The agenesis of the corpus callosum results from a failure in the development of the largest fiber bundle that connects cerebral hemispheres. Patient’s outcome is influenced by etiology and associated central nervous system malformations. We describe...
Central nervous system (CNS) involvement in childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (cSLE) occurs in more than 50% of patients. Structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has identified global cerebral atrophy, as well as the involvement of the...
Background: Gliomas infiltrating the corpus callosum (G-I-CC) majorly impact patient quality-of-life, but maximally safe tumor resection is challenging. We systematically reviewed the literature on G-I-CC. Methods: PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Scie...
Brain hemispheres are connected by commissural structures, which consist of white matter fiber tracts that spread excitatory stimuli to various regions of the cortex. This allows an interaction between the two cerebral halves. The largest commissure...
This case describes a rare presentation of hypodipsia in a 7-month-old female Labrador Retriever, attributed to congenital corpus callosum dysplasia and holoprosencephaly. Chronic hypernatremia in the patient was consistently associated with severe h...
Objective: We aimed to compare the forebrain length, corpus callosum sub-segment thickness, corpus callosum area, and corpus callosum index in the cerebral magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of schizophrenia patients and healthy individuals. Materials...
Hydrocephalus is a neurological disorder caused by cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) accumulation due to impaired production, circulation, or reabsorption from trauma, neurocysticercosis, neoplasms, subarachnoid hemorrhage, or genetic mutations. This review...
One of the most fundamental, and most studied, human cognitive functions is working memory. Yet, it is currently unknown how working memory is unified. In other words, why does a healthy human brain have one integrated capacity of working memory, rat...
Introduction: The corpus callosum is one of the five main cerebral commissures. It is key to combining sensory and motor functions. Its structure can be pathological (dysgenesis) or completely absent (agenesis). The corpus callosum dys- or agenesis i...
Trisomy 8 mosaicism syndrome (T8MS) or “Warkany’s syndrome 2” is a rare chromosomal disorder characterized by three copies of chromosome 8 in some cells of the body. T8MS incidence in the world population is about 1/25,000–50,...
The corpus callosum (CC) is the largest interhemispheric commissure of the mammalian brain, and it includes axons, cortical neurons, and glial cells. It is mainly composed of myelin, a lipidic sheath which is produced by glial cell membranes; myelin...
Mutations in the tubulin-specific chaperon D (TBCD) gene, involved in the assembly and disassembly of the α/β-tubulin heterodimers, have been reported in early-onset progressive neurodevelopment regression, with epilepsy and mental retarda...
Background and Clinical Significance: The term “boomerang sign” refers to a boomerang-shaped area of cytotoxic edema in the splenium of the corpus callosum. It is seen as hyperintense lesions on T2-weighted images, FLAIR and DWI in MRI. N...
Background: Cytotoxic lesions of the corpus callosum (CLOCCs) are a rare disorder of various etiologies referred to as transient lesions of the splenium of the corpus callosum, with a usually mild clinical course. Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) is on...
Cytotoxic lesions of the corpus callosum (CLOCCs) have broad differential diagnoses. Differentiating these lesions from lesions of vascular etiology is of high clinical significance. We compared the clinical and radiological characteristics and outco...
Tuberculous meningitis (TBM) is the most severe form of tuberculosis, disproportionately affecting vulnerable populations such as young children and people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Major challenges to accurate and early diagnos...
This study compared the metabolites in the brain regions of hippocampus and corpus callosum between patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and healthy controls using no-radiation and high-sensitivity magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) with...
Incontinentia pigmenti (IP) is a rare skin disease combined with anomalies of the teeth, eyes, and central nervous system (CNS). Mutations of the IKBKG gene are responsible for IP. Among the most frequent CNS abnormalities found in IP using magnetic...
We studied a family in which the first-born child, a girl, had developmental delay, facial dysmorphism, and agenesis of the corpus callosum (ACC). The subsequent pregnancy was interrupted as the fetus was found to be also affected by ACC. Both cases...
Background/Objectives: High-grade gliomas (HGGs), including glioblastomas, are among the most aggressive brain tumors due to their high intratumoral heterogeneity and extensive infiltration. Glioma stem-like cells (GSCs) frequently invade along white...
Williams-Beuren syndrome (WBS) is caused by microdeletions of 28 genes and is characterized by cognitive disorder and hypotrophic corpus callosum (CC). Nsun5 gene, which encodes cytosine-5 RNA methyltransferase, is located in the deletion loci of WBS...
Identical twin brothers developed mild encephalopathy at the age of 7.0 and 9.7 years (Patient 1) and 10.7 years (Patient 2). Patient 1 had influenza A at the time of his second episode, but triggering agents were not evident at the first episode. Th...
NONO (Non-Pou Domain-Containing Octamer-Binding Protein) gene maps on chromosome Xq13.1 and hemizygous loss-of-function nucleotide variants are associated with an emerging syndromic form of intellectual developmental disorder (MRXS34; MIM #300967), c...
This study explores novel metaphor comprehension in a 7.2-year-old child (conventionally called RJ) with complete and isolated agenesis of the corpus callosum (ACC). RJ’s cognitive level was adequate for his age as well as most of his linguisti...
Aquaporin-4 (AQP4) expression is associated with the development of congenital hydrocephalus due to its structural role in the ependymal membrane. Gene expression analysis of periaqueductal tissue in AQP4-knockout (KO) mice at 11 days of age (P11) sh...
Agenesis of the Corpus Callosum (ACC) can result in multiple neurological deficits including social and behavioural issues. However, the underlying aetiology, clinical co-morbidity and the contributing risk factors remain elusive, resulting in inaccu...
Stroke is one of the leading causes of death and long-term disabilities worldwide, resulting in a debilitating condition occasioned by disturbances in the cerebral vasculature. Primary damage due to metabolic collapse is a quick outcome following str...
Accurate 3D computer models of the brain, and also of parts of its structure such as the corpus callosum (CC) are increasingly used in routine clinical diagnostics. This study presents comparative research to assess the utility and performance of thr...
Deficit syndrome (DS) is a subtype of schizophrenia characterized by primary persistent negative symptoms. The corpus callosum (CC) appears to be related to psychopathology in schizophrenia. This study assessed white matter integrity in the CC using...
Sialic acid (SA) is a key component of gangliosides and neural cell adhesion molecules important during neurodevelopment. Human milk contains SA in the form of sialyllactose (SL) an abundant oligosaccharide. To better understand the potential role of...
The present study was designed to establish the contribution of the corpus callosum (CC) to the cortical representation of unilateral taste stimuli in the human primary gustatory area (GI). Unilateral taste stimulation of the tongue was applied to ei...
The mental rotation (MR) is an abstract mental operation thanks to which a person imagines rotating an object or a body part to place it in an other position. The ability to perform MR was belived to belong to the right hemisphere for objects, and to...
As the use of magnetic resonance imaging of the fetal brain has evolved, the need to understand its efficiency in the biometry of the fetal brain has broadened. This study aimed to assess the level of agreement and correlation between the two cardina...
Objective: Schizophrenia is a complex functionally debilitating neurodevelopmental disorder, with associated social cognitive impairment. Corpus Callosum (CC) white matter tracts deficits are reported for people with schizophrenia; however, few studi...
Background/Objectives: Little is known about the advantages of Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) when evaluating the fetal corpus callosum (CC), a sensitive indicator for normal brain development. This study evaluates the contribution of DTI compared to...
There is a paucity of reports examining the relationship between the integrity of the corpus callosum (CC) and different aspects of cognitive functioning in patients with first-episode (FES) and chronic schizophrenia (CS) simultaneously; furthermore,...
The cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD) is one of the main causes of vascular and mixed cognitive impairment (CI), and it is associated, in particular, with brain ageing. An understanding of structural tissue changes in an intact cerebral white matt...
CHARGE syndrome is a rare congenital disorder frequently caused by mutations in the chromodomain helicase DNA-binding protein-7 CHD7. Here, we developed and systematically characterized two genetic mouse models with identical, heterozygous loss-of-fu...
Background/Objectives: Cerebral arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are rare but complex vascular anomalies, particularly challenging when located in eloquent regions such as the corpus callosum and post-central gyrus. This report aims to highlight th...
Large-scale imaging studies often face challenges stemming from heterogeneity arising from differences in geographic location, instrumental setups, image acquisition protocols, study design, and latent variables that remain undisclosed. While numerou...
Congenital Zika syndrome (CZS) is a set of birth defects caused by Zika virus (ZIKV) infection during pregnancy. Microcephaly is its main feature, but other brain abnormalities are found in CZS patients, such as ventriculomegaly, brain calcifications...
Recent work has established that glutamatergic synaptic activity induces transient sodium elevations in grey matter astrocytes by stimulating glutamate transporter 1 (GLT-1) and glutamate-aspartate transporter (GLAST). Glial sodium transients have di...
This study examines whether white matter integrity mediates the link between psychological stress and skin aging. This cross-sectional study included 92 healthy Japanese adults (aged 22–62 years) who underwent diffusion tensor imaging to obtain...
We present a case of a woman who reported to the emergency unit due to recurrent episodes of severe headache and collapse. MRI examination revealed no relevant findings apart from small meningioma of the right parietal region. The patient was diagnos...
Cortical development in humans is a long and ongoing process that continuously modifies the neural circuitry into adolescence. This is well represented by the dynamic maturation of the corpus callosum, the largest white matter tract in the brain. Cal...
Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is an MRI analysis method that could help assess cognitive impairment (CI) in the ageing population more accurately. In this research, we evaluated fractional anisotropy (FA) of whole brain (WB) and corpus callosum (CC)...
The study aimed to assess central nervous systems in children diagnosed with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD), using the techniques of magnetic resonance (MRI). The analyses considered 200 children, both female and male, aged 6–17 years,...
10 August 2022
The corpus callosum plays a vital role in brain function. In particular, in the trunk of the corpus callosum, in the course of various diseases, there may be temporary, reversible changes (reversible splenial lesion syndrome (RESLES)), as well as par...
Background/Objectives: Joubert syndrome (JS, MIM 213300) is a rare genetic condition characterized by respiratory control disturbances, abnormal eye movements, ataxia, cognitive impairment, and the notable agenesis of the cerebellar vermis. The molar...
Early cognitive impairment (CI) detection is crucial in multiple sclerosis (MS). However, it can progress silently regardless of relapse activity and reach an advanced stage. We aimed to determine whether the corpus callosum area (CCA) is a sensitive...
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