Energies, Volume 10, Issue 8

Natural gas hydrate (NGH) concentrations hold large reserves of relatively pure unconventional natural gases, consisting mainly of methane. Depressurization is emerging as the optimum conversion technology for converting NGH in its reservoir to its c...

Renewable energy systems have received a lot of attention as sustainable technology in building sector. However, the efficiency of the renewable energy systems depends on the surrounding conditions, and it could gradually decrease by excessive and lo...

As part of a preliminary hazard analysis for a new phenol plant, the results of a hazard and operability study (HAZOP) conducted in the initial stages of the project design were re-evaluated due mechanical failure detected during the test operation....

Nuclear power has been questioned almost since its beginnings and one of the major issues concerning its social acceptability around the world is nuclear waste management. In recent years, these issues have led to a rise in public opposition in some...

(1) Background: The application of high insulation to a building envelope helps reduce the heating load, but increases the cooling load. Evaluating the installation of high insulation glazing to buildings in climate zones with four distinct seasons,...

To meet the requirements of micro-grid real-time simulation, a novel real-time simulator for micro-grids based on Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) and orders (FO-RTDS) is designed. We describe the design idea of the real-time solver and the order...

The integration of Distributed Generation, Electric Vehicles, and storage without compromising the quality of the power delivery requires the deployment of a communications overlay that allows monitoring and controlling low voltage networks in almost...

This paper presents a control structure for transformerless photovoltaic inverters connected in parallel to manage photovoltaic fields in the MW range. Large photovoltaic farms are usually divided into several photovoltaic fields, each one of them ma...

Customer requirements for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) with long flight times are increasing exponentially in the personal, commercial, and military use areas. Due to their limited payload, large numbers of on-board battery packs cannot be used an...

Injecting water into a coal seam to enhance the cohesive strength of coal and thus minimize and reduce the coal wall spalling risk must be considered in underground coal mining systems. In general, coal with low cohesive strength contains clay minera...

Public power system test cases that are of high quality benefit the power systems research community with expanded resources for testing, demonstrating, and cross-validating new innovations. Building synthetic grid models for this purpose is a relati...

This paper discusses the characteristics of Birchwood gasification using the simulated results of a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) model. The CFD model is developed and validated with the experimental results obtained with the fixed bed downdraft...

The controlled presplitting blasting technique is widely used in mining engineering to improve the permeability and gas extraction efficiency of coal seams. One of the key factors is the appropriate arrangement of the blasting and drainage holes, whi...

In recent years the aerospace industry has made a growing effort to develop a quieter and more environmentally friendly aircraft. In particular, several research activities have been focused on innovative solutions aimed at the design/optimization of...

Fractal geometry (fractional Brownian motion—FBM) is introduced to characterize the pore distribution of porous material. Based on this fractal characterization, a mathematical model of heat conduction is presented to study heat conduction behaviors...

In this paper, we conduct a feasibility study of the wind energy potential in Gaza, which suffers from a severe shortage of energy supplies. Our calculated energy harvested from the wind is based on data for a typical meteorological year, which are f...

In this paper, a missing wind speed data temporal interpolation and extrapolation method in the wind energy industry was investigated. Given that traditional methods have previously ignored part of mixed uncertainty of wind speed, a concrete granular...

Three exergy accounting approaches are used to evaluate exergy efficiency: the Energy Resources Exergy Accounting (EREA), the Natural Resources’ Exergy Accounting (NREA) and the Extended Exergy Accounting (EEA). To test the consistency of the results...

Currently, in the UK, it is widely believed that supply from renewable energy sources is capable of reaching proportions too great for the transmission system. This research investigates this topic objectively by offering an understanding of year-to-...

This paper proposes an index called net load carrying capability (NLCC) to evaluate the contribution of a generating unit to the flexibility of a power system. NLCC is defined as the amount by which the load can be increased when a generating unit is...

A relative humidity (RH) measurement based on pressure drop analysis is presented as a diagnostic tool to experimentally quantify the amount of excess water on the cathode side of a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC). Ex-situ pressure dro...

Oil producers are going through a hard period. They have a number of real options at their disposal. This paper addresses the valuation of two of them: the option to delay investment and the option to abandon a producing field. A prerequisite for thi...

The massive and continuous development of renewable energy systems is making it possible to achieve the European goals regarding environment and sustainability. On the other hand, it leads to the progression of significant problems such as low renewa...

For power systems with long-distance ultra-high-voltage (UHV) transmission lines, power transmission limits are often determined by static stability limits. Therefore, the assessment of stability and finding solutions to improve the stability reserve...

On account of their high power, thermal efficiency, good reliability, safety, and durability, low-speed two-stroke marine diesel engines are used as the main drive devices for large fuel and cargo ships. Most marine engines use heavy fuel oil (HFO) a...

An experimental study was conducted to evaluate the feasibility of employing binary hydrates as a medium for H₂ storage. Two reagents, tetrahydrofuran (THF) and tetra-n-butylammonium bromide (TBAB), which had been reported previously to have potentia...

Improving leak detection capability to eliminate undetected releases is an area of focus for the energy pipeline industry, and the pipeline companies are working to improve existing methods for monitoring their pipelines. Computer model-based leak de...

Electric vehicles (EV), including Battery Electric Vehicle (BEV), Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV), Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV), Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle (FCEV), are becoming more commonplace in the transportation sector in recent times. As...

To analyze the effect of summer ventilation on the thermal performance and energy efficiency of buildings utilizing phase change materials (PCMs), this paper simulated the indoor temperature variation and energy saving performance of buildings constr...

The growing environmental challenge of electrical energy systems has prompted a substantial increase in renewable energy generation. Such generation systems allow for significant reduction of CO₂ emissions compared with a traditional fossil fuel plan...

Magnesium-ion conducting gel polymer electrolytes (GPEs) with different contents of nano-sized MgO have been prepared and investigated by various electrical and electrochemical techniques. The Mg²⁺ ion conduction in GPEs was confirmed from cyclic vol...

Energy management of hybrid resources has become a critical issue in integrated energy system analysis. In this study, as a self-regulating demand response (DR) management mechanism, deferrable electrolyzers are used as a main controlled resource in...

Aiming to reduce the high mining stress observed in large-space roof structures during mechanized mining of thick coal seams, a control technique based on protective-seam mining is proposed. This technique was used to investigate the 8108 working fac...

The fluctuations of wind power impact the stable operation of a power system as its penetration grows high. Energy storage may be a potential solution to suppress these fluctuations and has drawn much attention in recent years. As the time scale of w...

Accurate parameter estimation of solar cells is vital to assess and predict the performance of photovoltaic energy systems. For the estimation model to accurately track the experimentally measured current-voltage (I-V) data, the parameter estimation...

The fast-growing wind power industry faces the challenge of reducing operation and maintenance (O&M) costs for wind power plants. Predictive maintenance is essential to improve wind turbine reliability and prolong operation time, thereby reducing...

Reactive power modulation of wind power plants is an effective way to damp inter-area oscillation in wind power penetrated power systems. For doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) based wind farms, there are two different ways to achieve reactive pow...

With increasing emissions of industrial wastewater and poor control measures, environmental pollution has become a serious issue haunting China’s economic development. Meanwhile, the current pollution management policy system in China is mainly under...

The rapid growth of mobile communication technology and the corresponding significant increase in the number of cellular base stations (BSs) have increased operational expenses (OPEX) for mobile operators, due to increased electricity prices and foss...

Despite the significant progress observed over the last decades, the European building stock still consumes significant amounts of energy (39% of the total final energy), whilst it does not always provide the conditions required for occupants’ well-b...

This study examines the fermentation of autohydrolyzed and 1-n-butyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate (C₄mimOAc) pretreated sugarcane bagasse, using four different yeast strains to determine the efficiency of bioethanol production. Three strains of Saccha...

The purpose of the biomass torrefaction and pelletizing processes is to increase its energy properties, be environmentally friendly, decrease shipping costs, and make handling easier. The objective of the present work is to evaluate the density, inte...

The large capacity transmission of power over long distance and the rapid development of renewable energy increase the probability of unexpected emergencies such as overload and under-voltage. To tackle these emergencies and defend future disturbance...

This paper presents a new planning approach based on voltage stability index (VSI) together with improved loss minimization (LM) formulations. The method has employed for application of distributed generation (DG) unit placement (location and size) i...

Much research is ongoing to find suitable alternate fuels in order to reduce the exhaust emission levels without deteriorating the basic performance characteristics of conventional spark-ignited (SI) engines. One of the methods to achieve the above p...

Stable and accurate forecasting of icing thickness is of great significance for the safe operation of the power grid. In order to improve the robustness and accuracy of such forecasting, this paper proposes an innovative combination forecasting model...

Combustion and heat release characteristics of biogas non-premixed flames under various hydrogen-enriched and oxygen-enriched conditions were investigated through chemical kinetics simulation using detailed chemical mechanisms. The heat release rates...

In December 2015 the nations of the world agreed, in principle, to limit global warming to no more than 2 °C above pre-industrial levels. In order to achieve this goal, recent publications have shown that (1) more than 50% of known fossil fuel reserv...

The successful application of the unified power flow controller (UPFC) provides a new control method for the secure and economic operation of power system. In order to make the full use of UPFC and improve the economic efficiency and static security...

While considering constraints in regard to sustainability, this paper reviews the development of a methodology to assess the introduction of bioenergy supply chains in Mexico based on forest woody biomass. Three research modules include analyses of f...