Surface electromyography (sEMG) has emerged as a valuable tool for assessing muscle activity in various clinical and research settings. This review focuses on the application of sEMG specifically in the context of paraspinal muscles. The paraspinal m...
Open posterior lumbar surgery involves detaching paraspinal muscles from the spine to decompress neural tissues and to place instruments. While this operation improves the quality of life, it often has adverse effects on skeletal muscles like inflamm...
The accurate segmentation of the paraspinal muscle in Magnetic Resonance (MR) images is a critical step in the automated analysis of lumbar diseases such as chronic low back pain, disc herniation and lumbar spinal stenosis. However, the automatic seg...
Introduction: With age and injury, the infiltration of fat in the paraspinal muscles can cause degeneration, disorganizing the structural integrity of the connective tissue and causing lower back pain (LBP). Human umbilical cord tissue allografts (UC...
Objectives: To characterize paraspinal muscle asymmetry using quantitative CT parameters in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) and to examine the associations among muscle asymmetry, vertebral rotation, and curve severity. Methods: A retrospective...
12 April 2021
The objective of this study was to assess the cross-sectional areas (CSA) of lumbar paraspinal muscles and their fatty degeneration in adults with degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis (DLS) diagnosed with chronic radiculopathy, compare them with tho...
Pedicle screw instrumentation (PSI) through posterior approach has been the mainstay of deformity correction for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). However, changes in the quantity of paraspinal muscles after AIS surgery has remained largely unkn...
Texture analysis (TA) has shown promise as a surrogate marker for tissue structure, based on conventional and quantitative MRI sequences. Chemical-shift-encoding-based MRI (CSE-MRI)-derived proton density fat fraction (PDFF) of paraspinal muscles has...
Background/Objectives: Spinopelvic alignment represents the sagittal relationship between the lumbar spine and pelvis and is closely related to compensatory posture and disability in degenerative lumbar diseases. Previous studies have mainly focused...
Background/Objectives: Paraspinal muscles are important for maintaining cervical spine function and stability; however, the degeneration of these muscles is common in patients with degenerative disk disease. Such muscular changes may affect recovery...
Background/Objectives: Post-polio syndrome (PPS) affects former polio patients, manifesting decades after initial infection with progressive symptoms like pain, fatigue, and muscle weakness. Diagnosis relies on the clinical criteria and exclusion of...
In this study, the associations of cervical and lumbar paraspinal musculature based on a texture analysis of proton density fat fraction (PDFF) maps were investigated to identify gender- and anatomical location-specific structural patterns. Seventy-n...
(1) Background: Paraspinal muscle degeneration affects the quality of life in patients with degenerative lumbar scoliosis (DLS) and lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS). We aimed to describe the characteristics and differences in the paraspinal muscle parame...
Low back pain (LBP), a globally widespread and persistent musculoskeletal disorder, benefits from exercise therapy. However, it remains unclear which type leads to greater changes in paraspinal muscle health. This study aimed to (1) compare the effec...
Background and Objectives: Prognostic assessment in metastatic epidural spinal cord compression (MESCC) requires estimation of survival, systemic condition, and the likelihood of early functional improvement. We evaluated whether posterior paraspinal...
Aim: The relationship between lumbar intervertebral disc degeneration and paraspinal muscle degeneration remains controversial. Although previous studies have reported associations between disc degeneration and muscle atrophy and fatty infiltration,...
The Schroth exercise can train the paraspinal muscles of patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS), however, muscle performance during the training remains unknown. This study applied surface electromyography (sEMG) to investigate the paras...
Background: With the global population aging, osteoporosis and associated vertebral compression fractures are increasingly prevalent. While bone mineral density (BMD) remains the standard clinical parameter for diagnosing osteoporosis, it provides an...
The purpose of this study was to investigate the recruitment of the paraspinal muscles longissimus and iliocostalis during dynamic contractions of superman exercises on stable and unstable surfaces, and during unloaded bodyweight squats. Surface elec...
Soccer teams integrate specific exercises into their typical workout programs for injury prevention. This study examined the effects of hamstring exercise on paraspinal and hamstring stiffness. These findings can inform training and rehabilitation pr...
Background/Objectives: This study aimed to assess whether fatty changes in paraspinal muscle tissue negatively affect pain relief and functional outcomes, measured by the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), in patients undergoing intradiscal bipolar rad...
Background and Objectives: The analgesic effectiveness of epidural adhesiolysis may be influenced by morphological changes in the paraspinal muscles, particularly in elderly patients. The objective of this study was to assess whether the cross-sectio...
Control of the lumbar spine requires contributions from both the active and passive sub-systems. Identifying interactions between these systems may provide insight into the mechanisms of low back pain. However, as a first step it is important to inve...
Background/Objectives: Symptomatic intravertebral vacuum cleft (SIVC) is a complication of vertebral compression fractures (VCFs) that leads to persistent pain and deformity. Its prediction remains challenging due to multifactorial causes. Paraspinal...
Open-door laminoplasty is widely used for patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM). However, the loss of cervical lordosis (LCL) seems to be unavoidable in the long-term follow-up after surgery, which may affect the clinical outcomes. The...
The relationship between spinal alignment, particularly degenerative thoracolumbar kyphosis (DTLK) combined with lumbar spine stenosis (LSS), and paraspinal muscle content remains underexplored. This study aimed to elucidate the characteristics of pa...
Chronic low back pain (CLBP) affects paraspinal muscle size, quality (e.g., fatty infiltration), range of motion (ROM), and strength. Although transcutaneous electrotherapies are used to treat CLBP, their effects on paraspinal-related outcomes are no...
Background/Objectives: Atelocollagen is used for soft tissue repair and reconstruction by replacing defective or damaged muscles, membranes, ligaments, and tendons. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of additional paraspina...
Chronic low back pain (CLBP) is a leading cause of disability and is characterized by marked clinical heterogeneity. Structural imaging remains fundamental for diagnosis and treatment planning, yet anatomical abnormalities alone do not fully explain...
Background and Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of sagittal imbalance based on pelvic incidence–lumbar lordosis (PI-LL) mismatch on the analgesic efficacy of epidural steroid injection in geriatric patients. Material...
The posterior minimally invasive spine surgery (MISS) approach—or the paraspinal muscle approach—for posterior spinal fusion and segmental instrumentation in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) was first reported in 2011. It is less inv...
Myositis ossificans (MO) is a benign heterotopic bone formation in muscle or soft tissue. It is a self-limiting disease that is usually initiated by trauma and often occurs in the extremities of the body. Here we report a rare case of traumatic myosi...
Background/Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate whether artificial intelligence-derived vertebral volumetric bone mineral density (AI-vBMD) and paraspinal intermuscular adipose tissue (IMAT) ratio from routine computed tomography (CT) could ident...
The forces applied during a spinal manipulation produce a neuromuscular response in the paraspinal muscles. A systematic evaluation of the factors involved in producing this muscle activity provides a clinical insight. The purpose of this study is to...
Background/Objectives: Adult degenerative scoliosis (ADS) is a three-dimensional spinal deformity caused by asymmetric degeneration of intervertebral discs, facet joints, and paraspinal muscles (PSM). Although previous studies have identified bilater...
Background/Objectives: Optic-flow velocity is known to influence postural sway, whereas corresponding electromyographic (EMG) effects may be difficult to detect when muscle activity is averaged over long stimulation periods. We therefore investigated...
The paraspinal muscles of the cervical, thoracic, and lumbar spine are important pain generators because muscle strains or myofascial pain syndrome caused by trigger points are common during clinical practice. Ultrasonography is the most convenient i...
Background and Objectives: This study set out to better understand how posture, spinal level, gender and muscle activation influence the biomechanical properties of the lumbar erector spinae (LES) in healthy young adults. We aimed to measure how thes...
Background: the study of paraspinal muscles is pivotal for the diagnosis and staging of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), and is usually performed by electromyography. Objective: to evaluate the role of paraspinal muscle MRI as a diagnostic biomar...
Background/Objectives: Fat infiltration describes how much fat is present but not its location within a muscle compartment. This exploratory study characterized regional fat distribution in older adults and explored whether spatial descriptors provid...
27 February 2026
Low back pain (LBP) remains a leading cause of disability worldwide, imposing substantial socioeconomic burdens. Among its many causes, facetogenic pain accounts for a significant proportion of cases and is generally attributed to irritation of the r...
21 January 2022
A large number of studies have used electromyography (EMG) to measure the paraspinal muscle activity of adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis. However, investigations on the features of these muscles are very limited even though the information is us...
Background/Objectives: Adult age estimation remains challenging because degenerative processes lack uniform progression and show substantial interindividual variability. This study aimed to evaluate the association between thoracic vertebral degenera...
Background: Proton-density fat fraction (PDFF) and T2* of the vertebrae, as well as the cross-sectional area (CSA) of the paraspinal musculature (PSM), have been suggested as biomarkers for bone fragility. The aim of this study was to longitudinally...
Background/Objectives: Fatty infiltration of muscle is a predictor of degeneration. The present study determined the effect of an active spinal orthosis on muscle quality as determined by fatty infiltration in paraspinal muscles in older women with v...
Background and Objectives: Previous research has shown associations between atrophy and fatty infiltration of the lumbar paraspinal musculature and low back pain (LBP). However, few studies have examined longitudinal changes in healthy controls and i...
This research aimed to identify changes in muscle mechanical properties (MMPs) when a standardized sequence of movements is performed and to determine the influence of acute low back pain (LBP) and age on the MMPs. Socio-demographic, clinical variabl...
13 January 2023
Home-based exercises have been on the rise recently. This pilot study aimed to assess the adherence and effect of a home-based rehabilitation programme using telemonitoring in patients with chronic non-specific low back pain (CNLBP). Twenty-seven pat...
Background/Objectives: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the preferred diagnostic means to visualize spinal pathologies, and offers the possibility of precise structural tissue analysis. However, knowledge about MRI-based measurements of physiologi...
Background: This study aimed to determine the proportion of patients with sarcopenia diagnosed by MRI and compare these results to bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). Methods: Children with newly diagnosed Crohn’s disease (CD) who had MRI e...
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