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6 pages, 2316 KiB

Open AccessProceeding Paper

Simulation of Gravity Filling in a Silica Sand Mold with Gray Cast Iron (EN-GJL-250)

by Krum Petrov, Antonio Nikolov and Anton Mihaylov

Eng. Proc. 2025, 100(1), 1; https://doi.org/10.3390/engproc2025100001 - 25 Jun 2025

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Abstract

This study presents a simulation modeling of the gravity filling of a sand casting mold with gray cast iron EN-GJL-250. An analysis of the fluid flow, the nature of the filling of the casting mold, and the possibility of forming defects, such as voids and porosity due to metal shrinkage during the crystallization process, was performed. The simulation was performed using specialized software for simulating metal casting processes. The software allows the modeling of fluid dynamics and thermal conditions during the filling of the casting mold. The results obtained show the influence of the design of the sprue system, pouring temperature, and casting geometry on the movement of the fluid flow and the crystallization of the metal. The simulation also allows the visualization of turbulence and temperature gradients, helping to localize areas prone to defects. The results of this study could improve the quality of the specific casting and aid in selecting appropriate technology for the casting of a small series of high-quality castings. Full article

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 14th International Scientific Conference TechSys 2025—Engineering, Technologies and Systems)

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12 pages, 938 KiB

Open AccessProceeding Paper

Energy Management of Charging Stations for Electric Vehicles

by Todor Stoilov, Krasimira Stoilova and Denis Chikurtev

Eng. Proc. 2025, 100(1), 2; https://doi.org/10.3390/engproc2025100002 (registering DOI) - 26 Jun 2025

Abstract

The energy distribution between several charging stations for electric vehicles (EVs) is considered. An optimization problem is defined that aims to minimize the service time for EV charging. The charging sequence is evaluated and determined in view of the energy capacity constraint that is allocated to the set of stations. Empirical simulations and comparisons are performed to prove the “shorter EV charging capacity first” charging policy. Full article

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 14th International Scientific Conference TechSys 2025—Engineering, Technologies and Systems)

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11 pages, 1502 KiB

Open AccessProceeding Paper

A Methodology for Modernization of Hydropower Unit in Pumped Hydro Energy Storage Systems

by Georgi Todorov, Konstantin Kamberov and Tsvetan Tsalov

Eng. Proc. 2025, 100(1), 3; https://doi.org/10.3390/engproc2025100003 - 26 Jun 2025

Abstract

This study aims to preview the possibilities for the modernization of pumped hydro energy storage systems, using actual engineering tools. The survey starts with a detailed analysis of the existing approaches and practices. Furthermore, a detailed methodology is developed and commented on in detail. The major aim of this methodology is to evaluate both the technical and economic aspects of the modernization and to obtain maximal output of the system. The methodology involves the assessment of the current state of the art of the examined structures, using virtual prototyping techniques that are later combined with reliability prediction and failure modes and effects analysis, to be used together with a financial analysis of possible solutions. A primer of experienced damage in existing infrastructure further demonstrates the developed methodology. Its examination shows possible rehabilitation methods that are commented on and targeted for future detailed evaluation. Full article

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 14th International Scientific Conference TechSys 2025—Engineering, Technologies and Systems)

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