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1,180 Results Found

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
990 Views
19 Pages

19 April 2025

In the context of rapid advancement of smart cities, a distribution network (DN) serving as the backbone of urban operations is a way to confront multifaceted challenges that demand innovative solutions. Central among these, it is imperative to optim...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
2,403 Views
19 Pages

Advanced Distribution System Optimization: Utilizing Flexible Power Buses and Network Reconfiguration

  • Jesus Clavijo-Camacho,
  • Francisco J. Ruiz-Rodríguez,
  • Reyes Sánchez-Herrera and
  • Alvaro C. Alamo

18 November 2024

The increasing integration of distributed generation (DG) and the rise of microgrids have reshaped the operation of distribution systems, introducing both challenges and opportunities for optimization. This study presents a methodology that combines...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
1,139 Views
18 Pages

Research on an Active Distribution Network Planning Strategy Considering Diversified Flexible Resource Allocation

  • Minglei Jiang,
  • Youqing Xu,
  • Dachi Zhang,
  • Yuanqi Liu,
  • Qiushi Du,
  • Xiaofeng Gao,
  • Shiwei Qi and
  • Hongbo Zou

15 July 2025

When planning distributed intelligent power distribution networks, it is necessary to take into account the interests of various distributed generation (DG) operators and power supply enterprises, thereby diversifying and complicating planning models...

  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
2,900 Views
19 Pages

Autonomous Controller for Flexible Operation of Heat Pumps in Low-Voltage Distribution Network

  • Rakesh Sinha,
  • Birgitte Bak-Jensen and
  • Jayakrishnan Radhakrishna Pillai

18 April 2019

This paper aims to unleash the potential of a heat pump (HP) and its storage system, as a flexible consumer load, in the low-voltage (LV) distribution network by introducing an autonomous controller. Steady-state analysis using DigSILENT Power Factor...

  • Article
  • Open Access
367 Views
19 Pages

5 December 2025

With the rapid increase in the renewable energy penetration rate in distribution networks, the volatility and uncertainty on the power supply side have become prominent; thus, it is urgent to fully utilize the regulation potential of the flexible loa...

  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
2,546 Views
18 Pages

18 July 2019

With the aim of improving the consumption capacity of distributed generation (DG) in the distribution network, the control strategy of the flexible multi-state switch (FMSS) for the maximum consumption of distributed generation is proposed. The princ...

  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
5,705 Views
14 Pages

18 April 2022

Kron reduction is a general tool of network simplification for flow calculation. With a growing number of flexible loads appearing in distribution networks, traditional Kron reduction cannot be widely used in control and scheduling due to the elimina...

  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
1,748 Views
21 Pages

A Fully Decentralized Optimal Dispatch Scheme for an AC–DC Hybrid Distribution Network Formed by Flexible Interconnected Distribution Station Areas

  • Xu Tang,
  • Jingwen Zheng,
  • Zhichun Yang,
  • Xiangling He,
  • Huaidong Min,
  • Sihan Zhou,
  • Kaipei Liu and
  • Liang Qin

20 July 2023

Due to unbalanced load growth among different regions and the increasing integration of distributed generators (DGs), distribution station areas (DSAs) currently face issues such as voltage violations, curtailment of renewable energy generation, and...

  • Article
  • Open Access
779 Views
21 Pages

A Non-Stop Ice-Melting Method for Icing Lines in Distribution Network Based on a Flexible Grounding Device

  • Yabing Zhou,
  • Fang Yang,
  • Jiaxin Xu,
  • Xiaoliang Tang,
  • Jiangyun Wang and
  • Dayi Li

8 April 2025

Icing on transmission lines poses a serious threat to the power grid. Existing de-icing solutions have limitations in short-distance distribution networks with multiple branches. We propose a method that utilizes a flexible grounding device to adjust...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,168 Views
19 Pages

7 March 2025

Due to the integration of distributed photovoltaic (PV) into distribution networks, significant challenges have affected voltage regulation and power quality maintenance. To improve the flexibility and stability of system operation, a synergetic opti...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
2,482 Views
17 Pages

21 October 2024

Configuring energy storage systems (ESSs) in distribution networks is an effective way to alleviate issues induced by intermittent distributed generation such as transformer overloading and line congestion. However, flexibility has not been fully tak...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
2,314 Views
17 Pages

A Distribution Network Planning Method Considering the Distributed Energy Resource Flexibility of Virtual Power Plants

  • Zhichun Yang,
  • Gang Han,
  • Fan Yang,
  • Yu Shen,
  • Yu Liu,
  • Huaidong Min,
  • Zhiqiang Zhou,
  • Bin Zhou,
  • Wei Hu and
  • Yang Lei

30 September 2023

To solve the overload problem caused by the high proportion of renewable energy into the power system, it is particularly important to find a suitable distribution network planning scheme. Existing studies have effectively reduced the planning cost b...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
2,110 Views
16 Pages

8 April 2024

Due to a rising share of renewable energy sources on the production side and electrification of transport and heating on the consumption side, the efficient management of flexibility in distribution networks is crucial for ensuring optimal operation...

  • Feature Paper
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,699 Views
21 Pages

14 September 2020

Active distribution networks (ADNs) provide a flexible platform to integrate various distributed generation sources, among which the intermittent renewable sources impose high operating uncertainty. Topological flexibility of ADNs should be exploited...

  • Article
  • Open Access
31 Citations
2,785 Views
24 Pages

Towards the Flexible Distribution Networks Design Using the Reliability Performance Metric

  • Ilia Shushpanov,
  • Konstantin Suslov,
  • Pavel Ilyushin and
  • Denis N. Sidorov

28 September 2021

At present, the entire world is moving towards digitalization, including in the electric power industry. Digitalization is in its heyday and a lot of articles and reports are devoted to this topic. At the same time, the least digitalized of the elect...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,702 Views
18 Pages

22 July 2025

With the large-scale integration of renewable energy sources, traditional distribution networks are gradually evolving into a new form of flexible interconnection distribution networks. To enhance the rapidity and accuracy of power flow control throu...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
3,497 Views
19 Pages

17 October 2019

The increasing penetration of distributed generation (DG) brings about great fluctuation and uncertainty in distribution networks. In order to improve the ability of distribution networks to cope with disturbances caused by uncertainties and to evalu...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,993 Views
21 Pages

31 March 2023

With distributed generation (DG) being continuously connected into distribution networks, the stochastic and fluctuating nature of its power generation brings ever more problems than before, such as increasing operating costs and frequent voltage vio...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
1,788 Views
17 Pages

9 November 2023

The scaled access of electric vehicles (EVs) exacerbates load fluctuations in distribution networks, which is not conducive to the stable and economic operation of the distribution networks. At present, user satisfaction degree is generally low. To a...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,018 Views
16 Pages

16 January 2025

Multi-port soft open points (SOPs) are effective devices for alleviating issues such as voltage violation and transformer overloading in distribution networks caused by the high penetration of distributed energy resources. This paper proposes a coord...

  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
2,354 Views
24 Pages

Hybrid Combination of Network Restructuring and Optimal Placement of Distributed Generators to Reduce Transmission Loss and Improve Flexibility

  • Ekata Kaushik,
  • Vivek Prakash,
  • Raymond Ghandour,
  • Zaher Al Barakeh,
  • Ahmed Ali,
  • Om Prakash Mahela,
  • Roberto Marcelo Álvarez and
  • Baseem Khan

16 March 2023

A high penetration of renewable energy (RE) in utility grids creates the problems of power system flexibility, high transmission losses, and voltage variations. These problems can be solved using a hybrid combination of transmission network restructu...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,860 Views
18 Pages

Data-Driven Operation of Flexible Distribution Networks with Charging Loads

  • Guorui Wang,
  • Zhenghao Qian,
  • Xinyao Feng,
  • Haowen Ren,
  • Wang Zhou,
  • Jinhe Wang,
  • Haoran Ji and
  • Peng Li

23 May 2023

The high penetration of distributed generators (DGs) and the large-scale charging loads deteriorate the operational status of flexible distribution networks (FDNs). A soft open point (SOP) can deal with operational issues, such as voltage violations...

  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
2,292 Views
19 Pages

Multi-Agent Deep Reinforcement Learning-Based Distributed Voltage Control of Flexible Distribution Networks with Soft Open Points

  • Liang Zhang,
  • Fan Yang,
  • Dawei Yan,
  • Guangchao Qian,
  • Juan Li,
  • Xueya Shi,
  • Jing Xu,
  • Mingjiang Wei,
  • Haoran Ji and
  • Hao Yu

22 October 2024

The increasing number of distributed generators (DGs) leads to the frequent occurrence of voltage violations in distribution networks. The soft open point (SOP) can adjust the transmission power between feeders, leading to the evolution of traditiona...

  • Article
  • Open Access
213 Views
18 Pages

8 January 2026

In recent years, the increasing frequency of extreme weather events, the large-scale integration of distributed generation into distribution networks, and the widespread application of new power electronic devices have posed severe challenges to the...

  • Article
  • Open Access
769 Views
15 Pages

26 June 2025

With the development of modern power systems, AC distribution networks face increasing demands for supply flexibility and reliability. Energy storage-based soft open points (E-SOPs), which integrate energy storage systems into the DC side of traditio...

  • Article
  • Open Access
685 Views
17 Pages

18 September 2025

The increasing uncertainty of distributed energy resources (DERs) challenges the secure and resilient operation of low-voltage distribution networks (LVDNs). Flexible interconnection via power-electronic devices enables controllable links among LVDAs...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,332 Views
18 Pages

Time-Domain Fault Detection and Location Scheme for Flexible DC Distribution Networks

  • Yafei Li,
  • Jie Li,
  • Kejun Qian,
  • Xiuyong Yu and
  • Xinsong Zhang

15 October 2024

Accurately detecting and locating the fault point of the DC line is significant for eliminating the fault and restoring the power supply of the flexible DC distribution network as soon as possible. Firstly, a direction pilot protection scheme for a c...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
404 Views
21 Pages

19 November 2025

The large-scale integration of Distributed Generation (DG) poses significant challenges to the stable operation of distribution networks. It is particularly crucial to explore the power supply restoration capability of Soft Open Points with Energy St...

  • Article
  • Open Access
13 Citations
2,959 Views
20 Pages

Flexible Interconnected Distribution Network with Embedded DC System and Its Dynamic Reconfiguration

  • Huan Cai,
  • Xufeng Yuan,
  • Wei Xiong,
  • Huajun Zheng,
  • Yutao Xu,
  • Yongxiang Cai and
  • Jiumu Zhong

1 August 2022

Flexible interconnection transformation of a distribution network using all-control power electronics technology will help to overcome the technical bottleneck of distributed generation (DG) penetration and high-quality power supply in the traditiona...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
538 Views
25 Pages

Optimal Low-Carbon Economic Dispatch Strategy for Active Distribution Networks with Participation of Multi-Flexible Loads

  • Xu Yao,
  • Kun Zhang,
  • Chenghui Liu,
  • Taipeng Zhu,
  • Fangfang Zhou,
  • Jiezhang Li and
  • Chong Liu

18 September 2025

Optimization dispatch with flexible load participation in new power systems significantly enhances renewable energy accommodation, though the potential of flexible loads remains underexploited. To improve renewable utilization efficiency, promote win...

  • Article
  • Open Access
354 Views
25 Pages

12 December 2025

With increasing penetration of distributed renewable energy sources (RES) in distribution networks, spatiotemporal mismatches arise between static time-of-use (TOU) pricing and real-time carbon emission factors. This misalignment hinders demand-side...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,371 Views
30 Pages

3 February 2025

This study presents a novel sensitivity-driven distributionally robust optimization framework designed to enhance hosting capacity in renewable-powered distribution networks through targeted flexibility resource deployment. The proposed approach inte...

  • Article
  • Open Access
17 Citations
3,216 Views
16 Pages

29 December 2020

Reliability and safety are the most important indicators in the electric system. When a ground fault occurs, the electrical equipment and personnel will be greatly threatened. Due to the zero-sequence voltage/current sensor networks applied in the sy...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,198 Views
16 Pages

15 November 2024

The bidirectional uncertainty of source and load creates scarcity in the reserve resources of the distribution network. Therefore, it is highly significant for the safe and economic operation of the system to harness spare energy storage capacity fro...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,588 Views
19 Pages

31 August 2024

Flexible resources, including district heat networks (DHN) and battery energy storage systems (BESS), can provide flexible regulation capability for distribution networks (DN), thereby increasing the absorption capacity for renewable energy. In order...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,274 Views
18 Pages

19 May 2025

In a modern flexible interconnected distribution network, the dynamic coupling effect between the traditional AC network model and the power electronic converter significantly enhances the nonlinearity and non-convexity of power flow calculations. In...

  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
1,872 Views
20 Pages

Flexible Low-Carbon Optimal Dispatch of Honeycombed Active Distribution Network

  • Feng Xu,
  • Yi Lu,
  • Qunhai Huo,
  • Jingyuan Yin,
  • Peng Qiu and
  • Chao Ding

27 September 2022

Microgrids have a strong ability to generate local power and consume renewable energy, which can solve the problems of power supply shortages and greenhouse gas emissions created in the process of social development. The honeycombed active distributi...

  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
2,208 Views
16 Pages

21 October 2022

Flexible DC distribution networks have a strong capacity for new energy consumption and have received extensive attention from scholars in recent years, but fault location for DC distribution lines is a difficult task. To solve this problem, we propo...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
1,753 Views
26 Pages

9 January 2025

The primary objective when operating a distribution network is to minimize operating costs while taking technical constraints into account. Minimizing the operational costs is difficult when there is a high penetration of renewable resources and vari...

  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
3,592 Views
20 Pages

17 December 2019

With the increasing scale of multi-energy microgrids (MGs) and complicated operation modes, the coordinated operation of microgrids and the distribution network (DN) has posed great challenges. In this paper, a bi-level optimal coordinated dispatch f...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
1,941 Views
19 Pages

23 January 2025

The intelligent soft open point (SOP) has powerful power flow regulation capabilities in the distribution network. If applied to the distribution network, it can flexibly cope with the output uncertainty of unmanageable distributed energy sources. Ho...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
1,157 Views
17 Pages

17 February 2025

To enhance the self-healing control capability of soft open points with energy storage (E-SOPs) and optimize the fault recovery performance in flexible interconnected distribution networks, this paper proposes a novel power supply restoration method...

  • Article
  • Open Access
34 Citations
6,853 Views
27 Pages

Towards Flexible Distribution Systems: Future Adaptive Management Schemes

  • Hannu Laaksonen,
  • Hosna Khajeh,
  • Chethan Parthasarathy,
  • Miadreza Shafie-khah and
  • Nikos Hatziargyriou

20 April 2021

During the ongoing evolution of energy systems toward increasingly flexible, resilient, and digitalized distribution systems, many issues need to be developed. In general, a holistic multi-level systemic view is required on the future enabling techno...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,292 Views
20 Pages

14 October 2023

Based on the scenario of high-penetration distributed photovoltaic connected to an AC/DC distribution network, this paper analyzes the dynamic characteristics of frequency and voltage in a distribution network after the blocking failure of the flexib...

  • Article
  • Open Access
22 Citations
5,882 Views
20 Pages

24 February 2017

To strengthen the integration of the primary and secondary systems, a concept of Cyber Physical Systems (CPS) is introduced to construct a CPS in Power Systems (Power CPS). The most basic work of the Power CPS is to build an integration model which c...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
1,038 Views
21 Pages

23 May 2025

This paper proposes a flexible distribution network operation optimization strategy considering mobile energy storage system (MESS) integration. With the increasing penetration of renewable energy in power systems, its stochastic and intermittent cha...

  • Article
  • Open Access
212 Citations
15,414 Views
19 Pages

Local Flexibility Market Design for Aggregators Providing Multiple Flexibility Services at Distribution Network Level

  • Pol Olivella-Rosell,
  • Pau Lloret-Gallego,
  • Íngrid Munné-Collado,
  • Roberto Villafafila-Robles,
  • Andreas Sumper,
  • Stig Ødegaard Ottessen,
  • Jayaprakash Rajasekharan and
  • Bernt A. Bremdal

2 April 2018

This paper presents a general description of local flexibility markets as a market-based management mechanism for aggregators. The high penetration of distributed energy resources introduces new flexibility services like prosumer or community self-ba...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
681 Views
23 Pages

2 September 2025

The integration of renewable energy into distribution networks has led to voltage violations and increased network losses. Traditional control devices, with slow response, struggle to precisely control power flow in active distribution networks (ADNs...

  • Article
  • Open Access
843 Views
19 Pages

With the widespread integration of distributed energy resources and novel loads, the DC attributes of distribution networks are becoming increasingly pronounced. Multi-terminal flexible DC distribution networks have emerged as a trend for future dist...

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