32 Results Found

We present the evolution of multispectral optical properties through urban aerosols that have aged and interacted with biogenic emissions, resulting in stronger short wavelength absorption and the formation of moderately brown secondary organic aeros...

Illicit drug production in clandestine laboratories involves the use of large quantities of different chemicals that can be obtained for legitimate purposes. The identification of these chemicals, including reagents, catalyzers and solvents, is cruci...

A compact photoacoustic spectroscopy system integrated with a non-coaxial multi-pass cell was developed for improving the instrument performance in the measurement of methane. The multi-pass cell with compact light spot mode was proposed for concentr...

Photoacoustic imaging integrates the strengths of optics and ultrasound, offering high resolution, depth penetration, and multimodal imaging capabilities. Practical considerations with instrumentation and geometry limit the number of available acoust...

Over the past twenty years, photoacoustics—also called optoacoustics—have been widely investigated and, in particular, extensively applied in biomedical imaging as an emerging modality. Photoacoustic imaging (PAI) detects an ultrasound wa...

Human exhaled breath consists of more than 3000 volatile organic compounds, many of which are relevant biomarkers for various diseases. Although gas chromatography has been the gold standard for volatile organic compound (VOC) detection in exhaled br...

A new instrument for the quantification of light absorption by particles collected on filters has been developed to address long standing environmental questions about light-absorbing particles in air, water, and on snow and ice. The Light Absorption...

A new photoacoustic soot spectrometer (PASS) operating at 880 nm was developed, for the first time, for filter-free measurements of black carbon (BC). The performance of the developed PASS was characterized and evaluated using a reference aethalomete...

Breath analysis, a promising new field of medicine and medical instrumentation, potentially offers noninvasive, real-time, and point-of-care (POC) disease diagnostics and metabolic status monitoring. Numerous breath biomarkers have been detected and...

Nerve agents have recently been used in battlefield operations, espionage wars, and terrorist attacks. These compounds, like some pesticides, cause organophosphate poisoning. The rapid, noncontact detection of a sarin simulant in the liquid phase has...

World health is increasingly threatened by the growing number of spice-related food hazards. Further development of reliable methods for rapid, non-targeted identification of counterfeit ingredients within the supply chain is needed. ENEA has develop...

The cantilever-enhanced photoacoustic spectrometer is a sensitive instrument developed originally for trace gas measurements and has lately been successfully applied for measuring light-absorbing particles, such as aerosols. The finite inertia of aer...

Chitosan, a naturally occurring biopolymer derived from chitin, has emerged as a highly promising instrument for the production and application of metal nanoparticles. The present review delves into the several functions of chitosan in the developmen...

Atherosclerosis is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality, and high-risk atherosclerotic plaques can result in myocardial infarction, stroke, and/or sudden death. Various imaging and sensing techniques (e.g., ultrasound, optical coherence tomogra...

Black carbon (BC) emissions intensify global warming and are linked to adverse health effects. The International Maritime Organization (IMO) considers the impact of BC emissions from international shipping. A prerequisite for the anticipated limits t...

The objective of this study is to design a therapeutic method combining a portable high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) design which is suitable for the laboratory environment and a tailored integrated photo-acoustic imaging (PAI) system for moni...

Typically, multi-single-element photoacoustic computed tomography (PACT) systems utilize numerous ultrasound transducers arranged in cylindrical or hemispherical configurations for detection, combined with a single diffuse light source or multiple sp...

Optical-based sensing techniques and instruments, such as fluorometric systems, absorbance-based sensors, and photoacoustic spectrometers, are important tools for detecting food fraud, adulteration, and contamination for health and environmental purp...

This review explores optical technologies for non-invasive glucose monitoring (NIGM) using aqueous humor (AH) as media, addressing the limitations of traditional invasive methods in diabetes management. It analyzes key techniques such as Raman spectr...

An optical system for gaseous chloroform (CHCl3) detection based on wavelength modulation photoacoustic spectroscopy (WMPAS) is proposed for the first time by using a distributed feedback (DFB) laser with a center wavelength of 1683 nm where chlorofo...

Objective During the induction of gaseous anaesthesia, waste anaesthetic gases (WAGs) can be released into workplace air. Occupational exposure to high levels of halogenated WAGs may lead to adverse health effects; hence, it is important to measure W...

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of the combination of ozone gel and Er:YAG laser treatment in respect of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) for normal procedures. Consequently, the following techniques are compa...

Remarkable advances in Quartz-Enhanced Photoacoustic Spectroscopy (QEPAS) made it one of the most effective gas-sensing techniques in terms of sensitivity and selectivity. Consequently, its range of possible applications is continuously expanding, bu...

Over the last decade, optical fiber-based forms of microscopy and endoscopy have extended the realm of applicability for many imaging modalities. Optical fiber-based imaging modalities permit the use of remote illumination sources and enable flexible...

Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of current conventional and advanced irrigation techniques after minimally invasive instrumentation in necrotic oval root canals by histological analysis. Methods: Seventy extracted necrotic l...

Photoacoustic (PA) imaging has become one of the major imaging methods because of its ability to record structural information and its high spatial resolution in biological tissues. Current commercialized PA imaging instruments are limited to varying...

The review describes the technologies used in the field of breath analysis to diagnose and monitor diabetes mellitus. Currently the diagnosis and monitoring of blood glucose and ketone bodies that are used in clinical studies involve the use of blood...

Two methods were described to estimate interference in the measurements of infrared (IR) photoacoustic multi-gas analyzer (PAMGA). One is IR spectroscopic analysis (IRSA) and the other is mathematical simulation. An Innova 1412 analyzer (AirTech Inst...

Objectives: This study investigates the efficacy of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) using riboflavin and a blue diode laser (BDL), combined with shock wave-enhanced emission photoacoustic streaming (SWEEPS), against Enterococcus faecalis. M...

Purpose: This study aimed to compare the antibacterial effectiveness of passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI), Er,Cr:YSGG laser (WTL), and photon-induced photoacoustic streaming (PIPS) using an Er:YAG laser against Enterococcus faecalis biofilms in the...

Pd nanoparticles (PdNPs) were successfully deposited on the surface of Fe(III)-modified hydroxyapatite (HAp), which was subsequently used as a photocatalyst for simultaneous photocatalytic H2 evolution and xylose conversion. The structural phase and...

Carbonaceous aerosols emitted from biomass burning influence radiative forcing and climate change. Of particular interest are emissions from high-latitude peat burning because amplified climate change makes the large carbon mass stored in these peatl...