A 1670 bp 5′-flanking region of the polyphenol oxidase (PPO) gene was isolated from red Swiss chard, a betalain-producing plant. This region, named promoter BvcPPOP, and its 5′-truncated versions were fused with the GUS gene and introduced into Arabi...
The continued use of synthetic additives in food production and preservation has raised concerns among consumers, given their potential negative health effects. Researchers and food industry experts have been exploring plants with potent functional c...
Anthocyanins contribute to the quality and flavour of fruits. They are produced through the phenylpropanoid pathway, which is regulated by specific key genes that have been identified in many species. The dominant anthocyanin forms are reversibly tra...
Genetically-modified, colour-altered varieties of the important cut-flower crop carnation have now been commercially available for nearly ten years. In this review we describe the manipulation of the anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway that has lead to...
Anthocyanins, carotenoids, and betalains are known as the three major pigments in the plant kingdom. Anthocyanins are flavonoids derived from the phenylpropanoid pathway. They undergo acylation and glycosylation in the cytoplasm to produce anthocyani...
Anthocyanins are plant pigments derived from the phenylpropanoid pathway which are produced in many different species, contributing to defense against stresses by their antioxidant properties. Cultivated tomatoes cannot synthesize flavonoids; however...
High-intensity light (HL) greatly induces the accumulation of anthocyanin, a fundamental compound in photoprotection and antioxidation. Many mechanisms regulating anthocyanin biosynthesis are well-characterized across developmental and environmental...
Anthocyanins are secondary metabolites and water-soluble pigments belonging to the phenolic group, with important functions in nature such as seed dispersal, pollination and development of plant organs. In addition to these important roles in plant l...
Anthocyanins are plant secondary metabolites belonging to the class of polyphenols, whose beneficial roles in the prevention and treatment of several important human diseases have been demonstrated in many epidemiological studies. Their intake throug...
RNA interference (RNAi) is a natural post-transcriptional regulatory mechanism that can be artificially induced by exogenous application of double-stranded RNAs (dsRNAs) to the plant surfaces. Recent studies show that it is possible to silence plant...
Higher plants can produce a wide variety of anthocyanin molecules through modification of the six common anthocyanin aglycons that they present. Thus, hydrophilic anthocyanin molecules can be formed and stabilized by glycosylation and acylation. Two...
Vitis bellula is a new grape crop in southern China. Berries of this species are rich in antioxidative anthocyanins and proanthocyanidins. This study reports cloning and functional characterization of a cDNA encoding a V. bellula dihydroflavonol redu...
Fruit color is a key indicator of appearance quality. Anthocyanins are flavonoids that not only give plants their rich colors but also contribute to human health due to their antioxidant properties, such as preventing cardiovascular disease. As a res...
Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) is a staple crop in tropical and subtropical regions, valued for its high starch content in roots. Effective genetic transformation and genome editing of cassava require efficient screening methods for transgenic an...
Anthocyanins produce different-colored pigments in plant organs, which provide ornamental value. Thus, this study was conducted to understand the mechanism of anthocyanin synthesis in ornamental plants. Phoebe bournei, a Chinese specialty tree, has h...
Sample preparation is the most time-consuming part of phytochemical, agricultural chemical, and food science studies and is constantly being improved. This includes the development of modern extraction methods, such as high-pressure extraction and au...
The influence of regulated deficit irrigation on the anthocyanin composition in Cabernet Sauvignon grape skins throughout ripening and when grown in a warm geographic area for two consecutive seasons was investigated. The assay was carried out on own...
The range of colours of many flowers and fruits is largely due to variations in the types of anthocyanins produced. The degree of hydroxylation on the B-ring affects the hue of these pigments, causing a shift from the orange end of the visible spectr...
The basic leucine zipper (bZIP) gene family constitutes one of the most abundant and conserved transcription factor families in plants, which participates in diverse physiological processes including response to abiotic stress, anthocyanin accumulati...
The effect of the fermented matrix on the color and the stability of anthocyanins contained in strawberry (Fragaria ananassa D.) and highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) preparations for fruit yogurts, as well as soy-based (Glycine max L. Mer...
Elderberry (Sambucus nigra L.) is a widely disseminated plant that produces bright black berries containing high quantities of anthocyanins, acknowledged for their bioactivity and dye capacity. Besides other applications, anthocyanins might be employ...
Phenolic compounds, which are a large group of plant pigments, are recognized as important antioxidants. The potato (Solanum tuberosum L.), particularly the pigmented varieties, could be a source of natural anthocyanins for producing dietary foods. I...
There is increasing interest in the production and consumption of tea (Camellia sinensis L.) processed from purple–leaved cultivar due to their high anthocyanin content and health benefits. However, how and why seasonal changes affect anthocyan...
Agricultural waste poses significant environmental and economic challenges, with the UK generating 135,000 tonnes annually. Upcycling plant-derived waste offers a sustainable approach to enhancing agricultural productivity while producing innovative,...
Flavonoid-3′,5′-hydroxylase (F3′5′H) is the key enzyme for the biosynthesis of delphinidin-based anthocyanins, which are generally required for purple or blue flowers. Previously, we isolated a full-length cDNA of PgF3′5...
Elderberry (Sambucus nigra L.) is recognized as a rich source of anthocyanins and other bioactives with antioxidant and antidiabetic potential, and is increasingly explored as a functional ingredient in nutraceuticals. However, cultivar-dependent var...
This study focused on improving the extraction of anthocyanins from medicinal plants using green solvents, which is important for the food, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics industries. The goal was to optimize the time (15–50 min), temperature (4...
The use of enzymes to hydrolyze the plant cell matrix is a method known for extracting bioactive substances. The current work used this strategy to produce a rose petal extract rich in anthocyanins that is stable in the presence of marine polysacchar...
The interactions between nanoparticles and plant cells are still not sufficiently understood, and studies related to this subject are of scientific and practical importance. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are one of the most commonly produced and used...
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Enhancing crop nutrition though biofortification with essential minerals can, in some circumstances, increase the resistance of plants to the attack by pathogens. As a result, plants activate their defense mechanisms and produce bioactive compounds (...
Plant cell cultures have emerged as a promising tool for producing active molecules due to their numerous advantages over traditional agricultural methods. Flavonols, and anthocyanin pigments in particular, together with other phenolic compounds such...
The recent increase in sustainability awareness has triggered the industry to establish novel, eco-friendly sources of plant-based ingredients. In the present study, hibiscus flowers (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) were investigated as a sustainable source...
Pink-flowered Oriental lily cultivars exhibit significant color fading under high temperatures, but the underlying regulatory mechanisms remain unclear. We subjected ‘Souvenir’ Oriental lily plants to temperature treatments (20 °C and...
Orchids with colorful leaves and flowers have significant ornamental value. Here, we used γ-irradiation-based mutagenesis to produce a Dendrobium bigibbum mutant that developed purple instead of the normal green leaves. RNA sequencing of the mu...
Anthocyanins, water-soluble flavonoids that produce red-to-blue pigment in plants, have antioxidant properties and have been developed as a functional food to fight obesity. In randomized controlled trials (RCTs), a systematic review with meta-analys...
Banana is a commercially important crop widely cultivated in tropical and subtropical regions, but its cultivation in the canal command basins is challenged due to the development of waterlogged sodic soils. The present study aimed to induce sodicity...
Tea leaves are rich in diverse bioactive compounds. The tea accession TRI 2043 is unique due to its pigmented leaves caused by anthocyanins, clonal origin, resistance to blister blight disease, and high pubescence density. Because of its peculiarity,...
Cultivating red-stalked rhubarb plants is an important source of raw materials for producing health-promoting foods. The quality and quantity of rhubarb crops are significantly dependent on planting material. To obtain high-quality planting material...
Selenium (Se) is involved in the growth and development of plants. More importantly, Se from plant foods is a primary source of Se intake for humans and animals. Improving the Se content in vegetables through biofortification is an effective way to s...
Indoor farming systems enable plant production in precisely controlled environments. However, implementing stable growth conditions and the absence of stress stimulants can weaken plants’ defense responses and limit the accumulation of bioactive, hea...
Flavonoids play multiple roles in plant coloration and stress resistance and are closely associated with human health. Flavonoids and non-flavonoids (such as phenolic acids) are produced via the phenylpropanoid-derived pathway. Anthocyanidin synthase...
Plant primary and secondary metabolites are a significant source for many applications, including extractions of functional components, green synthesis development, and producing higher-added value products. However, in the variety of botanicals, Ara...
Aronia melanocarpa is rich in anthocyanins, compounds with significant medicinal and industrial value, making it an attractive species for enhanced production. Compared with fruits or intact plants, callus tissue offers a uniform, controllable in vit...
Purple-pericarp supersweet sweetcorn currently does not exist as a horticultural product. Purple pericarp comprises the outer layers of the kernel, with the purple pigment being produced by anthocyanin. Unlike the aleurone layer which can also be pig...
The red coleoptile trait can help monocotyledonous plants withstand stresses, and key genes responsible for the trait have been isolated from Triticum aestivum, Triticum urartu, and Triticum monococcum, but no corresponding research has been reported...
Plants have evolved to protect leaf mesophyll tissue from damage caused by UV-B radiation by producing an array of UV-absorbing secondary metabolites. Flavonoids (phenolic glycosides) and sinapate esters (hydroxycinnamates) have been implicated as UV...
In plants, the shikimate pathway is responsible for the production of aromatic amino acids L-tryptophan, L-phenylalanine, and L-tyrosine. L-Phenylalanine is the upstream substrate of flavonoid and anthocyanin synthesis. Shikimate kinase (SK) catalyze...
A colored and fiber-rich fraction from the debranning of purple wheat was incorporated at 25% into semolina- and flour-based pasta produced on a pilot-plant scale, with the aim of increasing anthocyanin and total phenolic content with respect to past...
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of the most popular cereal crops, being consumed by almost half of the world’s population. Among several cultivars widely distributed in Thailand, Maled Phai is a Thai pigmented-upland rice with exceptionally high...
The World Health Organization has emphasized the importance of consuming small fruits for the prevention of chronic health problems, including diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and obesity, which are named chronic non-communicable diseases (...
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