The End Tuberculosis (TB) Strategy has the ambitious goal of ending the global TB epidemic by the year 2030, which is aligned to the Sustainable Development Goals. One of three high level indicators of the Strategy is the “catastrophic costs&rd...
Within the past few decades, improvement in sanitation and economic growth has driven a changing epidemiology of hepatitis A in the Western Pacific Region (WPR) of the World Health Organization (WHO). In this review, we gathered available published i...
Background: This review aimed to identify hepatitis C virus (HCV) prevalence estimates among the general population and six key populations (people who inject drugs, men who have sex with men, sex workers, prisoners/detainees, Indigenous people, and...
Globally, suicide mortality rates have decreased in this century; however, it has been reported that the decreasing trends of some subgroups were attenuated in the late 2010s. These tendencies are pronounced among adolescents. In this study, the temp...
The World Health Organization’s Western Pacific Region is responsible for one-fourth of the global cervical cancer burden, and nearly 90% of that burden is concentrated in middle-income countries (MICs). Applying a conceptual model of implement...
Background: Immunization coverage has increased substantially in the Western Pacific Region, saving millions of lives and supporting disease elimination efforts. However, gaps in coverage and inequitable vaccine access persist, leaving millions unvac...
31 October 2021
The Western Pacific is the most oligotrophic sea on Earth, with numerous seamounts. However, the plankton diversity and biogeography of the Western Pacific in general and the seamount regions in particular remains largely unexplored. In this project,...
Although the End TB Strategy highlights that major global progress towards universal health coverage (UHC) and social protection are fundamental to achieving the global targets for reductions in tuberculosis (TB) incidence and deaths, there is still...
The progress towards ending tuberculosis (TB) by 2035 is less than expected in 11 high TB burden countries in the World Health Organization South-East Asia and Western Pacific regions. Along with enhancing measures aimed at achieving universal access...
Lingula anatina is a brachiopod widely distributed in the western Pacific region. Even though L. anatina has been targeted for a number of biological studies, there is still limited information on intraspecific genetic variations of L. anatina. In th...
Mosquitoes transmit a number of harmful diseases that have an impact on local communities and visitors, and many pose a threat to neighboring countries. As federal monitoring budgets shrink across the world, the increasing importance of citizen scien...
Despite growing concern, there is limited comprehensive and up-to-date research on the burden, disparities, and inequalities of depressive disorders in the Western Pacific region. We obtained data from the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD; 2021) f...
This study presented an analysis of the geometric and optical properties of cirrus clouds with data produced by Compact Cloud-Aerosol Lidar (ComCAL) over Koror, Palau (7.3°N, 134.5°E), in the Tropical Western Pacific region. The lidar measure...
In this study, the climatological precipitation increase from July to August over the western North Pacific (WNP) region was investigated through observations and simulations in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6), atmospheric m...
The Western Pacific Region’s pursuit of measles elimination has seen significant progress and setbacks. Mongolia and Cambodia were the first two middle-income countries in the Western Pacific to be verified as having eliminated measles by the W...
Measles is the most contagious communicable disease, causing an estimated 5.5 million cases and more than 30,000 deaths in the Western Pacific Region (WPR) during 2000. Rubella infection in a pregnant woman can be devastating for the foetus, resultin...
19 June 2021
Background: A substantial global burden of health can be attributed to unhealthy lifestyles and an unhealthy living environment. The concept of a Healthy City is continually creating and improving physical and social environments to enable healthy li...
The population in the Western Pacific region is aging rapidly. Nutritional deficiency is prevalent in older adults; however, information regarding nutritional deficiency in this population is scarce. Using the 2019 Global Burden of Disease (GBD) resu...
We analyzed a variety of satellite-based ocean color products derived using MODIS-Aqua to investigate the most accurate empirical and semi-analytical algorithms for representing in-situ chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM) across a large lati...
Background: The red imported fire ant (RIFA) is one of the world’s most destructive invasive species. RIFA stings are painful and can lead to allergic reactions, including life-threatening anaphylaxis, yet health impacts remain inadequately def...
Ciguatera fish poisoning (CFP) is one of the most frequently reported seafood poisoning diseases. It is endemic to the tropical region and occurs most commonly in the regions around the Pacific Ocean, Indian Ocean, and Caribbean Sea. The principal to...
14 January 2025
Often referred to as ‘the last unknown’, Papua New Guinea’s largely unexplored environments across its four distinct regions, the Highlands, New Guinea Islands, Momase, and Southern, exhibit remarkable diversity. Understanding this...
The track forecasts of tropical cyclones (TC) in the western North Pacific (WNP) basin during 2021 typhoon season with five global models and four regional models are evaluated here. The results show that the average direct position errors (DPEs) of...
The representation of aerosols in climate–chemistry models is important for air quality and climate change research, but it can require significant computational resources. The objective of this study was to improve the representation of aeroso...
Planktic foraminifera are commonly used for first-order age control in deep-sea sediments from low-latitude regions based on a robust tropical–subtropical zonation scheme. Although multiple Neogene planktic foraminiferal biostratigraphic zonati...
In this paper, the teleconnections from the tropical Atlantic to the Indo-Pacific region from inter-annual to centennial time scales will be reviewed. Identified teleconnections and hypotheses on mechanisms at work are reviewed and further explored i...
This study identified the causes of the nonoccurrence of tropical cyclones (TCs) in August 2014 by examining large-scale environments. First, over the previous 30 years, the TC genesis frequency in August showed an overall statistically significant d...
The accuracy of different types of El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) predictions is sensitive to initial errors in different key areas of the Pacific Ocean. To improve the accuracy of the forecast, assimilation techniques can be utilized to...
The equatorial Pacific serves as the world’s largest oceanic source of CO2. The contrasting ocean environment in the eastern (i.e., upwelling) and western (i.e., warm pool) regions makes it difficult to fully characterize its CO2 dynamics with...
Based on the observation and reanalysis data, the relationship between the Madden–Julian Oscillation (MJO) over the Maritime Continent (MC) and the tropical Pacific–Indian Ocean associated mode was analyzed. The results showed that the MJ...
Most species in the family Symbiodiniaceae are symbiotic partners to invertebrate and protist hosts, but a few live freely in water columns. Here, a free-living dinoflagellate was isolated from the waters off the Dokdo Islands in the East Sea of Kore...
Subtype H3N2 influenza A viruses (A(H3N2)) have been the dominant strain in some countries in the Western Pacific region since the 2009 influenza A(H1N1) pandemic. Vaccination is the most effective way to prevent influenza; however, low vaccine effec...
The monsoon and tropical cyclone (TC) are principal components of global climate variability. The relationship between the monsoon intensity and the TC genesis frequency (TCGF) in different major monsoon regions has not been fully studied. Here, we c...
The inter-annual variability of boreal summer intra-seasonal oscillation (BSISO) propagation from the Indian Ocean (IO) to the western Pacific (WP) is investigated for the boreal summers (May to September) of 1979–2018. It is shown that the int...
The intraseasonal oscillation (ISO) of the East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) is an important factor affecting summer precipitation in China, but the relationship between the ISO of the EASM and summer precipitation in southwest China is currently stil...
Over the past few decades, the global mean sea level rise and superimposed regional fluctuations of sea level have exerted considerable stress on coastal communities, especially in low-elevation regions such as the Pacific Islands in the western Sout...
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) represents a significant health threat worldwide. The aging population and a rise in metabolic syndrome in Asia might influence the epidemiology of NAFLD among the elderly. However, there is a lack of understa...
Reconstructing changes in deep/bottom-water redox conditions are critical for understanding the role of the deep ocean in global carbon and metals cycling; nevertheless, the quantitative relationships between redox proxies and abyssal dissolved oxyge...
Variation in summer precipitation over the Yangtze River region during a global warming period (1976−1997) and a hiatus period (1998−2013) are investigated in this study. The results show that during the warming period, precipitation over...
This study assessed the precipitation recycling and moisture sources in the Colombian Pacific region between 1980–2017, based on the monitoring of moisture in the atmosphere through the Eulerian Water Accounting Model-2 layer (WAM2 layer) and t...
With the increasing problem of global warming caused by the massive use of fossil fuels, biomass energy as a renewable energy source has attracted widespread attention throughout the globe. In this paper, we analyzed the spatial and temporal variatio...
The evolution of the South Asian high (SAH) and its role in the onset process of the Asian summer monsoon (ASM) during the spring-to-summer transition are investigated by using the NCEP-DOE reanalysis II dataset, with a focus on climatology and inter...
The Pan-Okhotsk region, which is part of the western North Pacific Ocean, is famous for its active volcanoes, which are part of the Pacific Ring of Fire and that enrich the surrounding waters with essential chemicals. Therefore, this region, includin...
2 March 2012
Introduction: Over the past 20 years the WHO has considerably improved world mortality data. There are still shortcomings but more countries now report data and world-wide estimates are regularly made. Methods: Data about mortality have been retrieve...
The Aleutian Low (AL) operates multiple time scales. The intraseasonal variation of AL is responsible for the subseasonal variability over the pan-North Pacific region. Atmospheric water vapor transport and atmospheric rivers (ARs) changes associated...
Mesoscale eddies propagate westward in the northwestern Pacific Ocean and interact with the Kuroshio in the vicinity of the western boundary of the ocean. However, the processes affecting the eddy properties and the detailed structure of the eddies w...
This study delves into the long-term atmospheric transport and deposition of 210Pb in the Northern Hemisphere by using the atmospheric transport model HIRAT. The calculation for the four-year (2012–2015) period showed an average deposition flux...
To reduce atmospheric pollutants, the sources need to be identified. To this end, combustion-derived particulates (Pc) in atmospheric suspended particulate matter (TSP) in ten Western Pacific cities from 1997 to 2018 were analyzed using the NP method...
Freshwater shrimps of the family Atyidae of New Guinea, including those from the Indonesian province of Papua, the Aru Islands, and the country of Papua New Guinea, are reviewed. A taxonomic synopsis is given to the 35 species identified so far, incl...
Background: Obesity is a major health concern worldwide and the World Health Organization (WHO) has declared it a global epidemic. We aimed to analyze temporal trends of obesity prevalence worldwide. Methods: We used data of “The Global Health...
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