Insurers typically argue that regulatory limits on their ability to use genetic tests will induce ‘adverse selection’; they say that this has disadvantages not just for insurers, but also for society as a whole. I argue that, even on its own terms, t...
Macroeconomic adverse selection is computed as a time series of forecast residuals via the vintage origination model for an industry dataset of auto loans. The adverse selection time series are computed separately as model residuals using logistic re...
The objective of this paper is to pursue an intuitive idea: for a consumer who represents an “unfavorable” health risk but an “excellent risk” as a driver, a multi-peril policy could be associated with a reduced selection effo...
Water pricing policy for irrigated agriculture is considered as a key issue in the Water Framework Directive (WFD) implementation. The main obstacle is that a large part of the water used in agriculture is unmetered. The objective of this study is to...
31 January 2018
Community-based Health Insurance (CBHI) schemes are recommended for providing financial risk protection to low-income informal workers in Bangladesh. We assessed the problem of adverse selection in a pilot CBHI scheme in this context. In total, 1292...
Data collected using sensors plays an essential role in active bridge health monitoring. When analyzing a large number of bridges in the U.S., the National Bridge Inventory data as been widely used. Yet, the database does not provide information abou...
This paper studies the optimal contract offered by a risk-neutral principal to a risk-averse agent when the agent’s hidden ability and action both improve the probability of the project being successful. We show that if the agent is sufficiently prud...
Depression is the most prevalent psychiatric disorder in the world, affecting 4.4% of the global population. Despite an array of treatment modalities, depressive disorders remain difficult to manage due to many factors. Beginning with the introductio...
Background: pemafibrate is a newly-introduced selective peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α modulator, which decreases serum triglyceride levels with few drug-related adverse events and may reduce the risk of adverse cardiovascular eve...
Background/Objectives: Pancreatic cystic lesions (PCLs) are increasingly being detected due to the widespread use of cross-sectional imaging. Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) is the preferred modality for evaluating their nature and malignancy risk, yet f...
The rapid development of online lending in the past decade, while providing convenience and efficiency, also generates large hidden credit risk for the financial system. Will removing financial intermediaries really provide more efficiency to the len...
In this study, we introduce a novel combination of layer-static-weighted attention and ascending feature selection techniques to predict the seriousness level of adverse drug events using the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Adverse Event Reporting...
Social forums offer a lot of new channels for collecting patients’ opinions to construct predictive models of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) for post-marketing surveillance. However, due to the characteristics of social posts, there are many cha...
The purpose of this study is to investigate the degree of adverse selection in the Korean individual annuity market using the money’s worth calculations. The insurers’ pricing of different annuity products reflects individual’s self...
The objective of this paper is to assess the behavior of policyholders and insurance companies in the presence of adverse selection by accounting for costly search and selection efforts, respectively. Insurers seek to stave off high-risk types, while...
The value of information regarding risk class for a monopoly insurer and its customers is examined in both symmetric and asymmetric information environments. A monopolist always prefers contracting with uninformed customers as this maximizes the ren...
Throughout this article, an alternative depreciation method for electric vehicles (EVs) is presented, addressing the challenge of information asymmetry—a common issue in secondary markets. The proposed method is contrasted with traditional mode...
The measurement of psychological constructs is frequently based on self-report tests, which often have Likert-type items rated from “Strongly Disagree” to “Strongly Agree”. Recently, a family of item response theory (IRT) mode...
Voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSCs, or Nav) are important determinants of action potential generation and propagation. Efforts are underway to develop medicines targeting different channel subtypes for the treatment of related channelopathies. Howe...
Research has consistently shown that resume screening decisions, despite their practical importance and frequent use in practice, are prone to biases that disadvantage applicants in demographic minority groups. Using a two-stage multiple-hurdle selec...
This article considers an economy where risk is insurable, but selection determines the pool of individuals who take it up. First, we demonstrate that the comparative statics of these economies do not necessarily depend on its marginal selection (adv...
E-commerce and FinTech are currently booming in China. The growing consumer market is accompanied by internet finance, by which consumers can easily borrow money from financial institutions online. As a result, the growing risks of financial institut...
The neuropharmacology of marijuana, including its effects on selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI)/antidepressant metabolism and the subsequent response and tolerability in youth, has received limited attention. We sought to (1) review clinic...
Background: Activity plays a very important role in keeping bodies strong and healthy, slowing senescence, and decreasing morbidity and mortality. Drosophila models of evolution under various selective pressures can be used to examine whether increas...
Community currencies have recently emerged as tools for assisting the disadvantaged. In order to make a contribution to the larger field of community currencies, the purpose of this research is to investigate how a financial institution evaluates com...
Implementing environmental, social and governance (ESG) disclosure is critical for manufacturers’ sustainable development and high-quality growth. Amid manufacturing agglomeration, firms’ spatial concentration reshapes value creation and...
Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are a huge public health issue. Identifying text that mentions ADRs from a large volume of social media data is important. However, we need to address two challenges for high-performing ADR-related text detection: the da...
In this paper, we discuss the demand side management (DSM) problem: how to incentivize a consumer to equalize the load during the day through price-dependent demand. Traditionally, the retail market offers several electricity payment schemes. A schem...
Considering safety management systems are composed of a coal mine enterprise and a manager, incentive contracts for coal mine production are designed to improve the safety level of coal mine production. Managers must devote costly efforts in terms of...
Monoclonal antibody therapies targeting immuno-modulatory targets such as checkpoint proteins, chemokines, and cytokines have made significant impact in several areas, including cancer, inflammatory disease, and infection. However, antibodies are com...
In closed-loop supply chain systems for power battery remanufacturing, recycling and dismantling tasks will be relegated to third-party recyclers. This has significant disadvantages, inasmuch as the asymmetric exchange of information regarding the le...
Large-scale, publicly funded research and development (R&D) programs are implemented to accelerate state-of-the-art science, technology, and innovation applications that are expected to solve various societal problems. The present study aims to b...
Multi-agent regimens incorporating immunomodulatory (IMiD®) agents such as thalidomide, lenalidomide, and pomalidomide have become the preferred standard of care for the treatment of patients with multiple myeloma (MM), resulting in improved surv...
22 April 2020
Background: The global push to achieve the 90-90-90 targets designed to end the HIV epidemic has called for the removing of policy barriers to prevention and treatment, and ensuring financial sustainability of HIV programs. Universal health insurance...
Post retirement, annuities provide a steady stream of income for retirees. However, the annuitization rate is relatively small in the insurance market in many countries around the world. Prior studies have shown that a substandard health status in re...
1 October 2018
The impact of health insurance on residents’ health is one of the focal points of academic research. Due to the fact that China’s medical insurance system is composed of a variety of programs and that the pooling districts are at the lower administra...
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are widely used for managing inflammation, but they are associated with gastrointestinal and renal toxicity upon long-term use. Selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors, or coxibs, were developed to...
7 April 2022
Patients are recognized as important players in the pharmacovigilance system. This study aims to describe and compare the characteristics of patient reporting systems, reporting forms, awareness raising-activities, and the statistics related to patie...
9 February 2026
Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) prompt parentification, which is related to providing regular caregiving as adults. This study examines the association between the number and types of ACEs and caregiving as adults, and to whom caregiving is exte...
This retrospective multicenter study examines therapy-induced orbital and ocular MRI findings in retinoblastoma patients following selective intra-arterial chemotherapy (SIAC) and quantifies the impact of SIAC on ocular and optic nerve growth. Patien...
Tenoxicam, a selective cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 inhibitor, has potent analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects and is frequently used for out-of-hospital pain control. Even though other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs were incriminated in Stevens&...
The construction industry has a great impact on the environment and, more than ever, bears responsibility for achieving global sustainability goals. Despite the increasing technological development in the industry, information asymmetry between const...
Liver tumors are common and may be unamenable to surgery or ablative treatments. Consequently, other treatments have been devised. To assess the safety and efficacy of transarterial radioembolization (TARE) with Yttrium-90 for hepatocellular carcinom...
This paper demonstrates how the contract theory framework can and should complement standard financial mathematics for analysing Islamic financial securities (IFSs). It is motivated by the perception that most valuations of IFSs are rather simplistic...
Two insurance companies
We study the optimal regulation of a monopolist when intrinsic efficiency (intrinsic cost) and empire building tendency (marginal utility of output) are private information, but actual cost (the difference between intrinsic cost and effort level) is...
The objective of this study is to define an efficient pricing scheme for irrigation water in conditions of unmetered water use. The study is based on a principal-agent model and identifies a menu of contracts, defined as a set of payments and share o...
Background: Serious adverse events (SAEs) and subject replacements occur frequently in phase 1 oncology clinical trials. Whether baseline quality-of-life (QOL) or social support can predict risk for SAEs or subject replacement among these patients is...
We examine price discovery and liquidity provision in the secondary market for bitcoin—an asset with a high level of speculative trading. Based on BTC-e’s full limit order book over the 2013–2014 period, we find that order informati...
We consider a market for lemons in which the seller is a monopolistic price setter and the buyer receives a private noisy signal of the product’s quality. We model this as a game and analyze perfect Bayesian equilibrium prices, trading probabilities...
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