Pathological mineralization has been reported countless times in the literature and is a well-known phenomenon in the medical field for its connections to a wide range of diseases, including cancer, cardiovascular, and neurodegenerative diseases. The...
Calcium deposition within soft tissues is a significant pathological process, bearing significant implications for animal and human health. It is classified into four categories, including dystrophic, metastatic, idiopathic, and iatrogenic. It involv...
The present review aims to systematically and critically analyze the current knowledge on phospholipases and their role in physiological and pathological mineralization undertaken by mineralization competent cells. Cellular lipid metabolism plays an...
Tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP) is a key enzyme responsible for skeletal tissue mineralization. It is involved in the dephosphorylation of various physiological substrates, and has vital physiological functions, including extra-skeleta...
Clinical studies revealed detrimental skeletal and vascular effects of the insulin sensitizer rosiglitazone. We have shown earlier that rosiglitazone accelerates osteoblast differentiation from human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSC) at the expense of in...
Bone fragility is a pathological condition caused by altered homeostasis of the mineralized bone mass with deterioration of the microarchitecture of the bone tissue, which results in a reduction of bone strength and an increased risk of fracture, eve...
The aim of the study was to determine the time of mineral growth in human spine ligaments using a mathematical model. The study was based on our previous research in which the physicochemical analysis and computed microtomography measurements of depo...
Bone pathology is frequent in stressed individuals. A comprehensive examination of mechanisms linking life stress, depression and disturbed bone homeostasis is missing. In this translational study, mice exposed to early life stress (MSUS) were examin...
Calcium carbonate is an abundant biomineral that is of great importance in industrial or geological contexts. In recent years, many studies of the precipitation of CaCO3 have shown that amorphous precursors and intermediates are widespread in the bio...
Background/Objectives: This study aimed to establish the regularities of changes in the content of matrix metalloproteinase 8 (MMP-8) and osteoprotegerin (OPG), the most well-known indicators of bone metabolism disorders, in the saliva of children wi...
Background/Objectives: Early studies have suggested that the SARS-CoV-2 virus has a deleterious effect on bone mineral density and may increase the risk of pathological fractures. This study characterized vertebral compression fractures in patients w...
Proximal sesamoid bone (PSB) fracture is the leading cause of fatal musculoskeletal injury in Thoroughbred racehorses in Hong Kong and the US. Efforts are underway to investigate diagnostic modalities that could help identify racehorses at increased...
The term wasting refers to a clinical sign used to describe a physical condition characterized by growth retardation, usually of multifactorial origin. The objective of the present study was to describe for the first time a pathological process chara...
This study aims to examine the relation between visceral adipose tissue (VAT), as a proxy for metabolically unhealthy obesity, muscle, as a proxy for muscle quality and sarcopenia, and bone, as a proxy for bone mineral density and osteoporosis. Other...
In stage IV periodontitis patients with pathologic tooth migration (PTM), interdisciplinary treatment includes regenerative periodontal surgery (RPS) with an application of biomaterials and orthodontic therapy (OT) to restore function, esthetics and...
The mechanisms and conditions under which urinary stones, pathological biominerals in the kidneys and bladder, are formed have not yet been fully clarified. This study aims to understand the role of the system complexity and seven different amino aci...
Various pathological processes in humans are associated with biogenic iron accumulation and the mineralization of iron oxide nanoparticles, especially magnetite. Ferritin has been proposed as a precursor to pathological magnetite mineralization. This...
Magnetite mineralization in human tissue is associated with various pathological processes, especially neurodegenerative disorders. Ferritin’s mineral core is believed to be a precursor of magnetite mineralization. Magnetoferritin (MF) was prepared w...
Mineralization within the orbital ligament (OL) is occasionally observed on canine head computed tomography (CT) examinations, typically without associated clinical signs. This feature has been only briefly mentioned in the veterinary literature. The...
Ectopic calcification refers to the pathological accumulation of calcium ions in soft tissues and is often the result of a dysregulated action or disrupted function of proteins involved in extracellular matrix mineralization. While the mouse has trad...
Mineralized collagen gels have been developed as in vitro models to better understand the mechanisms regulating the calcification process and the behavior of a variety of cell types. The vast majority of data are related to stem cells and to osteobla...
6 August 2024
Calcification refers to the deposition of calcium-containing crystals either intracellularly or within the extracellular matrix. Physiologic calcification is a normal process occurring during bone and tooth development and growth. In contrast, pathol...
Ectopic calcification, or ectopic mineralization, is a pathologic condition in which calcifications develop in soft tissues [...]
Bone is a complex organ maintained by three main cell types: osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and osteocytes. During bone formation, osteoblasts deposit a mineralized organic matrix. Evidence shows that bone cells release extracellular vesicles (EVs): nano-...
Tooth/skeletal dysplasia, such as hypophosphatasia (HPP), has been extensively studied. However, there are few definitive treatments for these diseases owing to the lack of an in vitro disease model. Cells differentiated from patient-derived induced...
The presence of arterial media calcification, a highly complex and multifactorial disease, puts patients at high risk for developing serious cardiovascular consequences and mortality. Despite the numerous insights into the mechanisms underlying this...
Biominerals fulfill various physiological functions in living organisms, however, pathological mineralization can also occur generating mineral pathologies such as the formation of calcium oxalate (CaOx) calculi in the urinary tract. Inspired by the...
14 November 2022
Background: The purpose of this study is to see if exfoliative pulmonary airway pathology in cancer-free coal workers’ pneumoconiosis (CWP) can be used as a biomarker for predicting pulmonary morbidity. Methods: We investigated persistent metap...
Mineralization-competent cells like osteoblasts and chondrocytes release matrix vesicles (MVs) which accumulate Ca2+ and Pi, creating an optimal environment for apatite formation. The mineralization process requires the involvement of proteins, such...
Periodontal disease is an inflammatory disease with high prevalence in adults that leads to destruction of the teeth-supporting tissues. Periodontal therapy has been traditionally directed at reduction of the bacterial load to a level that encourages...
In this study, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Raman spectroscopy and high-resolution atomic force microscopy (AFM) were used to reveal the early-stage change of nanomorphology and nanomechanical properties of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) fibers in a...
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrinopathy that is common among women of reproductive age. It is a heterogeneous disorder with an unknown etiology. Different strategies have been proposed for the treatment of PCOS. Recent studies recommend...
Extraosseous calcification is a pathologic mineralization process occurring in soft connective tissues (e.g., skin, vessels, tendons, and cartilage). It can take place on a genetic basis or as a consequence of acquired chronic diseases. In this last...
Nitric oxide (NO) is a key messenger in physiological and pathological processes in mammals. An excessive NO production is associated with pathological conditions underlying the inflammation response as a trigger. Among others, dental pulp inflammati...
The imbalance between bone resorption and bone formation in favor of resorption results in bone loss and deterioration of bone architecture. Osteoblast differentiation is a sequential event accompanying biogenesis of matrix vesicles and mineralizatio...
This study was conducted to comparatively examine spontaneous healing versus ridge augmentation, in surgically-created dehiscence defects, associated with chronic pathology in dogs. Mandibular second, third and fourth premolars (P2, P3 and P4) were h...
The degree of ossification of the thyroid cartilage in anthropological studies is related to other methods of determining the age of a skeleton. The endochondral ossification process begins at the age of approximately 15–20 years and is general...
Trace minerals play an important role in animal health and productivity. They are involved also in many physiological activities, and their deficiency causes a variety of pathological problems and metabolic defects, reducing consequently the animal p...
Worldwide studies have been done about the toxicity and carcinogenicity of asbestos minerals occurring in ophiolitic rocks. Inhalation of asbestos due to environmental exposure could cause malignant mesothelioma and lung cancers. In particular, the o...
The tooth is made up of three mineralized tissues, enamel, dentin, and cementum, which surround a non-mineralized tissue called the dental pulp. Micro-computed tomography (mCT) is an imaging technology based on X-rays that allows non-invasive visuali...
This investigation reports the mineralogy and possible pathological significance of urinary stones removed from patients in Fars province, Iran. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and polarizing microscope (PM) techniques wer...
Background and Objectives: Vascular calcification (VC) is a major contributor to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), particularly those on hemodialysis. Once considered a passive process, VC is now re...
Background: Aortic valve calcification results from degenerative processes associated with several pathologies. These processes are influenced by age, chronic inflammation, and high concentrations of phosphate ions in the plasma, which contribute to...
Pathological ECM remodelling and biomineralization in human aortic valve and bioprosthesis tissue were investigated by Fourier transformed infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopic imaging and multivariate data analysis. Results of histological von Kossa staini...
Fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) was identified at the turn of the century as the long-sought circulating phosphatonin in human pathology. Since then, several clinical and experimental studies have investigated the metabolism of FGF23 and revealed...
Zebrafish larvae, especially gene-specific mutants and transgenic lines, are increasingly used to study vertebrate skeletal development and human pathologies such as osteoporosis, osteopetrosis and osteoarthritis. Probiotics have been recognized in r...
The association between rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and periodontal disease (PD) has been the focus of numerous investigations driven by their common pathological features. RA is an autoimmune disease characterized by chronic inflammation, the producti...
Vascular calcification (VC) is a pathological event caused by the unusual deposition of minerals in the vascular system, representing the leading cause of cardiovascular mortality in chronic kidney disease (CKD). In CKD, the deregulation of calcium a...
Knowledge of gene expression profiles reflecting functional features and specific responsiveness of parathyroid glands (PTGs) contributes to understanding mineral homeostasis and parathyroid function in healthy and diseased conditions. The study aims...
Spinal fusions are performed to treat congenital skeletal malformations, spondylosis, degenerative disk diseases, and other pathologies of the vertebrae that can be resolved by reducing motion between neighboring vertebrae. Unfortunately, up to 100,0...
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