Empowering Pharmacists in Heartburn Management: Practical Insights for OTC Treatment and Self-Care

Heartburn is a prevalent and frequently self-managed condition, with a myriad of over-the-counter (OTC) treatment options available for self-care. The potential for misinterpretation of drug labels and improper OTC medication selection may result in inadequate treatment, potential drug interactions, as well as medication overuse, misuse, or delay in seeking treatment for a more serious health condition. As highly accessible healthcare professionals, pharmacists play a crucial role in validating self-diagnoses, in guiding appropriate OTC medication selection and use, and in educating patients on both pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic management strategies for heartburn. It is essential for pharmacists to remain informed about the latest developments in disease management and treatment options. This narrative review provides an updated perspective on the epidemiology, risk factors, pathophysiology, and clinical manifestations associated with heartburn while underscoring the expanding role of pharmacists in patient care. This review includes a structured assessment framework and clinical management algorithm designed to enhance pharmacists’ ability to identify red flag symptoms, optimize OTC medication use, and facilitate timely referrals when necessary. By incorporating evidence-based guidance with patient-centered counseling, pharmacists can enhance treatment outcomes, optimize, medication use, promote adherence, and ensure safer self-care practices. As self-medication trends and the role of pharmacists evolves, this review offers a comprehensive resource to equip pharmacists with the latest knowledge and practical tools for optimizing heartburn management and promoting patient safety.