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47 Results Found

  • Article
  • Open Access
30 Citations
4,115 Views
10 Pages

Analysis of Wastewater Generated in Greenhouse Soilless Tomato Cultivation in Central Europe

  • Artur Mielcarek,
  • Joanna Rodziewicz,
  • Wojciech Janczukowicz and
  • Artur Dobrowolski

1 December 2019

Soilless plantations under cover constitute a significant part of horticulture. This study aimed at determining the qualitative composition of wastewater generated from the soilless cultivation of tomato under cover. This is important for managing th...

  • Article
  • Open Access
331 Views
23 Pages

Fermented Kiwifruit By-Product as Experimental Biostimulant for Soilless Mini-Plum Tomato Cultivation

  • Anna Agosti,
  • Alessia Levante,
  • Jasmine Hadj Saadoun,
  • Samreen Nazeer,
  • Lorenzo Del Vecchio,
  • Leandra Leto,
  • Massimiliano Rinaldi,
  • Rohini Dhenge,
  • Martina Cirlini and
  • Benedetta Chiancone
  • + 1 author

26 December 2025

Biostimulants boost plant growth, productivity, and nutrient retention, and can be produced from agri-food waste via microbial fermentation. In this study, undersized and unsold kiwifruits were fermented with Lactiplantibacillus plantarum to produce...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,242 Views
14 Pages

The Influence of the Duration of Exposure to Direct Current on the Treatment Efficiency of Wastewater from Soilless Tomato Cultivation in a Bio-Electrochemical Reactor

  • Artur Mielcarek,
  • Kamil Łukasz Bryszewski,
  • Joanna Rodziewicz,
  • Marian Kwietniewski,
  • Wojciech Janczukowicz,
  • Karolina Kłobukowska and
  • Joanna Struk-Sokołowska

25 November 2023

The management of wastewater from soilless tomato cultivation poses a technological and economic challenge. Given the above, the aim of this study was to determine the treatment efficiency of wastewater from soilless tomato cultivation in a bio-elect...

  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
4,528 Views
15 Pages

Assessment of Water Productivity and Economic Viability of Greenhouse-Grown Tomatoes under Soilless and Soil-Based Cultivations

  • Suliman Ali Al-Khateeb,
  • Faisal Ibrahim Zeineldin,
  • Nagat Ahmed Elmulthum,
  • Khalid Mohammed Al-Barrak,
  • Muhammad Naeem Sattar,
  • Tagelsir Ahmed Mohammad and
  • Akbar S. Mohmand

28 March 2024

Water scarcity has necessitated the adoption of water-saving techniques in both protected and non-protected farming. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of a water-saving soilless cultivation technique and compare it to conventional soil-bas...

  • Article
  • Open Access
12 Citations
3,522 Views
18 Pages

Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Analysis Provides Insights into the Fruit Quality and Yield Improvement in Tomato under Soilless Substrate-Based Cultivation

  • Jinghua Guo,
  • Lingdi Dong,
  • Shyam L. Kandel,
  • Yonggang Jiao,
  • Linqi Shi,
  • Yubo Yang,
  • Ainong Shi and
  • Beiquan Mou

12 April 2022

The effects of soilless substrate-based versus soil cultivation on overall fruit quality and yield in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) were studied using the tomato cv. Zhonghua Lvbao. Experiments for tomato soilless cultivation were carried out under g...

  • Article
  • Open Access
12 Citations
4,476 Views
19 Pages

Parameters of Drainage Waters Collected during Soilless Tomato Cultivation in Mineral and Organic Substrates

  • Jacek Dyśko,
  • Magdalena Szczech,
  • Stanisław Kaniszewski and
  • Waldemar Kowalczyk

20 December 2020

The aim was to determine the suitability of various substrates for application in a closed system of soilless tomato cultivation, based on the potential fitness of drainage waters from these substrates for recirculation. Four substrates were used: ro...

  • Article
  • Open Access
33 Citations
6,702 Views
19 Pages

Soil and Soilless Tomato Cultivation Promote Different Microbial Communities That Provide New Models for Future Crop Interventions

  • Alice Anzalone,
  • Alexandros Mosca,
  • Giulio Dimaria,
  • Daniele Nicotra,
  • Matilde Tessitori,
  • Grete Francesca Privitera,
  • Alfredo Pulvirenti,
  • Cherubino Leonardi and
  • Vittoria Catara

The cultivation of soilless tomato in greenhouses has increased considerably, but little is known about the assembly of the root microbiome compared to plants grown in soil. To obtain such information, we constructed an assay in which we traced the b...

  • Article
  • Open Access
14 Citations
4,934 Views
13 Pages

25 April 2023

Soilless cultivation has increased in China. Like vegetables or ornamental plants, tomatoes can be cultivated in soilless culture systems. Fusarium wilt (FW) is an economic tomato disease. The nature and amount of volatile organic compounds in Tricho...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
2,201 Views
15 Pages

Characteristics of Sludge from the Treatment of Soilless Plant Cultivation Wastewater in a Rotating Electrobiological Disc Contactor (REBDC)

  • Joanna Rodziewicz,
  • Artur Mielcarek,
  • Wojciech Janczukowicz,
  • Jorge Manuel Rodrigues Tavares and
  • Krzysztof Jóźwiakowski

17 January 2023

Due to the high nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations in wastewater from soilless cultivation of tomatoes, the sludge formed during wastewater treatment can be used as a source of nutrients in agriculture. The effect of electrical direct current (DC...

  • Article
  • Open Access
10 Citations
5,549 Views
22 Pages

Evaluation of Sugarcane Agroindustrial Wastes as Substrate in Soilless Cultivation of Tomato (S. lycopersicum Linnaeus): Effect of Substrate Composition on Yield Production

  • Vanessa Natalie Orta-Guzmán,
  • Jorge Aurelio Lois-Correa,
  • Miguel Antonio Domínguez-Crespo,
  • Joel Pineda-Pineda,
  • Aidé Minerva Torres-Huerta,
  • Adela Eugenia Rodríguez-Salazar and
  • Ángeles Iveth Licona-Aguilar

22 January 2021

Traditionally, biochar is generally proposed to substitute Canadian Sphagnum peat moss. Sugarcane bagasse, filter press mud and sugarcane bagasse ash were mixed in different ratios and proposed as an alternative to substitute commercial Sphagnum peat...

  • Article
  • Open Access
11 Citations
5,344 Views
19 Pages

23 March 2022

The global production quantity and the utilisation area harvested for the cultivation of tomatoes have significantly increased in the last three decades. Europe still plays an important role in the production of tomatoes, accounting for 12% of global...

  • Feature Paper
  • Article
  • Open Access
10 Citations
2,390 Views
18 Pages

Salinity Impact on Yield, Quality and Sensory Profile of ‘Pisanello’ Tuscan Local Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) in Closed Soilless Cultivation

  • Fatjon Cela,
  • Giulia Carmassi,
  • Basma Najar,
  • Isabella Taglieri,
  • Chiara Sanmartin,
  • Susanna Cialli,
  • Costanza Ceccanti,
  • Lucia Guidi,
  • Francesca Venturi and
  • Luca Incrocci

Tomatoes are globally renowned for their nutritional value and culinary versatility. However, environmental stresses, particularly salinity, present significant challenges to tomato production, impacting both yield and fruit quality. In light of thes...

  • Feature Paper
  • Article
  • Open Access
11 Citations
10,254 Views
16 Pages

Soilless crop production is spread worldwide. It is a cultivating technique that enhances yield quality and quantity, thus contributing to both food safety and food security. However, in closed-loop soilless crops, the risk of spreading soil-borne pa...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
2,144 Views
18 Pages

Technological Parameters of Rotating Electrochemical and Electrobiological Disk Contactors Depending on the Effluent Quality Requirements

  • Joanna Rodziewicz,
  • Artur Mielcarek,
  • Wojciech Janczukowicz,
  • Kamil Bryszewski,
  • Agata Jabłońska-Trypuć and
  • Urszula Wydro

29 May 2022

Soilless tomato cultivation wastewater, with typically low COD, high concentrations of phosphorus, and oxidized forms of nitrogen, may be effectively treated in a rotating electrochemical disk contactor (RECDC) and in a bioelectrochemical reactor (BE...

  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
3,005 Views
15 Pages

Energy Consumption for Nutrient Removal from High-Nitrate and High-Phosphorus Wastewater in Aerobic and Anaerobic Bioelectrochemical Reactors

  • Joanna Rodziewicz,
  • Artur Mielcarek,
  • Kamil Bryszewski,
  • Wojciech Janczukowicz and
  • Karolina Kłobukowska

2 October 2022

An attempt was undertaken to determine indicators of energy consumption in bio-electro reactors (BERs) i.e., an aerobic rotating electrobiological disc contactor (REBDC) and an anaerobic sequencing batch biofilm reactor (SBBR), during contaminant rem...

  • Proceeding Paper
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,937 Views
4 Pages

Setting Up of a New Local and Ecological Substrate for Tomato Soil-Less Cultivation to Cope with Saline Soils

  • Mohamed Majdoubi,
  • Soumia El Malahi,
  • Redouane Choukr-Allah and
  • Mimoun Mokhtari

Soilless culture is one of the alternative techniques to cope with saline soil. The objective of this study is to identify a new local substrate based on cactus fiber. Three mixtures of cactus fiber and coconut fiber substrates (M0, M1, M2, M3, and C...

  • Article
  • Open Access
167 Views
27 Pages

Effects of Substrate-Based Root Restriction on Tomato Growth, Fruit Quality, Yield, and Microbial Communities in a Simplified Automatic Soilless Cultivation System

  • Yecheng Jin,
  • Siqi Xia,
  • Haili Zhang,
  • Lingyu Wang,
  • Ying Zhou,
  • Jie Zhou,
  • Xiaojian Xia,
  • Nianqiao Shen and
  • Zhenyu Qi

15 January 2026

Root restriction is an agronomic technique that influences plant morphology, physiology, and productivity. This study investigates the effects of root restriction on tomato growth, fruit quality, yield, and rhizosphere microbial communities using thr...

  • Article
  • Open Access
599 Views
18 Pages

Limited Utilization of an External Carbon Source in a Rotating Electro-Biological Disc Contactor (REBDC)

  • Joanna Rodziewicz,
  • Artur Mielcarek,
  • Kamil Bryszewski,
  • Marian Kwietniewski and
  • Wojciech Janczukowicz

29 September 2025

Overdosing an external carbon source can lead to its incomplete utilization. With this in mind, this study aimed to investigate the effect of carbon dosing on nutrient removal in a rotating electro-biological disc contactor (REBDC) treating hydroponi...

  • Article
  • Open Access
12 Citations
3,357 Views
15 Pages

Economic Assessment of Irrigation with Desalinated Seawater in Greenhouse Tomato Production in SE Spain

  • David Martínez-Granados,
  • Patricia Marín-Membrive and
  • Javier Calatrava

18 June 2022

This study assesses the impact of irrigating with desalinated seawater (DSW) on the profitability of greenhouse tomato in south-eastern Spain, comparing different water-quality sources in both traditional sanding cultivation and soilless hydroponic p...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,480 Views
16 Pages

Managing the Nutraceutical and Sensorial Qualities of Pisanello, an Ancient Tomato Landrace, in Soilless Conditions

  • Fatjon Cela,
  • Basma Najar,
  • Isabella Taglieri,
  • Chiara Sanmartin,
  • Giulia Carmassi,
  • Costanza Ceccanti,
  • Luca Incrocci and
  • Francesca Venturi

17 October 2024

Recently, there has been significant consumer demand for traditional tomato varieties due to their favourable organoleptic qualities; however, the cultivation of these ancient varieties is becoming more restricted due to inadequate shelf life and low...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
2,163 Views
18 Pages

Effect of Biochar and Wood Distillate on Vegeto-Productive Performances of Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) Plants, var. Solarino, Grown in Soilless Conditions

  • Anna Agosti,
  • Samreen Nazeer,
  • Lorenzo Del Vecchio,
  • Leandra Leto,
  • Andrea Di Fazio,
  • Jasmine Hadj-Saadoun,
  • Alessia Levante,
  • Massimiliano Rinaldi,
  • Rohini Dhenge and
  • Benedetta Chiancone
  • + 2 authors

19 November 2024

Nowadays, tomato, a commercially important crop, is increasingly cultivated in a soilless cultivation system to counteract climate change. Normally, this system uses cocopeat as a substrate, but its high cost and environmental impact have led to grow...

  • Article
  • Open Access
9 Citations
4,812 Views
18 Pages

Functional, Flavor and Visual Traits of Hydroponically Produced Tomato Fruit in Relation to Substrate, Plant Training System and Harvesting Time

  • Christos Mitsanis,
  • Danai Christina Aktsoglou,
  • Athanasios Koukounaras,
  • Pavlos Tsouvaltzis,
  • Theologos Koufakis,
  • Dimitrios Gerasopoulos and
  • Anastasios S. Siomos

Currently, a great portion of tomatoes is produced by soilless cultivation systems and the substrate selection among the various materials is one of the most important factors affecting yield and quality traits. On the other hand, grafting has been s...

  • Article
  • Open Access
18 Citations
4,785 Views
23 Pages

Biostimulants Enhance the Nutritional Quality of Soilless Greenhouse Tomatoes

  • Hayriye Yildiz Dasgan,
  • Kahraman S. Aksu,
  • Kamran Zikaria and
  • Nazim S. Gruda

15 September 2024

The application of biostimulants in vegetable cultivation has emerged as a promising approach to enhance the nutritional quality of crops, particularly in controlled environment agriculture and soilless culture systems. In this study, we employed a r...

  • Article
  • Open Access
11 Citations
2,364 Views
16 Pages

Root restriction is suitable for horticultural soilless cultivation characterized by high efficiency and quality in the case of high density and low node order pinching. However, little research is available on the mechanism of root restriction impro...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
4,539 Views
16 Pages

Life Cycle Assessment of Tomato Cultivated in an Innovative Soilless System

  • Maria Concetta Pedalà,
  • Marzia Traverso,
  • Simona Prestigiacomo,
  • Antonio Covais and
  • Giovanni Gugliuzza

6 November 2023

The main goal of this study is to present the life cycle assessment results of an innovative closed-loop production system, called an agriponic system, used for producing tomatoes. In the study, this new system is presented, as well as its related en...

  • Article
  • Open Access
13 Citations
5,445 Views
19 Pages

Tomato Plant Microbiota under Conventional and Organic Fertilization Regimes in a Soilless Culture System

  • Carolina N. Resendiz-Nava,
  • Fernando Alonso-Onofre,
  • Hilda V. Silva-Rojas,
  • Angel Rebollar-Alviter,
  • Dulce M. Rivera-Pastrana,
  • Matthew J. Stasiewicz,
  • Gerardo M. Nava and
  • Edmundo M. Mercado-Silva

Tomato is the main vegetable cultivated under soilless culture systems (SCSs); production of organic tomato under SCSs has increased due to consumer demands for healthier and environmentally friendly vegetables. However, organic tomato production und...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
2,242 Views
13 Pages

27 August 2022

Soilless cultivation of vegetables is widely used in production. It is also well accepted that digested slurry is frequently applied as a fertilizer in agricultural production. However, the effect of digested pig slurry on yield and quality of tomato...

  • Article
  • Open Access
20 Citations
8,422 Views
14 Pages

Soilless cultivation is an important alternative to traditional agriculture and facilitates harvest by allowing for the precise control of plant nutrients to maximize the vegetable production of uniform fruits. Nutrient solution concentration is a cr...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
2,527 Views
12 Pages

Genotype-Specific Response to Silicon Supply in Young Tomato and Unripe Melon Plants Grown in a Floating System

  • Annalisa Somma,
  • Onofrio Davide Palmitessa,
  • Massimiliano D’Imperio,
  • Francesco Serio and
  • Pietro Santamaria

Agronomic biofortification of crops is a promising approach for the accumulation of Si in plant organs and can be achieved through the application of Si-containing fertilizers in the nutrient solution (NS) using a soilless technique. In the present r...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,124 Views
13 Pages

Novel Materials as Exogenous Carbon Sources for Denitrifying Biofilters

  • Karolina Kłobukowska,
  • Joanna Rodziewicz,
  • Artur Mielcarek,
  • Kamil Łukasz Bryszewski,
  • Wojciech Janczukowicz,
  • Piotr Bugajski,
  • Krzysztof Jóźwiakowski and
  • Agnieszka Operacz

24 December 2023

The problem of wastewater discharged from facilities for soilless plant cultivation is a worldwide problem. So, there is a strong need to find a simple, maintenance-free technological solution. Such a solution may be the use of biofilters or construc...

  • Review
  • Open Access
114 Citations
43,245 Views
26 Pages

8 February 2023

The increasing demand for food, the lack of natural resources and arable land, and the recent restrictions on energy consumption require an immediate solution in terms of agricultural activities. This paper’s objective was to review hydroponics...

  • Article
  • Open Access
20 Citations
3,831 Views
16 Pages

Optimizing Alternative Substrate for Tomato Production in Arid Zone: Lesson from Growth, Water Relations, Chlorophyll Fluorescence, and Photosynthesis

  • Samir Aydi,
  • Sameh Sassi Aydi,
  • Asma Marsit,
  • Nadia El Abed,
  • Rami Rahmani,
  • Jalloul Bouajila,
  • Othmane Merah and
  • Chedly Abdelly

27 March 2023

Soilless culture is considered the mostpromising, intensive, and sustainable approach with various advantages for plant production in terms of saving water and nutrients. It can provide consumers with sufficient and high-quality food. However, the co...

  • Editorial
  • Open Access
49 Citations
13,566 Views
5 Pages

Greenhouse horticulture is one of the most intensive agricultural systems, with the advantages of environmental parameter control (temperature, light, etc.), higher efficiency of resource utilization (water, fertilizers, etc.) and the use of advanced...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
2,369 Views
18 Pages

Effectiveness of Grafting in Enhancing Salinity Tolerance of Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) Using Novel and Commercial Rootstocks in Soilless Systems

  • Thabit Alqardaeai,
  • Abdulaziz Alharbi,
  • Mekhled Alenazi,
  • Abdulrasoul Alomran,
  • Abdulaziz Alghamdi,
  • Abdullah Obadi,
  • Ahmed Elfeky and
  • Mohamed Osman

10 May 2025

The scarcity of high-quality water in arid regions like Saudi Arabia necessitates saline water use in irrigation. Sustainable techniques, such as grafting and soilless cultivation, enhance crop resilience and optimize resource use, ensuring long-term...

  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
3,503 Views
12 Pages

Subirrigation of Container-Grown Tomato I: Decreased Concentration of the Nutrient Solution Sustains Growth and Yield

  • Juana Cruz García-Santiago,
  • Luis Alonso Valdez-Aguilar,
  • Andrew D. Cartmill,
  • Donita L. Cartmill,
  • Porfirio Juárez-López and
  • Juan Carlos Díaz-Pérez

2 October 2019

Subirrigation of containerized vegetable crops is a promising strategy to increase water and fertilizer use efficiency. However, the nutrient solution may cause salts accumulation in the substrate top layer. The objective of this study was to determi...

  • Article
  • Open Access
12 Citations
4,322 Views
17 Pages

Effects of Nutrient Solution Application Rates on Yield, Quality, and Water–Fertilizer Use Efficiency on Greenhouse Tomatoes Using Grown-in Coir

  • Shengxing Liu,
  • Xiaoman Qiang,
  • Hao Liu,
  • Qisheng Han,
  • Ping Yi,
  • Huifeng Ning,
  • Huanhuan Li,
  • Chunting Wang and
  • Xianbo Zhang

20 March 2024

The yield, quality, and water–fertilizer use efficiency of crops are important parameters for assessing rational water and fertilizer management. For an optimal water and fertilizer system with respect to the nutrient solution irrigation of gre...

  • Article
  • Open Access
18 Citations
3,564 Views
10 Pages

12 January 2020

The study was conducted in a one-stage rotating electrobiological disk contactor (REBDC) and a rotating electrochemical disk contactor (RECDC). Synthetic wastewater with characteristics similar to the wastewater from soil-less cultivation of tomatoes...

  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
3,635 Views
19 Pages

2 September 2020

Electrical conductivity of the growing media or drainage indicates the nutritional conditions in the cultivation system. However, the nutrient uptake phenomenon has not been related well to the soilless culture system. Herein, we report on the design...

  • Review
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,177 Views
17 Pages

14 November 2025

Rhizosphere hypoxia, caused by soil compaction and waterlogging, is a major constraint on agricultural productivity. It severely impairs crop growth and yield by inhibiting root aerobic respiration, disrupting energy metabolism, and altering the rhiz...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,399 Views
14 Pages

In response to environmental challenges facing the agricultural sector, growers are moving toward innovative and sustainable cultivation methods such as the hydroponic production system. This study evaluated the effect of different sources of manure...

  • Review
  • Open Access
23 Citations
4,954 Views
20 Pages

Water Nutrient Management in Soilless Plant Cultivation versus Sustainability

  • Artur Mielcarek,
  • Karolina Kłobukowska,
  • Joanna Rodziewicz,
  • Wojciech Janczukowicz and
  • Kamil Łukasz Bryszewski

22 December 2023

Under-cover soilless cultivation is an important technique of crop production. Due to the lack of contact with soil and precipitation, the root system of crops grown must be provided with water and all necessary nutrients in the form of a solution (n...

  • Article
  • Open Access
23 Citations
6,650 Views
23 Pages

Application of Seaweed Generates Changes in the Substrate and Stimulates the Growth of Tomato Plants

  • Adrian Alejandro Espinosa-Antón,
  • Juan Francisco Zamora-Natera,
  • Patricia Zarazúa-Villaseñor,
  • Fernando Santacruz-Ruvalcaba,
  • Carla Vanessa Sánchez-Hernández,
  • Edith Águila Alcántara,
  • Martha Isabel Torres-Morán,
  • Ana Paulina Velasco-Ramírez and
  • Rosalba Mireya Hernández-Herrera

31 March 2023

Ulva ohnoi is a cosmopolitan green seaweed with commercial potential given the biomass that may be generated. We evaluated the effects of substrate changes induced by U. ohnoi application on the vegetative response of tomato plants under greenhouse c...

  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
3,365 Views
20 Pages

Comparing the Nutritional Needs of Two Solanaceae and One Cucurbitaceae Species Grown Hydroponically under the Same Cropping Conditions

  • Eirini Xaxiri,
  • Evangelos Darivakis,
  • Ioannis Karavidas,
  • Georgia Ntatsi and
  • Dimitrios Savvas

22 October 2023

Switching over to closed-loop soilless culture systems, thus preventing pollution of water resources by nitrates and saving water and fertilizers, requires accurate estimations of the mean nutrient-to-water uptake ratios. To contribute to this object...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,389 Views
20 Pages

The online dynamic collection of irrigation and plant physiological information is crucial for the precise irrigation management of nutrient solutions and efficient crop cultivation in vegetable soilless substrate cultivation facilities. In this stud...

  • Article
  • Open Access
130 Views
15 Pages

Citrus Waste as a Sustainable Amendment for Tomato Soilless Substrates Under Deficit Irrigation

  • Aurora Maio,
  • Tommaso La Malfa,
  • Concetta Condurso,
  • Anthea Miller,
  • Stefania Toscano and
  • Fabio Gresta

23 January 2026

The citrus processing industry generates large amounts of organic residues whose sustainable management is a major environmental challenge. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of incorporating citrus-derived waste (CW) into coconut-coir...

  • Feature Paper
  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
1,291 Views
17 Pages

The Action of Plant Protein Hydrolysates, Plant Extracts and Trichoderma atroviride Modulates the Performance of Cherry Tomato Plants Cultivated in a Soilless System

  • Emanuela Campana,
  • Beppe Benedetto Consentino,
  • Lorena Vultaggio,
  • Pietro Bellitto,
  • Fabiana Mancuso,
  • Gaetano Giuseppe La Placa,
  • Giuseppe Colla,
  • Leo Sabatino,
  • Salvatore La Bella and
  • Michele Ciriello
  • + 1 author

The study and definition of synergistic, additive and antagonistic effects among biostimulants of microbial and nonmicrobial origin represents one of the most interesting prospects for future research. As part of the SO.MI.PR.O.N regional project, we...

  • Article
  • Open Access
11 Citations
2,974 Views
15 Pages

2 March 2024

The world’s population is expected to increase by nearly two billion in the next 30 years; the population will increase from 8 billion to 9.7 billion by 2050 and could peak at 10.4 billion by the mid-2080s. The extreme weather triggered by glob...