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Universe, Volume 8, Issue 1

January 2022 - 56 articles

Cover Story: The probability that an observed gravitational wave has been (de-)amplified due to gravitational lensing by a given amount is a detector-dependent quantity. It is a function of lens distribution, distribution of sources, and detector sensitivity. We introduce a semi-analytic approach to determine the probability distribution of the magnification of a given source population observed with a given detector. We computed the expected magnification as both a function of redshift and of the observed source luminosity distance, which is the only quantity one can access in the absence of an electromagnetic counterpart. We show that we cannot reasonably ’tweak’ galaxy population models or stellar evolution models so that we could conclude that most of the observed LIGO/Virgo detections are strongly lensed. View this paper
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Articles (56)

  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
3,410 Views
12 Pages

17 January 2022

We re-examine the appearance of semiheaps and (para-associative) ternary algebras in quantum mechanics. In particular, we review the construction of a semiheap on a Hilbert space and the set of bounded operators on a Hilbert space. The new aspect of...

  • Communication
  • Open Access
8 Citations
2,845 Views
10 Pages

17 January 2022

The late universe contains a wealth of information about fundamental physics and gravity, wrapped up in non-Gaussian fields. To make use of as much information as possible, it is necessary to go beyond two-point statistics. Rather than going to highe...

  • Article
  • Open Access
13 Citations
3,088 Views
18 Pages

Constraints on the Production of Phosphine by Venusian Volcanoes

  • William Bains,
  • Oliver Shorttle,
  • Sukrit Ranjan,
  • Paul B. Rimmer,
  • Janusz J. Petkowski,
  • Jane S. Greaves and
  • Sara Seager

17 January 2022

The initial reports of the presence of phosphine in the cloud decks of Venus have led to the suggestion that volcanism is the source of phosphine, through volcanic phosphides ejected into the clouds. Here, we examine the idea that mantle plume volcan...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
3,571 Views
12 Pages

Entropy of Artificial Intelligence

  • Tamás Sándor Biró and
  • Antal Jakovác

16 January 2022

We describe a model of artificial intelligence systems based on the dimension of the probability space of the input set available for recognition. In this scenario, we can understand a subset, which means that we can decide whether an object is an el...

  • Article
  • Open Access
32 Citations
3,387 Views
17 Pages

16 January 2022

The Event Horizon Telescope collaboration has revealed the first direct image of a black hole, as per the shadow of a Kerr black hole of general relativity. However, other Kerr-like rotating black holes of modified gravity theories cannot be ignored,...

  • Review
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,815 Views
13 Pages

13 January 2022

This work is based on the formalism developed in the study of the thermodynamics of spacetime used to derive Einstein equations from the proportionality of entropy within an area. When low-energy quantum gravity effects are considered, an extra logar...

  • Communication
  • Open Access
2 Citations
2,197 Views
8 Pages

13 January 2022

We consider the fourth-order differential theory of gravitation to treat the problem of singularity avoidance: studying the short-distance behaviour in the case of black-holes and the big-bang we are going to see a way to attack the issue from a gene...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
2,477 Views
16 Pages

12 January 2022

Neutron star is an important object for us to verify the equation of state of hadronic matter. For a specific choice of equations of state, mass and radius of a neutron star are determined, for which there are constraints from observations. According...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
2,441 Views
16 Pages

Scalar Perturbations of Black Holes in the f(R)=R2αR Model

  • Ping Li,
  • Rui Jiang,
  • Jian Lv and
  • Xianghua Zhai

12 January 2022

In this paper, we study the perturbations of the charged static spherically symmetric black holes in the f(R)=R−2αR model by a scalar field. We analyze the quasinormal modes spectrum, superradiant modes, and superradiant instability of th...

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Universe - ISSN 2218-1997