2024 March-2 - 306 articles
With its exponential growth, the Internet of Things (IoT) has produced unprecedented levels of connectivity and data. Anomaly detection is a security feature that identifies instances in which system behavior deviates from the expected norm, facilita...
In this article, the issue of joint state and fault estimation is ironed out for delayed state-saturated systems subject to energy harvesting sensors. Under the effect of energy harvesting, the sensors can harvest energy from the external environment...
This study addresses the ongoing challenge for learning-based methods to achieve accurate object detection in foggy conditions. In response to the scarcity of foggy traffic image datasets, we propose a foggy weather simulation algorithm based on mono...
To date, clinical expert opinion is the gold standard diagnostic technique for Parkinson’s disease (PD), and continuous monitoring is a promising candidate marker. This study assesses the feasibility and performance of a new wearable tool for s...
This work presents an approach that integrates the results of measuring, analyzing, and modeling air flow phenomena driven by pressurized air in a flue organ pipe. The investigation concerns a Bourdon organ pipe. Measurements are performed in an anec...
This study investigates the effects of speed variations and computational delays on the performance of end-to-end autonomous driving systems (ADS). Utilizing 1:10 scale mini-cars with limited computational resources, we demonstrate that different dri...
In this paper, surface electromyography (sEMG) is used to gather the activation neural signal from muscles during an indoor rowing exercise. The exercise was performed by professional athletes and amateur non-athletes. The data acquisition and proces...
Scene recognition is the task of identifying the environment shown in an image. Spectral filter array cameras allow for fast capture of multispectral images. Scene recognition in multispectral images is usually performed after demosaicing the raw ima...
Colorimetric characterisation systems based on LEDs and RBG sensors are straightforward to implement, are highly integrable allowing for portable measurement systems and can be constructed using widespread and affordable components. They have already...
Bioluminescence is light produced by organisms through chemical reactions. In most cases, bioluminescent organisms produce light in response to mechanical stimulation, including from shear around objects moving in the water. Many phytoplankton and zo...
The BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS) provides real-time absolute location services to users around the world and plays a key role in the rapidly evolving field of autonomous driving. In complex urban environments, the positioning accuracy of...
In the process of activating non-conductive smart-structures using piezoelectric patches, one possible method is to add a conductive layer to ensure electrical contact of both electrodes of the ceramic. Therefore, depending on the stiffness and the t...
A metamaterial-inspired varactor-tuned antenna with frequency reconfigurability and pattern diversity is designed. Two different versions of a reconfigurable structure are integrated into a single antenna to excite two different orthogonal patterns,...
Embedded sensors (ESs) are used in smart materials to enable continuous and permanent measurements of their structural integrity, while sensing technology involves developing sensors, sensory systems, or smart materials that monitor a wide range of p...
Inertial measurement units (IMUs) are key components of various applications including navigation, robotics, aerospace, and automotive systems. IMU sensor characteristics have a significant impact on the accuracy and reliability of these applications...
Radiofrequency (RF) coils for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) applications serve to generate RF fields to excite the nuclei in the sample (transmit coil) and to pick up the RF signals emitted by the nuclei (receive coil). For the purpose of optimizi...
In this paper, we propose a new optical encryption technique that uses the single random phase mask. In conventional optical encryptions such as double random phase encryption (DRPE), two different random phase masks are required to encrypt the prima...
Digital Holographic Microscopy (DHM) is a 3D imaging technology widely applied in biology, microelectronics, and medical research. However, the noise generated during the 3D imaging process can affect the accuracy of medical diagnoses. To solve this...
Movement control can be an indicator of how challenging a task is for the athlete, and can provide useful information to improve training efficiency and prevent injuries. This study was carried out to determine whether inertial measurement units (IMU...
With the development of the mobile network communication industry, 5G has been widely used in the consumer market, and the application of 5G technology for indoor positioning has emerged. Like most indoor positioning techniques, the propagation of 5G...
Soft sensors are increasingly being used to provide important information about production processes that is otherwise only available through off-line laboratory analysis. However, usually, they are developed for a specific application, for which tho...
Graphics processing units (GPUs) facilitate massive parallelism and high-capacity storage, and thus are suitable for the iterative reconstruction of ultrahigh-resolution micro computed tomography (CT) scans by on-the-fly system matrix (OTFSM) calcula...
As an essential reference to bridge dynamic characteristics, the identification of bridge frequencies has far-reaching consequences for the health monitoring and damage evaluation of bridges. This study proposes a uniform scheme to identify bridge fr...
Frequency mixing magnetic detection (FMMD) is a sensitive and selective technique to detect magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) serving as probes for binding biological targets. Its principle relies on the nonlinear magnetic relaxation dynamics of a partic...
The remote monitoring of vital signs and healthcare provision has become an urgent necessity due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the world. Blood oxygen level, heart rate, and body temperature data are crucial for managing the disease and e...
The advancement in digital technology is transforming the world. It enables smart product–service systems that improve productivity by changing tasks, processes, and the ways we work. There are great opportunities in maintenance because many ta...
Automated precision weed control requires visual methods to discriminate between crops and weeds. State-of-the-art plant detection methods fail to reliably detect weeds, especially in dense and occluded scenes. In the past, using hand-crafted detecti...
The advancement of deep learning in human activity recognition (HAR) using 3D skeleton data is critical for applications in healthcare, security, sports, and human–computer interaction. This paper tackles a well-known gap in the field, which is...
This study assesses the agreement of compressive and shear force estimates at the L5-S1 joint using inertial motion capture (IMC) within a musculoskeletal simulation model during manual lifting tasks, compared against a top-down optical motion captur...
The current new type of inertial navigation system, including rotating inertial navigation systems and three-autonomy inertial navigation systems, has been increasingly widely applied. Benefited by the rotating mechanisms of these inertial navigation...
With the development of deep learning and sensors and sensor collection methods, computer vision inspection technology has developed rapidly. The deep-learning-based classification algorithm requires the acquisition of a model with superior generaliz...
Accurate and robust simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) systems are crucial for autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) to perform missions in unknown environments. However, directly applying deep learning-based SLAM methods to underwater envi...
Lower extremity exercises are considered a standard and necessary treatment for rehabilitation and a well-rounded fitness routine, which builds strength, flexibility, and balance. The efficacy of rehabilitation programs hinges on meticulous monitorin...
Surface crack detection is an integral part of infrastructure health surveys. This work presents a transformative shift towards rapid and reliable data collection capabilities, dramatically reducing the time spent on inspecting infrastructures. Two u...
The measurement of bladder volume is crucial for the diagnosis and treatment of urinary system diseases. Ultrasound imaging, with its non-invasive, radiation-free, and repeatable scanning capabilities, has become the preferred method for measuring re...
During a vertical vortex-induced vibration (VVIV), an undulating bridge deck will affect drivers’ sightlines, causing the phenomenon of drifting and changes in the far blind area, thus presenting a potential threat to driving safety. Consequent...
Accurate paranasal sinus segmentation is essential for reducing surgical complications through surgical guidance systems. This study introduces a multiclass Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) segmentation model by comparing four 3D U-Net variations&m...
A surface urban heat island (SUHI) is a phenomenon whereby temperatures in urban areas are significantly higher than that of surrounding rural and natural areas due to replacing natural and semi-natural areas with impervious surfaces. The phenomenon...
UAVs have been widely used in deformation monitoring because of their high availability and flexibility. However, the quality of UAV images is affected by changing attitude and surveying environments, resulting in a low monitoring accuracy. Cross-sha...
Silicon photonic-based refractive index sensors are of great value in the detection of gases, biological and chemical substances. Among them, microring resonators are the most promising due to their compact size and narrow Lorentzian-shaped spectrum....
The early detection of small cracks in large metal structures is a crucial requirement for the implementation of a structural health monitoring (SHM) system with a low transducers density. This work tackles the challenging problem of the early detect...
The multi-objective optimization (MOO) problem in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) is concerned with optimizing the operation of the WSN across three dimensions: coverage, connectivity, and lifetime. Most works in the literature address only one or tw...
In this study, a novel flexible ethanol gas sensor was created by the deposition of a CoFe2O4 (CFO) thin film on a thin mica substrate using the pulsed laser deposition technique. Transition electron microscopy (TEM) investigations clearly demonstrat...
Droplet transfer frequency is a decisive factor in welding quality and efficiency in gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW). However, there still needs to be a monitoring method for droplet transfer frequency with high precision and good real-time performan...
The landscape of communication environments is undergoing a revolutionary transformation, driven by the relentless evolution of technology and the growing demands of an interconnected world [...]
In biomechanics, movement is typically recorded by tracking the trajectories of anatomical landmarks previously marked using passive instrumentation, which entails several inconveniences. To overcome these disadvantages, researchers are exploring dif...
This paper explores the potential benefits of integrating a brain–computer interface (BCI) utilizing the visual-evoked potential paradigm (SSVEP) with a six-degrees-of-freedom (6-DOF) robotic arm to enhance rehabilitation tools. The SSVEP-BCI e...
Body biomechanics and dental occlusion are related, but this interaction is not fully elucidated. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between body posture and occlusion in patients with and without dental pathology. A cross-secti...
The seafloor E-field signal is extremely weak and difficult to measured, even with a high signal-to-noise ratio. The preamplifier for electrodes is a key technology for ocean-bottom electromagnetic receivers. In this study, a chopper amplifier was pr...
Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) is the modulation technology used in Fourth Generation (4G) and Fifth Generation (5G) wireless communication systems, and it will likely be essential to Sixth Generation (6G) wireless communication sy...
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