Metal-organic framework (MOF) membranes exhibit immense potential for separation applications due to their regular pore channels and scalable pore sizes. However, structuring a flexible and high-quality MOF membrane remains a challenge due to its bri...
The possibility of using various types of ion-exchange membranes in diffusion dialysis for the separation of sulfuric acid and nickel sulfate has been evaluated. The process of the dialysis separation of a real waste solution from an electroplating f...
In this paper, a non-equilibrium thermodynamic approach to cancer is developed. The thermo-electric effects in the cell membrane are analysed, in relation to the Seebeck-like and the Peltier-like effects. The role of the cell membrane electric potent...
All living cells maintain a charge distribution across their cell membrane (membrane potential) by carefully controlled ion fluxes. These bioelectric signals regulate cell behavior (such as migration, proliferation, differentiation) as well as higher...
Background: Inflammation is caused by an excess of Sodium ions inside the cell. This generates a variation in the cell’s membrane electric potential, becoming a steady state from a thermodynamic viewpoint. Methods: This paper introduces a therm...
Ion flux through membrane channels is passively driven by the electrochemical potential differences across the cell membrane. Nonequilibrium thermodynamics has been successful in explaining transport mechanisms, including the ion transport phenomenon...
Poly(alkyl-biphenyl pyridinium)-based anion exchange membranes with alkyl side chains were synthesized for permselective anion separation. By altering the length of the grafted side chain, the hydrophilicity and other attributes of the membranes coul...
Liquid membranes usually have three main constructive variants: bulk liquid membranes (BLM), supported liquid membranes (SLM) and emulsion liquid membranes (ELM). Designing hybrid variants is very topical, with the main purpose of increasing the flow...
Phyllotaxis describes the periodic arrangement of plant organs most conspicuously floral. Oscillators generally underlie periodic phenomena. A hypothetical algorithm generates phyllotaxis regulated by the Hechtian growth oscillator of the stem apical...
A general theory explaining how electromagnetic waves affect cells and biological systems has not been completely accepted yet; nevertheless, extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMFs) can interfere with and modify several molecular ce...
In this work, the effect of drought on K+ uptake in root and its translocation from root to shoot was investigated using six barley genotypes contrasting in drought tolerance. Results showed that drought conditions caused significant changes in K+ up...
The global clean water crisis is a pressing sustainable development challenge that demands urgent solutions. Membrane separation technology has emerged as a leading approach for seawater desalination, offering great potential to address freshwater sc...
The widespread use of nanofiltration and electrodialysis membrane processes is slowed down by the difficulties in predicting the membrane performances for treating streams of variable ionic compositions. Correlations between ion hydration properties...
Nanoporous membranes offer significant advantages in direct contact membrane distillation applications due to their high flux and strong resistance to wetting. This study employs molecular dynamics simulations to explore the performance of membrane d...
Modification of an ion-exchange membrane with a thin layer, the charge of which is opposite to the charge of the substrate membrane, has proven to be an effective approach to obtaining a composite membrane with permselectivity towards monovalent ions...
The entrance of even a small amount of phosphorus compounds into natural waters leads to global problems that require the use of modern purification technologies. This paper presents the results of testing a hybrid electrobaromembrane (EBM) method fo...
The recovery of lithium from extracts obtained from a black mass of spent lithium-ion batteries treated with a ternary solvent system at acidic pH was investigated using flat-sheet nanofiltration (NF) membranes operated according to a dead-end config...
Living systems waste heat in their environment. This is the measurable effect of the irreversibility of the biophysical and biochemical processes fundamental to their life. Non-equilibrium thermodynamics allows us to analyse the ion fluxes through th...
This paper develops a non-equilibrium thermodynamic approach to life, with particular regards to the membrane role. The Onsager phenomenological coefficients are introduced in order to point out the thermophysical properties of the cell systems. The...
A predictive model correlating the parameters in the mass transfer-based model Spiegler–Kedem to the pure water permeability is presented in this research, which helps to select porous polyamide membranes for enhanced oil recovery (EOR) applica...
Reverse osmosis (RO) was studied to reduce salinity of flue gas desulfurization (FGD) wastewaters after softening with Na2CO3·H2O and ultrafiltration (UF). Two commercial thin film composite polyamide RO membranes (SWC-2540 and ESPA-2540, from Hydran...
Ion channels serve many cellular functions including ion homeostasis, volume regulation, signaling, nutrient acquisition, and developmental progression. Although the complex life cycles of malaria parasites necessitate ion and solute flux across memb...
An aluminum oxide-impregnated carbon nanotube (CNT-Al2O3) membrane was developed via a novel approach and used in the removal of toxic metal cadmium ions, Cd(II). The membrane did not require any binder to hold the carbon nanotubes (CNTs) together. I...
Commercial nanofiltration membranes of different molecular weight cut-offs were tested on a pilot plant for the exploration of permeation nature of Ca, Mg, Mn, Fe, Na and ammonium ions. Correlation of transmembrane pressure and rejection quotient ver...
New processes for recycling valuable materials from used lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) need to be developed. This is critical to both meeting growing global demand and mitigating the electronic waste crisis. In contrast to the use of reagent-based pro...
We present a novel thermodynamic approach to the epigenomics of cancer metabolism. Here, any change in a cancer cell’s membrane electric potential is completely irreversible, and as such, cells must consume metabolites to reverse the potential...
The new polymer inclusion membrane (PIM) with a 1-alkyltriazole matrix was used to separate palladium(II) ions from aqueous chloride solutions containing a mixture of Zn-Pd-Ni ions. The effective conditions for transport studies by PIMs were determin...
This study presents a quantitative electrophysiological method to directly measure the passive transport of ammonium ions through bacterial outer membrane porins. Using a zero-current reversal potential assay in planar lipid bilayers under defined bi...
Using the previously developed cell model of a charged membrane and the principles of linear thermodynamics of irreversible processes (the Onsager approach), exact and approximate (in the case of an ideally selective membrane) analytical formulae for...
This study evaluates the performance of commercial reverse osmosis (RO) and nanofiltration (NF) membranes for the removal of metal ions from synthetic water and surface water carried from the north-west of Lake Tanganyika in the city of Uvira, in the...
The global water crisis growth has led to a tremendous increase in membrane technology research. Membranes are favored over many other technologies for water treatment because, in principle, they require no chemical additives and can be used isotherm...
Treatment of produced water in oil fields has become a tough challenge for oil producers. Nanofiltration, a promising method for water treatment, has been proposed as a solution. The phase inversion technique was used for the synthesis of nanofiltrat...
In this study, molecular dynamics simulation is used to investigate the effects of water-based substitutional defects in zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIF)-8 membranes on their reverse osmosis (RO) desalination performance. ZIF-8 unit cells contai...
Tanneries produce large amounts of wastewater with high concentrations of suspended solids, organic matter, and salts. Treatment and reuse of these effluents are of great importance to preserve water resources and save costs. Although suspended solid...
In the last twenty-five years, extensive work has been done on ion exchange membrane bioreactors (IEMB) combining Donnan dialysis and anaerobic reduction to remove trace oxyanions (e.g., perchlorate, nitrate, chlorate, arsenate) from contaminated wat...
Chitosan has been used for biomedical applications in recent years, primarily because of its biocompatibility. A chitosan membrane with a 30 μm thickness was prepared and investigated for its surface modification using methane ions. Methane ions w...
The polymer membranes of cellulose triacetate -o-NPPE-1-alkyl-triazole (alkyl= hexyl, octyl, decyl) were characterized by non-contact atomic force microscopy (AFM). The influence of membrane morphology on transport process was discussed. 1-Alkyl-tria...
In this study, the hybrid biological ion exchange (BIEX) resin and gravity-driven membrane (GDM) process was employed for the treatment of coloured and turbid river water. The primary objective was to investigate the impact of both physical and chemi...
In this investigation, the electrospraying of CNTs on an electrospun PVDF-Co-HFP membrane was carried out to fabricate robust membranes for the membrane distillation (MD) process. A CNT-modified PVDF-Co-HFP membrane was heat pressed and characterized...
Virus filtration is used to ensure the high level of virus clearance required in the manufacture of biopharmaceutical products such as monoclonal antibodies. Flux decline during virus filtration can occur due to the formation of reversible aggregates...
The high concentration of chloride ions in desulphurization wastewater is the primary limiting factor for its reusability. Monovalent anion selective electrodialysis (S-ED) enables the selective removal of chloride ions, thereby facilitating the reus...
All cells contain ion channels in their outer (plasma) and inner (organelle) membranes. Ion channels, similar to other proteins, are targets of oxidative impact, which modulates ion fluxes across membranes. Subsequently, these ion currents affect ele...
Modeling ion transport through membrane channels is crucial for understanding cellular processes, and Poisson–Nernst–Planck (PNP) equations provide a fundamental continuum framework for such ionic fluxes. We investigate a quasi-one-dimens...
Bilayer ion-exchange membranes are mainly used for separating single and multiply charged ions. It is well known that in membranes in which the layers have different charges of the ionogenic groups of the matrix, the limiting current decreases, and t...
Electrodialysis (ED) with ion-exchange membranes is a promising method for the extraction of phosphates from municipal and other wastewater in order to obtain cheap mineral fertilizers. Phosphorus is transported through an anion-exchange membrane (AE...
Zeolites are potentially a robust desalination alternative, as they are chemically stable and possess the essential properties needed to reject ions. Zeolite membranes could desalinate “challenging” waters, such as saline secondary effluent, without...
The bidirectional fluxes of cadmium and calcium across the plasma membrane were assessed and compared in subapical maize root segments. This homogeneous material provides a simplified system for investigating ion fluxes in whole organs. The kinetic p...
Potassium is an important nutrient used in fertilizers but is not always naturally available We investigated the properties of polymer inclusion membranes (PIM) regarding their selective recovery of K+ over competitive ions typically present in urin...
This work reports the application of an electromembrane process, Donnan dialysis (DD), for the purification of so-called wet-process phosphoric acid (WPA). Nitric acid is used as the stripping solution to remove metallic cations (mostly Fe3+, Al3+, a...
As a possible novel cost-effective method for oxygen production from air separation, ion-conducting ceramic membranes are becoming a hot research topic due to their potentials in clean energy and environmental processes. Oxygen separation via these i...
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