Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSSs) are widely used in daily life, and the popularity of GNSS-based applications has triggered concerns about the potential vulnerabilities of GNSS. One of the major threats is the spoofing signal, and localizi...
Recognizing cotton pests and diseases from field-captured images remains challenging due to subtle symptoms, complex backgrounds, high intra-class variation, and considerable variation in symptom scale. This study proposes IFMA-Net, a ResNet-50-based...
Cooperative perception can improve the situational awareness of connected and autonomous vehicles by exchanging complementary sensing information among nearby agents. However, systematic multi-vehicle cooperation also increases vehicle-to-everything...
Terrain-referenced navigation (TRN) relies on nonlinear terrain matching, which can produce multimodal position uncertainty that should be retained during estimation. Accuracy can deteriorate when the relative probabilities of ground and canopy retur...
Mission-critical Internet of Things (MC-IoT) applications, such as remote surgery, autonomous drone swarms, industrial safety monitoring, etc., have ultra-stringent requirements for reliability (99.999%), latency (sub-millisecond) and inter-slice iso...
Flexible Al/ZnO/Al optoelectronic synaptic devices were fabricated on flexible polyimide (PI) substrates using ZnO thin films deposited by atomic layer deposition (ALD) at growth temperatures ranging from 90 to 145 °C. The effects of growth tempe...
Infrared thermal imaging is widely used for industrial fault diagnosis because it enables non-contact measurements and reveals temperature anomalies. However, detector nonuniformity degrades image quality and can affect subsequent analysis. Existing...
(1) Background: A wildfire smoke detector’s practical worth is counted in minutes, not percentage points: an alarm raised ten minutes after ignition is worth far less than one raised at two, whatever the two systems’ frame-level scores su...
Photonic sensing encompasses technologies at markedly different levels of maturity. Fiber-optic sensing systems are already widely deployed in infrastructure, energy, transportation, and industrial monitoring, whereas many integrated biosensors and p...
In situ measurement of deep-sea nitrate concentration is of significant importance for marine environmental monitoring and management. Nitrate sensors based on ultraviolet (UV) spectrophotometry, featuring simple, rapid, and reagent-free detection, a...
Smart cables extend submarine communication infrastructure toward marine environmental sensing and sensing-data backhaul. This paper investigates a multi-core fiber (MCF)-based prototype in which high-speed communication traffic and discrete-sensor d...
Mutual coupling among array receiving antennas in passive detection systems can introduce amplitude and phase inconsistencies between antenna elements. The resulting amplitude and phase errors across receiving channels not only affect the spectral pe...
To address the insufficient discriminative capability of features and the susceptibility to mismatches under noise in conventional geometric-feature-based star identification algorithms, this paper proposes a polygon-based star identification algorit...
With the rapid advancement of network technology and the Internet of Things (IoT), massive, high-dimensional traffic data pose significant challenges to Network Intrusion Detection Systems (NIDS). Existing deep learning methods face two major limitat...
Automatic container-number recognition in land-port yards is challenged by clutter, illumination changes, scale variation, surface wear, and character distortion. This paper proposes a two-stage detection–cropping–recognition framework co...
Carbon capture, utilization and storage (CCUS) is a critical technology for the fossil energy industry to achieve the dual carbon goals. Organic amine-based absorption methods, represented by mono-ethanolamine (MEA), methyl-diethanolamine (MDEA) and...
Automatic sleep stage classification can reduce the burden of manual polysomnographic scoring, but reliable models must account for heterogeneous physiological signals, temporal dependencies, and severe class imbalance. This study presents a dual-str...
Utility tunnels are narrow, repetitive, and GNSS-denied, while reflective infrastructure can create false landmark detections. This paper presents a lightweight observation method for low-cost retroreflective landmarks on inspection robots. The first...
TiO2–carbon nanotube (TiO2–CNT) hybrids are promising gas-sensor platforms because they combine the chemically active and photoresponsive surface of TiO2 with the high conductivity and interfacial sensitivity of CNT networks. Yet cross-st...
Leaf area index (LAI) is an important indicator of canopy development and is widely used for crop diagnosis and field-scale monitoring. We developed a UAV multispectral approach to estimate and map maize LAI in Tumed Right Banner, Inner Mongolia, Chi...
Identifying seated balance control may contribute to estimation of time delay and evaluation of vestibular weighting. However, few practical methods exist for measuring seated body motion or identifying seated balance control. This study aimed to est...
Small defect targets and complex backgrounds in transmission-line inspection images can limit detection accuracy, and existing detection models often incur substantial computational cost. To address these issues, this study proposes a cable defect de...
AUTOSAR Secure Onboard Communication (SecOC) protects in-vehicle messages through authentication, freshness verification, and application-delivery gating, but deployment security also depends on configuration and receiver-state handling. This paper p...
Partial indoor point clouds acquired by light detection and ranging (LiDAR) are frequently affected by occlusion, restricted viewpoints, and non-uniform sampling, making it difficult to recover complete scene geometry while preserving the semantics o...
Instruction-guided image editing can modify semantic attributes while retaining the recognizable identity of the source subject, creating risks of unauthorized identity-based manipulation. Existing protection methods can achieve stronger identity dis...
Future Internet of Things (IoT) systems increasingly rely on multiple sensing modalities to support sensing-intensive tasks such as localization and smart healthcare. However, always collecting all available sensing data can waste energy and communic...
Banking data centers generate heterogeneous IT operational streams from servers, network devices, edge nodes, and business terminals. Existing detectors are vulnerable to asynchronous sampling and unreliable channels, while separate root-cause and la...
Background: Quantifying movement during early mobility interventions is important for evaluating intervention participation and progression in toddlers with Down syndrome (DS), but behavioral video coding is time and labor-intensive. This study estab...
Bolt looseness diagnosis in power transmission towers is complicated by costly state labels and changing acquisition conditions. This study evaluates a reconstruction-assisted semi-supervised conformer using triaxial vibration-derived MFCCs. Labeled...
Event detection on real-time traffic data is crucial for transportation systems, enhancing safety in autonomous systems and the resilience of urban mobility infrastructure. However, the complex, heterogeneous traffic stream data and spatial-temporal...
Biomechanical feedback can improve sports technique, but the 3D motion capturing gold standards typically used to generate such feedback are rarely available in everyday training. This study evaluates how the choice of pose estimation model affects a...
Water accumulation inside wind turbine towers threatens structural integrity and operational safety. This study developed an IoT-based water depth monitoring and automatic drainage system and evaluated the performance of laser (VL53L0X) and ultrasoni...
Rotated object detection in remote sensing imagery requires both semantic understanding and accurate geometric reasoning. Existing geometry-aware detectors commonly introduce geometric information through oriented proposals or decoder queries, making...
Beamforming signal processing based on acoustic microphone arrays is widely used for sound source localization and imaging. However, when investigating sound sources in complex environments, such as cockpit environments or on complex aircraft surface...
To address the challenges in large-scale packaging and printing workshops, where the dense arrangement of electromechanical equipment leads to large-scale scenes and prominent repetitive structures, and where frequent dynamic disturbances impair the...
Field observations indicate that gouge-filled faults can be weakened under dynamic stressing and further trigger earthquakes. Previous studies have qualitatively attributed such fault weakening to elevated pore pressure within fault gouges induced by...
The ultra-high data rate and ultra-reliable low-latency communication (URLLC) requirements of Industry 4.0 and smart factory applications have made the evaluation of Sub-Terahertz (Sub-THz) frequencies, especially the 140 GHz band, in sixth-generatio...
Reliable AI-assisted interpretation of radar-derived micro-Doppler images requires evaluation protocols that separate image-archive regularities from physical generalization. We audited 4849 DIAT-μSAT JPEG spectrograms and evaluated partition sens...
There were errors in the original publication [...]
The journal retracts the article titled “Classification and Recognition of Building Appearance Based on Optimized Gradient-Boosted Decision Tree Algorithm” [...]
As Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) ecosystems expand, life-critical devices become increasingly vulnerable to microarchitectural leakage attacks that enable adversaries to evade conventional digital authentication mechanisms. Exploiting timing and...
Vehicle routing in modern logistics increasingly depends on live sensing: GPS and Internet-of-Things telemetry, roadside perception, and vehicle-to-everything (V2X) data streams change the operational state faster than static route plans can absorb....
Aerial detection requires fine detail for small targets and broad context for large structures. Sampling loss, blur, and noise can weaken detail without changing feature-map resolution, creating a demand–reliability mismatch. We present Physica...
Accurate detection of small and weak defects is essential for ensuring the manufacturing quality and operational reliability of printed circuit boards (PCBs). Existing detectors, however, remain constrained by insufficient fine-grained feature repres...
This study presents an asymmetric cooperative perception-and-control architecture in which a sensor-rich mobile master vehicle performs external perception, state estimation, motion planning, and path-tracking control for sensor-light slave vehicles....
Accurate age estimation and gender classification from facial images remain challenging tasks owing to substantial variations in facial appearance caused by pose, illumination, expression, occlusion, image quality, and age-related morphological chang...
Essential tremor and Parkinson’s tremor are common movement disorders, affecting approximately 7% of adults over 65, increasing with age. Although numerous studies have used keyboard timing, stand-alone sensors, or smartphone sensors to identif...
Sleep-related breathing disorders, particularly the obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, lead to an urgent demand for continuous, comfortable, and accurate monitoring technologies. However, conventional polysomnography is limited by complex procedures,...
Automated anomaly detection is increasingly important in radio spectrum monitoring, where large volumes of continuously generated measurements must be analyzed while anomalous events remain relatively rare. This study investigates reconstruction-base...
Soft actuators capable of flexible motion have been actively studied and developed. Soft actuators that can extend and bend have been developed; however, soft rotary actuators have rarely been reported. In our previous studies, a soft rotary actuator...
