45 Results Found

Skin erosion is a hardware-related complication commonly described after deep brain stimulation (DBS). Hardware exposure is often associated with the development of infection that can lead to implant removal. However, in selected cases, it is possibl...

Background: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an effective treatment for movement disorders, but its long-term efficacy may be undermined by hardware complications such as lead fractures. These complications increase healthcare costs and necessitate su...

Background/Objectives: Symptomatic hardware removal remains the most frequent cause of reoperation after tibial tubercle osteotomy (TTO), with removal rates reported as high as 49%. Headless compression screws have been proposed as a low-profile alte...

Background: Syndesmotic instability presents a significant challenge in orthopedic surgery, with no universally accepted treatment approach. Traditional methods, such as trans-syndesmotic screw fixation, remain widely used but are associated with com...

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is an emerging treatment modality associated with a high frequency of antibiotic use. However, several covariables emerge during ECMO implementation, potentially jeopardizing the success of antimicrobial the...

Osteoporosis and low bone mineral density (BMD) pose significant challenges in adult spinal deformity surgery, increasing the risks of complications such as vertebral compression fractures, hardware failure, proximal junctional kyphosis/failure, and...

Shoulder pain and dysfunction may significantly impact quality of life. If conservative measures fail, advanced disease is frequently treated with shoulder arthroplasty, which is currently the third most common joint replacement surgery following the...

Functional neurosurgery has emerged as a potential therapeutic option for patients with severe, treatment-resistant psychiatric disorders such as obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) and major depressive disorder (MDD). Among the most studied in...

Background: Microvascular osseous free flaps play a central role in head and neck reconstruction; surgeons often rely on fragmented and inconsistently reported data when counselling patients and planning reconstructive strategies. This systematic rev...

Background: Sepsis is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis (HD), reflecting a unique combination of immunologic dysfunction, comorbidities, and healthcare-related exposures. Despite advances in...

Background/Objectives: Distal radius fractures (DRFs) are among the most common fractures in the elderly, with increasing incidence due to population aging. Recent evidence questions the benefits of operative treatment, particularly in elderly patien...

Background: Displaced proximal humerus fractures (PHFs) in adults represent a common orthopedic challenge, especially in elderly patients with compromised bone quality. Intramedullary nails (IM) and locking plates (LP) are the most widely used fixati...

Background: The global increase in orthopedic implant use—both for trauma fixation and arthroplasty—has profoundly transformed musculoskeletal surgery. As a consequence, fractures occurring in the presence of implants have become more fre...

Study Design: Pediatric mandible fractures mandate special consideration because of unerupted teeth, mixed dentition, facial growth and the inability to tolerate maxillomandibular fixation. No consensus exists as to whether resorbable or titanium pla...

Background: Posterior cervical decompression and fusion (PCF) is a common procedure for treating patients with multilevel degenerative cervical spine disease. The selection of lower instrumented vertebra (LIV) relative to the cervicothoracic junction...

Voltages and currents in a memristor crossbar can be significantly affected due to nonideal effects such as parasitic source, line, and neuron resistance. These nonideal effects related to the parasitic resistance can cause the degradation of the neu...

Continuous blood pressure (BP) measurement is essential for real-time hypertension management and the prevention of related complications. To address this need, a cuffless BP estimation technique utilizing biosignals from wearable devices has gained...

Extreme multistability with coexisting infinite orbits has been reported in many continuous memristor-based dynamical circuits and systems, but rarely in discrete dynamical systems. This paper reports the finding of initial values-related coexisting...

Orthopaedic implant-associated infections (OIAIs) represent a notable complication of contemporary surgical procedures, exerting a considerable impact on patient outcomes and escalating healthcare expenditures. Prompt diagnosis holds paramount import...

Study Design: Retrospective Chart Review. Objective: Mandible fracture is a life-altering event, and its complications can have devastating consequences for patients. Patients are therefore well-served if providers can identify their risk factors and...

To improve the robustness of grid-connected inverter against grid impedance in a weak grid an integrated design method of LCL-filter parameters and controller parameters is proposed. In the method the inherent relation of LCL-filter parameters and co...

The goal of this systematic review was to examine existing evidence on the effectiveness of early, progressive weight bearing on patients after traumatic lower extremity fractures and relate these findings to device/implant choice. A search of the li...

Spine surgery has significantly progressed due to innovations in surgical techniques, technology, and a deeper understanding of spinal pathology. However, numerous challenges persist, complicating successful outcomes. Anatomical intricacies at transi...

Most patients with hydrocephalus are still managed with the implantation of a cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) shunt in which the CSF flow is regulated by a differential-pressure valve (DPV). Our aim in this review is to discuss some basic concepts in fluid...

Fracture-related infections (FRIs) represent a significant complication in orthopedic trauma care, often leading to delayed bone healing, prolonged hospital stays, and increased patient morbidity. Pathogenesis involves microbial contamination during...

Background: Osteoporosis and low bone mineral density are highly prevalent among patients undergoing spinal fusion, contributing to higher rates of hardware failure, revision surgery, and poor postoperative outcomes. Despite clear risks, perioperativ...

Background and Objectives: Reconstructive outcomes following head and neck (H&N) cancer resection in pediatric patients remain understudied, particularly regarding the comparative efficacy of free versus local tissue transfer. Materials and Metho...

Background: Pediatric olecranon fractures, though rare, can be serious. Treatment varies by type and severity; displaced, intraarticular fractures usually need surgery, where biodegradable implants are emerging as an encouraging option to metal hardw...

Maxillofacial fractures are a prevalent occurrence, and the widespread use of miniplates to stabilize and secure these fractures during surgery is common. However, the post-surgical fate of these miniplates remains a subject of contention among surge...

During an emergency rescue operation, rescuers have to deal with many different health complications like cardiovascular, respiratory, neurological, psychiatric, etc. The identification process of the common health complications in rescue events is n...

The course of periodontal disease is affected by many factors; however, the most significant are the dysbiotic microflora, showing different pathogenicity levels. Rapid colonization in the subgingival environment can radically change the clinical sta...

Introduction: Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory disorder that causes progressive ossification and fusion of the spine, particularly in the cervical region. This results in a rigid spinal column that is highly susceptible to unstab...

Immersive technologies have been shown to significantly improve learning as they can simplify and simulate complicated concepts in various fields. However, there is a lack of studies that analyze the recent evidence-based immersive learning experienc...

Distraction osteogenesis (DO) is a process which uses the bone’s natural healing tendencies to repair and lengthen pathologic, missing, or malformed bone. The mechanism of DO mimics the pathway that the body uses in any other fracture repair ho...

Wideband microwave imaging is of interest wherever optical opaque scenarios need to be analyzed, as these waves can penetrate biological tissues, many building materials, or industrial materials. One of the challenges of microwave imaging is the comp...

In spite of advances in Total Joint Replacements (TJR), infection remains a major concern and a primary causative factor for revision surgery. Current clinical standards treat these osteomyelitis infections with antibiotic-laden poly(methyl methacryl...

The successful outcome of a cardiac surgery procedure is significantly dependent on the management of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Even if a cardiac operation is technically well-conducted, a patient may suffer CPB-related complications that could r...

Currently, organizations face the need to create scalable applications in an agile way that impacts new forms of production and business organization. The traditional monolithic architecture no longer meets the needs of scalability and rapid developm...

Objectives: Tibial anterior cruciate ligament avulsion fractures (TAFs) are avulsions of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) from its insertion at the tibial intercondylar eminence that share the same trauma mechanism as ACL tears. TAFs were initial...

Background and Objectives: Unstable distal clavicle fractures (Neer type II) have a relatively high risk of nonunion and often require operative fixation. Hook plates are widely used, particularly when the distal fragment is small or comminuted, beca...

Non-invasive remote health monitoring plays a vital role in epidemiological situations such as SARS outbreak (2003), MERS (2015) and the recently ongoing outbreak of COVID-19 because it is extremely risky to get close to the patient due to the spread...

Background: Titanium trabecular cages (TTCs) are emerging implants designed to achieve immediate and long-term spinal fixation with early osseointegration. However, a clear radiological and clinical demonstration of their efficacy has not yet been ob...

To maintain and improve an amateur athlete’s fitness throughout training and to achieve peak performance in sports events, good nutrition and physical activity (general and training specifically) must be considered as important factors. In our contex...

Introduction: The treatment of neuropathic and central pain still remains a major challenge. Thalamic deep brain stimulation (DBS) involving various target structures is a therapeutic option which has received increased re-interest. Beneficial result...

Background: Surgical site infections (SSIs) following spinal and thoracic procedures are associated with prolonged hospitalization and increased morbidity, with incidence rates of 2–15% in spinal surgery and 3–12% in thoracic procedures....