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Knee osteoarthritis is the most popular type of osteoarthritis that causes extreme pain in the elderly. Currently, there is no cure for osteoarthritis. To lessen clinical symptoms, glucosamine was suggested. The primary goal of our systematic review...

AmpC enzymes are a class of beta-lactamases produced by Gram-negative bacteria, including several Enterobacterales. When produced in sufficient amounts, AmpCs can hydrolyze third-generation cephalosporins (3GCs) and piperacillin/tazobactam, causing r...

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are one of the most common infections and are frequently caused by Gram-negative organisms. The rise of resistant isolates has prompted evaluation of alternative therapies, including amoxicillin-clavulanate which has p...

Small interfering RNA (siRNA)-based medications offer the ability to target previously undruggable targets and have now received FDA approval in five instances for orphan or uncommon diseases. The current siRNA “-sirans” are directed towa...

Objective: The purpose of this review is to examine the potential role of donanemab-azbt in the treatment and management of early-stage Alzheimer’s disease (AD), with a focus on its efficacy, safety, and clinical relevance based on data from ke...

Health concerns associated with the consumption of food supplements rise in parallel with the rise in the popularity and market availability of these products. In pursuit of data related to the unauthorized presence of pharmaceuticals in food supplem...

Background: Self-medication (SM) is a growing phenomenon worldwide that has recently been classified as one of the most serious public health problems. SM can result in an incorrect self-diagnosis, inappropriate treatment, potential adverse reactions...

Background: Medication review is a multifaceted service aimed at optimizing the use of medicines and enhancing the health outcomes of patients. Due to its complexity, it is crucial to clearly describe the service, its variants, and its components to...

Hemorrhoidal disease remains a prevalent yet often overlooked condition, affecting millions worldwide and imposing a substantial healthcare burden. Despite the availability of multiple treatment options, gaps persist in patient education, early sympt...

Intravenously administered nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) constitute a crucial component of multimodal analgesia strategies in surgical settings. This narrative review aims to provide an up-to-date evaluation of the efficacy, safety, a...

Background: Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) and associated hypopnoea syndromes are chronic conditions of sleep-disordered breathing with significant sequelae if poorly managed, including hypertension, cardiovascular disease, metabolic syndrome and inc...

The complexities surrounding the use of medications, substance abuse, and the recreational use of plants are multifaceted and warrant a comprehensive examination. This review highlights the complexities surrounding the consumption of chemical substan...

Agranulocytosis represents a severe complication associated with the administration of clozapine. Clozapine is an antipsychotic medication that has demonstrated substantial efficacy in remediating refractory schizophrenia and various other psychiatri...

Linezolid (LZD) has a longstanding reported association with the onset of serotonin toxicity (ST), secondary to drug–drug interactions with serotoninergic agents. There have been no conclusive data supporting the incidence or contributing risk...

Introduction: The designer benzodiazepine (DBZD) market continues to expand whilst evading regulatory controls. The widespread adoption of social media by pro-drug use communities encourages positive discussions around DBZD use/misuse, driving demand...

Community pharmacies (CPs) in Asian countries are often the first point of contact for patients withinthe healthcare system and their preferred place to purchase medicines. The number of CPs may vary across Asian countries, and each country has devel...

To assess the prevalence of melatonin use and its perceived benefits among university students in different specialties in Saudi Arabia, a cross-sectional survey was conducted between March and June 2023. Data about demographics, time of melatonin us...

Over the past five years, the application of artificial intelligence (AI) including its significant subset, machine learning (ML), has significantly advanced pharmaceutical procedures in community pharmacies, hospital pharmacies, and pharmaceutical i...

Background: Ensuring the consistent availability of essential medicines is crucial for effective healthcare systems. However, Ethiopian public health facilities have faced frequent stockouts of crucial medications, highlighting systemic challenges su...

Musculoskeletal disorders represent one of the most pervasive health concerns that drive frequent medical consultations and pharmacy encounters. Community pharmacies are well placed to help address this demand as they are accessible settings for heal...

Truly personalized precision medicine combines pharmacogenomics (PGx), a person’s lived medication experiences and ethics; person-centeredness lies at the confluence of these considerations. A person-centered perspective can help inform PGx-rel...

(1) Background: Risk factors for extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) infections could vary geographically. The purpose of this study was to identify local risk factors for ESBL production in patients with Gram-negative bacteremia. (2) Methods: Th...

Most patients with pancreatic cancer at some point present with symptoms related to exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (EPI). These include diarrhea, abdominal bloating, indigestion, steatorrhea, weight loss, and anorexia. Even though up to 80% of pan...

Background: While public health efforts have made tobacco smoking near obsolete among adolescents, vaping products are quickly taking their place. With the negative health consequences looming ahead of young vapers, there is a desperate need to curb...

Melatonin, which is classified as a dietary supplement by the Saudi Food and Drug Authority, is used to manage sleep disorders. In this study, community pharmacists’ knowledge and attitudes about dispensing melatonin supplements and the perceiv...

The aim of this systematic review was to identify and critically appraise the available evidence regarding solid oral dosage forms (SODFs), e.g., tablets, and challenges regarding the oral administration of medicine to inpatients in a variety of heal...

Evidence-based prescribing requires taking into consideration the many aspects of optimal drug administration (e.g., dosage, comorbidities, co-administered drugs, etc.). A key issue is the administration of drugs for acute disorders that may potentia...

Pharmacists, essential healthcare providers, face significant challenges in professional satisfaction and well-being. This study investigates the factors influencing pharmacists’ professional satisfaction, mainly focusing on workload, organizat...

In clinical practice, drug–drug interactions (DDIs) pose significant risks to a large number of patients. Consequently, healthcare providers are required to diligently identify, monitor, and effectively handle these interactions in order to enh...

Problematic sleep or insomnia has been a recognised issue for many individuals in society, and university students can be of particular concern due to unique academic pressures. A systematic review was designed to summarise the current evidence about...

Background: Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are routinely prescribed complex medication regimes. Medication reconciliation, medicine reviews, patient counselling and disease state and medication education are all key pharmacist-led interve...

United States healthcare outcomes, including avoidable mortality rates, are among the worst of high-income countries despite the highest healthcare spending per capita. While community pharmacies contribute to chronic disease management and preventiv...

Drug safety is crucial in healthcare, ensuring the secure and effective administration of medications to protect patient welfare. Drug and medication safety is a major concern among Saudi healthcare providers, with numerous studies outlining the inci...

Background: Electronic prescribing systems (e-prescription) for medications have many benefits, including patient safety, increase in patient satisfaction, efficiency of pharmacy work, and quality of patient care. However, few studies have been condu...

Background: Opioid-induced constipation (OIC) is a pervasive and distressing side effect of chronic opioid therapy in patients with cancer pain, significantly impacting their quality of life. Peripherally acting μ-opioid receptor antagonists (PAMO...

Medication errors (MEs) are a global health problem. We conducted this study to clarify the clinical characteristics, outcomes, and factors associated with MEs that caused harm to adult patients (>15 years of age) who were managed in hospitals or...

Background: Online education became the new normal during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the number of studies exploring the potential advantages/disadvantages of e-learning in pharmacy courses is limited. Study aim: to propose a strengths, weakness...

Technology has increasingly influenced the provision of healthcare services by enhancing patient safety, optimising workflows, and improving efficiency. Large healthcare facilities have adopted automated dispensing cabinets (ADCs) as an advanced tech...

Drug dispensing in retail pharmacies typically involves several manual tasks that often lead to inefficiencies and errors. This is the first published quality improvement study in Latin America, specifically in Brazil, investigating the operational i...

There are three known clinical syndromes of leishmaniasis: cutaneous (CL), mucocutaneous (MCL), and visceral disease (VL). In MCL and VL, treatment must be systemic (either oral or intravenous), while CL treatment options vary and include observation...

This systematic review compared the efficacy and tolerance of oral antipsychotics (APDs) used in the treatment of schizophrenia following the PRISMA-P© statement (n = 21). The primary outcomes of interest were clinical response measured with sym...

Background: Medical Science Liaisons (MSLs) serve a vital role in facilitating the exchange of scientific knowledge between pharmaceutical companies and health care professionals (HCPs), including pharmacists, ensuring the dissemination of accurate,...

Background: Pembrolizumab is a monoclonal antibody (mAb) approved for treating Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC), melanoma and lymphomas. Commercialized in single-size (100 mg/4 mL) vials, the pembrolizumab solution contains no preservative. As such...

The field of pharmacogenomics is at the forefront of a healthcare revolution, promising to usher in a new era of precision medicine [...]

Objective: To systematically review the scientific literature on lysergic acid amide (LSA), focusing on its physical, neurobiological, and social effects, as well as its potential risks and therapeutic uses. Methods: A systematic review was conducted...

In this review, we examine the impact of the Inflation Reduction Act (IRA) of 2022 on pharmaceutical drugs in the United States, drawing on a diverse range of sources to understand the perceptions of multiple stakeholders and professionals. Findings...

Patients require important information when prescribed medications. For example, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) requires that promotional information includes a fair balance of risks and benefits. This study evaluates how well legitimate...

In 2020, the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) recommended a change in vancomycin therapeutic drug monitoring from trough-based to AUC/MIC-based to optimize vancomycin’s efficacy and reduce nephrotoxicity. Many hospitals have not im...

The overarching goal of public health is to advance the health of individuals, communities, and populations [...]

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is treated with medications to induce and maintain remission. However, many people with IBD do not take their prescribed treatment. Identifying factors associated with IBD medication adherence is crucial for supportin...