Chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) is caused by the BCR-ABL oncogene, which encodes the constitutively active BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase. Targeted therapy with tyrosine-kinase inhibitors induces a partial cytogenetic response in most patients. Nanosystems...
Background: A great number of therapeutic limitations, such as chemoresistance, high dosage, and long treatments, are still present in cancer therapy, and are often followed by side effects such as infections, which represent the primary cause of dea...
Recently, nanomaterials have attracted extensive attention in cancer-targeting therapy and as drug delivery vehicles owing to their unique surface and size properties. Multifunctional combinations of nanomaterials have become a research hotspot as re...
The development of nanotechnology-based solutions for cancer at a preclinical level advances at an astounding pace. So far, clinical translation of these new developments has not been able to keep the pace due to a range of different reasons. One of...
The molecular initiators of Head and Heck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC) are complex. Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection is linked to an increasing number of HNSCC cases, but HPV-positive tumors generally have a good prognosis. External factors th...
Cancer is a complex disease resulting from the accumulation of genetic dysfunctions. Tumor heterogeneity causes the molecular variety that divergently controls responses to chemotherapy, leading to the recurrent problem of cancer reappearance. For ma...
Since the discovery of antibiotics, humanity has been able to cope with the battle against bacterial infections. However, the inappropriate use of antibiotics, the lack of innovation in therapeutic agents, and other factors have allowed the emergence...
Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) has become a fundamental tool in modern therapeutics, notably due to the expanding versatility of photosensitizers (PSs) and the numerous possibilities to combine aPDT with other antimicrobial treatments to c...
Cancer treatments are advancing to harness the body’s immune system against tumours, aiming for lasting effects. This progress involves combining potent chemotherapy drugs with immunogens to kill cancer cells and trigger lasting immunity. Devel...
The susceptibility of cancer cells to different types of treatments can be restricted by intrinsic and acquired therapeutic resistance, leading to the failure of cancer regression and remission. To overcome this problem, a combination therapy has bee...
Mild photothermal therapy (PTT) shows great potential to treat cancers while avoiding unwanted damage to surrounding normal cells. However, the efficacy of mild PTT is normally moderate because of the low hyperthermia temperature and limited light pe...
Polyphenols are potent micronutrients that can be found in large quantities in various food sources and spices. These compounds, also known as phenolics due to their phenolic structure, play a vital nutrient-based role in the prevention of various di...
Prostate cancer (PC), the fifth leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, is known as metastatic bone cancer when it spreads to the bone. Although there is still no effective treatment for advanced/metastatic PC, awareness of the molecular...
Emerging research demonstrates that co-inhibitory immune checkpoints (ICs) remain the most promising immunotherapy targets in various malignancies. Nonetheless, ICIs have offered insignificant clinical benefits in the treatment of advanced prostate c...
In this review, we discuss the use of oncolytic viruses and checkpoint inhibitors in cancer immunotherapy in melanoma, with a particular focus on combinatory therapies. Oncolytic viruses are promising and novel anti-cancer agents, currently under inv...
Breast cancer is the most widespread cancer in women with rising incidence, prevalence, and mortality in developed regions. Most breast cancers (80%) are estrogen receptor–positive, indicating that disease progression could be controlled by est...
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major histological subtype of primary liver cancer. Ample evidence suggests that the pathological properties of HCC originate from hepatic cancer stem cells (CSCs), which are responsible for carcinogenesis, recurre...
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most commonly diagnosed and most lethal primary malignant brain tumor in adults. Standard treatments are ineffective, and despite promising results obtained in early phases of experimental clinical trials, the prognosis of G...
Adoptive cell therapies have transformed the treatment landscape for hematologic malignancies. Yet, translation to solid tumors remains constrained by antigen heterogeneity, an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME), and poor persistence of c...
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), a prevalent and often fatal liver cancer, presents significant treatment challenges, especially in its advanced stages. This article delves into the promising approach of combining immunotherapy, particularly immune ch...
The optimal combinatorial parameters of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) mediated by methylene blue (MB) with the addition of potassium iodide (KI) against Candida species have never been defined. This study aimed to optimize the combinatori...
Biofilm-associated infections caused by Gram-negative bacteria, especially multidrug-resistant strains, frequently occur in intensive care units and represent a major therapeutic challenge. The economic burden of biofilm-associated infections is cons...
Platinum complexes are clinically used as adjuvant therapy of cancers aiming to induce tumor cell death. Depending on cell type and concentration, cisplatin induces cytotoxicity, e.g., by interference with transcription and/or DNA replication mechani...
The treatment of bacterial infections has been troubled by the increased resistance to antibiotics, instigating the search for new antimicrobial therapies. Phytochemicals have demonstrated broad-spectrum and effective antibacterial effects as well as...
Neuroblastoma (NBL) is an embryonic malignancy of the sympathetic nervous system and mostly affects children under the age of five. NBL is highly heterogeneous and ranges from spontaneously regressing to highly aggressive disease. One of the risk fac...
Photodynamic therapy (PDT), in which a light source is used in combination with a photosensitizer to induce local cell death, has shown great promise in therapeutically targeting primary tumors with negligible toxicity and minimal invasiveness. Howev...
Nanoflowers, which are flower-shaped nanomaterials, have attracted significant attention from scientists due to their unique morphologies, facile synthetic methods, and physicochemical properties such as a high surface-to-volume ratio, enhanced charg...
Accounting for about 2% of cancers diagnosed worldwide, thyroid cancer has caused about 41,000 deaths in 2018. Despite significant progresses made in recent decades in the treatment of thyroid cancer, many resistances to current monotherapies are obs...
The glucocorticoid betamethasone (BM) has potent anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects; however, it increases the susceptibility of patients to superficial Candida infections. Previously we found that this disadvantageous side effect can be...
Anti-programmed death 1 (PD-1) is a revolutionary treatment for many cancers. The response to anti-PD-1 relies on several properties of tumor and immune cells, including the expression of PD-L1 and PD-1. Despite the impressive clinical benefit achiev...
Chemotherapy has been the predominant treatment modality for cancer patients, but its overall performance is still modest. Difficulty in penetration of tumor tissues, a toxic profile in high doses, multidrug resistance in an array of tumor types, and...
Cancer is a global health problem that 1 in 2–3 people can expect to experience during their lifetime. Several different modalities exist for cancer management, but all of these suffer from significant shortcomings in both diagnosis and therapy...
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a two-stage treatment that implies the use of light energy, oxygen, and light-activated compounds (photosensitizers) to elicit cancerous and precancerous cell death after light activation (phototoxicity). The biophysical...
Combinatory therapies have been commonly applied in the clinical setting to tackle multi-drug resistant bacterial infections and these have frequently proven to be effective. Specifically, combinatory therapies resulting in synergistic interactions b...
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) indefinitely persists, despite effective antiretroviral therapy (ART), within a small pool of latently infected cells. These cells often display markers of immunologic memory and harbor both replication-competent...
Various tumors rely on post-translational modifications (PTMs) to promote invasiveness and angiogenesis and to reprogram cellular energetics to abate anti-cancer immunity. Among PTMs, fucosylation is a particular type of glycosylation that has been l...
Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) has been extensively investigated in the local treatment of cancer due to its potential of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in biological systems. In this study, we examined the synergistic effect of combination...
Background: Cancer immunotherapy has advanced, yet therapeutic resistance and low response rates remain problematic. This study explores histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACis) as adjuvants for cancer vaccines to enhance anti-tumor immunity and overc...
SHP2 (Src Homology 2 Domain-Containing Phosphatase 2) is a protein tyrosine phosphatase widely expressed in various cell types. SHP2 plays a crucial role in different cellular processes, such as cell proliferation, differentiation, and survival. Aber...
Background: Incorporating GD2-targeting monoclonal antibody into post-consolidation maintenance therapy has improved survival for children with high-risk neuroblastoma. However, ~50% of patients do not respond to, or relapse following, initial treatm...
Biofilms constitute a protected mode of growth that allows the colonizing microbial cells to survive in hostile environments, even when an antimicrobial agent is present. The scientific community has come to understand many things about the growth dy...
Marine ecosystems are the most prevalent ecosystems on the planet, providing a diversity of living organisms and resources. The development of nanotechnology may provide solutions for utilizing these thousands of potential compounds as marine pharmac...
Dendritic cell (DC) cancer vaccines are a promising therapeutic approach, leveraging the immune system to fight tumors. These vaccines utilize DCs’ ability to present tumor-associated antigens to T cells, triggering a robust immune response. DC...
For SMA patients with only two SMN2 copies, available therapies might be insufficient to counteract lifelong motor neuron (MN) dysfunction. Therefore, additional SMN-independent compounds, supporting SMN-dependent therapies, might be beneficial. Neur...
Cisplatin is a platinum-based chemotherapeutic that has long since been effective against a variety of solid-cancers, substantially improving the five-year survival rates for cancer patients. Its use has also historically been limited by its adverse...
Antimicrobial resistance is already a major global health threat, contributing to nearly 5 million deaths annually. The rise of multidrug-resistant pathogens has made many infections increasingly difficult to treat. This growing threat has driven the...
Fucoxanthin (Fx) is a carotenoid derived from marine organisms that exhibits anticancer activities. However, its role as a potential drug adjuvant in breast cancer (BC) treatment is still poorly explored. Firstly, this study investigated the cytotoxi...
Gene therapy arises as a great promise for cancer therapeutics due to its potential to silence genes involved in tumor development. In fact, there are some pivotal gene drivers that suffer critical alterations leading to cell transformation and ultim...
Ovarian cancer (OC) accounts for approximately 4% of cancer deaths in women worldwide and is the deadliest gynecologic malignancy. High-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) is the most predominant ovarian cancer, in which BRCA1/2 gene mutation ranges...
Cell pyroptosis has a reciprocal relationship with various cancer treatment modalities such as chemotherapy. However, the tumor microenvironment, characterized by hypoxia, substantially restricts the development and application of tumor therapies tha...
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