). The need for charging stations (CSs) for battery electric vehicles (BEVs) in urban and private parking areas (PAs) is becoming a relevant issue. In...
As the demand for second-life lithium-ion battery applications continues to grow, efficient cell equalization has become essential to mitigate parameter inconsistencies and extend system longevity. Owing to their diverse origins and varying aging pat...
A rapid growth in electric vehicles has led to a massive number of retired batteries in the transportation sector after 8–10 years of use. However, retired batteries retain over 60% of their original capacity and can be employed in less demandi...
The increasing adoption of renewable energy sources necessitates efficient energy storage solutions, with buildings emerging as critical nodes in residential energy systems. This review synthesizes state-of-the-art research on the role of batteries i...
The recent rise of renewable energy sources connected to the distribution networks and the high peak consumptions requested by electric vehicle-charging bring new challenges for network operators. To operate smart electricity grids, cooperation betwe...
Large quantities of battery systems will be discarded from electric vehicles in the future. Non-destructive separation of used electric vehicle (EV) traction batteries enables a second life of battery components, extraction of high value secondary ma...
Energy storage system (ESS) has been advocated as one of the key elements for the future energy system by the fast power regulation and energy transfer capabilities. In particular, for distribution networks with high penetration of renewables, ESS pl...
Electric vehicle battery second-life applications are gaining attention as a way to minimize the environmental impact and increase economic profits. However, the demand for stationary energy storage is expected to be saturated in the near future with...
Electric vehicle (EV) batteries, i.e., currently almost exclusively lithium-ion batteries, are removed from the vehicle once they no longer meet certain requirements. However, instead of being disposed of or recycled, the removed batteries can be use...
For the reuse of traction batteries, many different scenarios exist, for example, stationary storage farms or fast charging stations. Another second-life usage scenario is the reuse of batteries as home energy storage in combination with a photovolta...
Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have been proven to be increasingly popular and are the solution of choice for many companies and business models around the world. One major question for battery owners is how to deal with returning batteries if they sti...
In the last few years, the growing demand for electric vehicles (EVs) in the transportation sector has contributed to the increased use of electric rechargeable batteries. At present, lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries are the most commonly used in elect...
With the development of the electric vehicle industry, the number of batteries that are retired from vehicles is increasing rapidly, which raises critical environmental and waste issues. Second-life batteries recycled from automobiles have eighty per...
The integration of Battery Swapping Stations (BSSs) into smart microgrids presents an opportunity to optimize energy generation, storage, and consumption. However, there exists a gap in the literature regarding the detailed analysis of the profitabil...
LiFePO4 (LFP) batteries are well known for their long cycle life. However, there are many reports of significant capacity degradation in LFP battery packs after only three to five years of operation. This study assesses the second-life potential of c...
This paper presents both the techno-economic planning and a comprehensive sensitivity analysis of an off-grid fully renewable energy-based microgrid (MG) intended to be used as an electric vehicle (EV) charging station. Different possible plans are c...
Second-life businesses from Electric Vehicle (EV) batteries are gaining attention considering that these batteries are deemed as inappropriate for transport purposes once they reach 80 or 70% of State of Health (SoH). However, the limited number of r...
of 6