Currently, the debate over whether the State’s relationship with religion should be regulated by common law or special law is being reconsidered in somewhat different terms. On the one hand, regardless of the State–religion relationship m...
The specialization of public prosecution offices has been a growing international trend, particularly in addressing complex forms of crime such as corruption, economic crime, and organized crime. Many countries have established specialized prosecutio...
Laws and policies, no matter how well designed, can fail if they are not implemented correctly. This can occur when there is no interaction between policymakers and those who are working on the ground. The purpose of this study was to determine the u...
In this paper, a new approach to find exact solutions is carried out for a generalized unsteady magnetohydrodynamic transport of a rate-type fluid near an unbounded upright plate, which is analyzed for ramped-wall temperature and velocity with consta...
The fundamental change in nocturnal landscapes due to the increasing use of artificial light at night (ALAN) is recognized as being detrimental to the environment and raises important regulatory questions as to whether and how it should be regulated...
The research literature presents divergent opinions regarding the role of dissipation in living systems, with views ranging from it being useless to it being essential for driving life. The implications of universal thermodynamic evolution are often...
Schrödinger’s operator relations combined with Einstein’s special relativistic energy-momentum equation produce the linear Klein–Gordon partial differential equation. Here, we extend both the operator relations and the energy-m...
A thermodynamic process is a solution of the balance equations fulfilling the second law of thermodynamics. This implies restrictions on the constitutive relations. The most general way to exploit these restrictions is the method introduced by Liu. T...
This paper aims to describe and analyze a relativistic engine that uses a permanent magnet and an electrically charged device. This is a novel device that was not described before. According to Newton’s third law, every action is met with an eq...
9 September 2019
Entry to specialist police tactical teams is governed by performance on a physically intense and psychologically demanding selection course. The aim of this study was to determine the attributes associated with completion of a specialist police selec...
This thought piece exposes the gap in the operationalised support in England for young people within the justice system who have special educational needs and disabilities. It exposes inequity within the system which serves to create barriers for jus...
Background: Children with disabilities face complex, systemic health access barriers rooted in societal, institutional, and structural inequities, requiring urgent global policy attention. Publications on access to health services for this population...
In Germany, every child with a life-limiting condition suffering from symptoms that cannot sufficiently be controlled is eligible by law for specialized pediatric palliative home care (SPPHC). It is the aim of this study to describe the demographic a...
(1) Background: In a recent paper discussing Newton’s third law in the framework of special relativity for charged bodies, it was suggested that one can construct a practical relativistic motor provided high enough charge and current densities...
The purpose of this paper is to trace the historical trajectory of special education and how societal perspectives influenced the special education movement. It aims to answer if special education and inclusion have achieved their goals for all indiv...
Over fifty years ago Arthur Eddington wrote [1]: “The second law of thermodynamics holds, I think, the supreme position among the laws of Nature. If someone points out to you that your pet theory of the universe is in disagreement with Maxwell's equa...
This editorial takes the form of a short postscript to a special issue of Laws published in 2019–20. It shows how feminist legal theory (FLT), a corollary of second wave feminism, was initially embraced by law schools but soon subjected to a ba...
The idea for this Special Issue on ‘Human Rights Protection for Migrants’ was born out of a combination of frustration and scepticism in the face of International Human Rights Law’s enduring struggles to extend protections to non-na...
In recent years, our research on biomechanical and biophysical problems has involved a series of symmetry issues. We found that the fundamental laws of the aforementioned problems can all be characterized by fractal operators, and each type of operat...
In this introduction to the special issue of Sustainability on environmental laws and sustainability, we attempt to synthesize key lessons from the issue’s ten substantive articles. These lessons involve the use of law to achieve integrated decision-...
Newton’s third law states that any action is countered by a reaction of equal magnitude but opposite direction. The total force in a system not affected by external forces is, therefore, zero. However, according to the principles of relativity, a sig...
In 1975, the Education for All Handicapped Children Act (renamed the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act in 1990) established the essential obligation of special education law, which is to develop a student’s individualized special education...
The notion of invariance under the Lorentz transformation is fundamental to special relativity and its continuation beyond the speed of light. Theories and solutions with this characteristic are stronger and more powerful than conventional theories o...
Hick’s law describes the time that individuals take to make a preference decision when presented with a set of possible choices. Basically speaking, the law states that decision time is a logarithmic function of the number of choices when the c...
This paper aims to construct conservation laws for a Benjamin–Bona–Mahony equation with variable coefficients, which is a third-order partial differential equation. This equation does not have a Lagrangian and so we transform it to a fourth-order par...
Many natural shapes exhibit surprising symmetry and can be described by the Gielis equation, which has several classical geometric equations (for example, the circle, ellipse and superellipse) as special cases. However, the original Gielis equation c...
Constitutive modeling of sheet metals involves building a system of equations governing the material behavior under multi-axial stress states. In general, these equations require a hardening law that describes the stress-strain relationship. This stu...
In the absence of a new transistor technology to replace CMOS, design specialization has emerged as one of the most immediate options for achieving high-performance computing [...]
A generalization of the time-delayed Burgers–Fisher equation is studied. This partial differential equation appears in many physical and biological problems describing the interaction between reaction, diffusion, and convection. New travelling...
In this paper, the solution to long standing problem of deriving Maxwell’s equations and Lorentz force from first principles, i.e., from Coulomb’s law, is presented. This problem was studied by many authors throughout history but it was n...
A conservation law theorem stated by N. Ibragimov along with its subsequent extensions are shown to be a special case of a standard formula that uses a pair consisting of a symmetry and an adjoint-symmetry to produce a conservation law through a well...
Entropy and the second law of thermodynamics are the central organizing principles of nature, but the ideas and implications of the second law are poorly developed in landscape ecology. The purpose of this Special Issue “Entropy in Landscape Ec...
15 December 2022
Carbon capture, utilization and storage (CCUS) has been applied in many countries and has proven to be a key carbon-reduction technology for the future. China currently emits the most carbon, and prior research findings indicate the high potential of...
With the development of the low-altitude economy, the demand for low-altitude flight missions has steadily increased. However, such flights often encounter special circumstances requiring emergency landings. To address this, a forced landing guidance...
It is generally known that classical point and potential Lie symmetries of differential equations can be different. In a recent paper, we were able to show for a class of nonlinear diffusion equation that the nonclassical potential symmetries possess...
Co-management has been introduced into Special Use Forests (SUFs) of Vietnam for more than 10 years. However, the extent to which Vietnamese laws and policies support co-management remains unclear. This paper reviews existing policies and laws from t...
An investigation has been performed to reveal the breakup mechanism of three-dimensional power-law cylindrical jets with different mode disturbances. It is observed experimentally that the asymmetric mode disturbances could prevail over the counterpa...
Zipf’s law is well known in linguistics: the frequency of a word is inversely proportional to its rank. This is a special case of a more general power law, a common phenomenon in many kinds of real-world statistical data. Here, it is shown that...
In order to reduce the failure accidents caused by the insufficient strength of fracturing string joints, theoretical calculation and string design methods were adopted to conduct finite element calculations on commonly used long circular threads. Th...
In this paper, we consider a nonlinear fractional differential equation. This equation takes the form of the Bernoulli differential equation, where we use the Caputo fractional derivative of non-integer order instead of the first-order derivative. Th...
Emerging technologies and the so-called information and communication technologies (ICT or IT) are transforming society, interpersonal relationships, and our way of understanding the world and, by extension, also law and the legal profession. Emergin...
Thermodynamics problems for the single-phase-lagging (SPL) model have not been much studied. In this paper, the violation of the second law of thermodynamics by the SPL model is studied from two perspectives, which are the negative entropy production...
The first tribunal in Mexico was established in the central state of San Luis Potosi in 1926. The Law Regarding Social Prevention and Juvenile Delinquency for the Federal District and Mexican territories was promulgated in 1928. In 2005, Article 18 o...
Symmetry is a measure of indistinguishability. Similarity is a continuous measure of imperfect symmetry. Lewis' remark that “gain of entropy means loss of information” defines the relationship of entropy and information. Three laws of information the...
Human rights, such as to non-discrimination and freedom of religion, are internationally recognized. In the meantime, the so-called global animal law is becoming more and more important. In this context, religious slaughter is increasingly becoming a...
In the article, the authors present the specificity of the Polish retail electricity market, shaped to a considerable extent by the provisions of European Union law. The main feature of this market is granting special legal protection to individual f...
A new class of regulators on the basis of the second-order sliding mode control is proposed. For the second-order system with smooth disturbances, special feedback is chosen with a discontinuous component and a radical function component. The synthes...
Development of modern technology in microelectronics and power engineering necessitates the creation of effective cooling systems. This is made possible by the use of the special fins technology within the cavity or special heat transfer liquids in o...
Against the backdrop of the COVID-19 outbreak onboard the cruise ship Diamond Princess, both the flag State and the port State should act according to international obligations during the sailing stage, quarantine period after ships’ berthing, and th...
Gas production is expected in radioactive-waste storage structures. This will induce a slow increase in gas pressure, which necessitates the study of gas transfer at a low pressure. In this special case, calculations of the flow through storing mater...
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