Processes, Volume 9, Issue 2

Solvent extraction is one of the common methods for the recovery of boric acid (or boron) from aqueous solutions. A wide variety of different compounds including monohydric alcohols has been tested, and there is wide recognition that they are rather...

Solid-state fermentation requires the development of more efficient cultivation systems for its industrial application. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of aeration regime on the production of biomass and several lignocellulolyti...

This article introduces a novel laboratory-scale process for the electrochemical synthesis of hydrogen peroxide (H${}_2$O${}_2$). The process aims at an energy-efficient, decentralized production, and a mathematical optimization of it is presented. A dynamic,...

Praseodymium (Pr)-promoted MCM-41 catalyst was investigated for the catalytic decomposition of methyl mercaptan (CH₃SH). Various characterization techniques, such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), N₂ adsorption–desorption, temperature-programmed desorption...

A comparative study of two corn nixtamalization processes is presented, one in the traditional way of the Michoacan region of Mexico, and the other using solar devices. The corn selected for the process was a nontransgenic endemic dark corn. For the...

Steelmaking based on direct reduced iron (DRI, and its compacted derivative hot briquetted iron, HBI) is an anticipated important global alternative to current steel production based on FeO_x reduction in blast furnaces due to its lower specific CO₂ e...

In order to improve the structural stiffness of the gravure cell structure in the solid printing process and realize a lightweight design, a multi-objective optimization design method was proposed to optimize the parameters of the direct laser engrav...

Recent national government policy in Ireland proposes a radical transformation of the energy sector and a large reduction in CO₂ emissions by 2050. Water and energy form the water–energy nexus, with water being an essential component in energy produc...

The “European Union Training Network for Resource Recovery Through Enhanced Landfill Mining (NEW-MINE)” was a European research project conducted between 2016 and 2020 to investigate the exploration of and resource recovery from landfills as well as...

An absorption air-conditioning system is a good choice for green buildings. It has the superiority in the utilization of renewable energy and the refrigerant is environment-friendly. However, the performance of the traditional absorption system has b...

Pesticide by-products found in soil are usually more toxic and persistent than the pesticides themselves. For example, Endosulfan lactone (EL) (a by-product of the organochloride pesticide endosulfan). EL is created by the enzymatic activity (and rel...

Oxygen plasma micro-nanostructured poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) slides were modified through silver microparticle deposition to create microarray substrates that enhance the emitted fluorescence intensity. Silver deposition relied on a commercial...

This study aimed to improve the adsorption capacity of activated carbon (AC) towards naphthalene (NAP) in aqueous solutions. Starch-based AC (SAC) and pulverized coal-based AC (PCAC) were prepared in a one-pot procedure by activation with oleic acid...

Various control approaches for building thermal controls have been studied to improve the energy use which determines a large part of the spatial thermal quality. This research compares the performance of deterministic models and a network-based mode...

Wind energy is a clean energy source and is receiving widespread attention. Improving the operating efficiency and economic benefits of wind power generation systems depends on more accurate short-term wind speed predictions. In this study, a new hyb...

Carbon dots have gained tremendous interest attributable to their unique features. Two approaches are involved in the fabrication of quantum dots (Top-down and Bottom-up). Most of the synthesis methods are usually multistep, required harsh conditions...

This article presents a method based on linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) for designing a modular feedback control law, whose synthesis guarantees the system stability, while switching to different network topologies. Such stability is achieved by me...

A new roasting process with a conveying bed was constructed and used to remove sulfur of high-sulfur bauxite. Roasting temperature, phase transformation, microcrystal, specific surface area of high-sulfur bauxite, and the mechanism of the reaction du...

Arsenic contamination of groundwater is still a global problem due to the toxicity at low dose on human health confirmed by epidemiological studies. Magnetic xerogel monoliths (MXs) were synthesized by the sol-gel polymerization using resorcinol, for...

Lipophilicity is one of the most important parameters determining the pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties, as well as the toxicity of many compounds. The subject of the research was to determine the lipophilicity of betulin-1,4-quinone hyb...

Despite the significant progress in anticancer drug development over recent years, there is a vital need for newer agents with unique, but still effective, mechanisms of action in order to treat the disease, particularly the highly aggressive and dru...

In the process of butadiene rubber production, internal leakage occurs in heat exchangers due to excessive pressure difference. It leads to the considerable flow of organic matters into the circulating water system. Since these organic matters are vo...

There are several approaches to treat ocular diseases, which can be invasive or non-invasive. Within the non-invasive, new pharmaceutical strategies based on nanotechnology and mucoadhesive polymers are emerging methodologies, which aim to reach an e...

Plasma protein binding plays a critical role in drug therapy, being a key part in the characterization of any compound. Among other methods, this process is largely studied by ultrafiltration based on its advantages. However, the method also has some...

The paper analyzes issues related to production processes in learning organizations using innovative solutions based on the Industry 4.0 paradigm. This study was realized by surveys and observation of companies operating in the energy and food sector...

In a tropical rainforest environment, different storage strategies are often adopted in the preservation of primary processed food crops, such as maize, sorghum, etc., after drying and dehulling to increase shelf-life. For breadfruit seeds (Treculia ...

The study of human protoporphyrinogen oxidase (hPPO) inhibition can contribute significantly to a better understanding of some pathogeneses (e.g., porphyria, herbicide exposure) and the development of anticancer agents. Therefore, we prepared new pot...

Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) is a newly developed green solvent with low cost, easy preparation and regeneration. Because of its excellent solubility and swelling effect in lignocellulose, it has received widespread attention and recognition. In thi...

In this study, a wavy microchannel heat sink with grooves using water as the working fluid is proposed for application to cooling microprocessors. The geometry of the heat sink was optimized to improve heat transfer and pressure loss simultaneously....

Aerobic granular sludge (AGS) with oversized diameter commonly affects its stability and pollutant removal. In order to effectively restrict the particle size of AGS, a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) with a spiny aeration device was put forward. A co...

A critical review on the synthesis, characterization, and modeling of polymer grafting is presented. Although the motivation stemmed from grafting synthetic polymers onto lignocellulosic biopolymers, a comprehensive overview is also provided on the c...

Gold nanoparticles (GNP) aided hyperthermia has demonstrated promising results in the treatment of cancer. However, most existing investigations focus only on the extinction spectra of GNP solutions, few reported the actual heat generation capability...

This study reports on the optimization of the operating conditions using response surface methodology and a comparative study of three promising technologies of cell disruption (bead milling, microwaves and ultrasound) to increase the lipid extractio...

In recent years, carbon cap-and-trade has been promoted by many national governments aiming to limit, or cap, total carbon dioxide emissions. Such a mechanism impacts manufacturers’ remanufacturing decisions, as it increases the cost of carbon emissi...

The current research investigated the potential environmental risk of the polycyclic musk compounds, Galaxolide^® (HHCB) and Tonalide^® (AHTN), in the marine environments. These substances are lipophilic, bioaccumulated, and potentially biomagnified in...

Brassica oleracea var. capitata L. (white cabbage) is a valuable vegetable with diverse nutraceutical benefit. Present study aimed to investigate the preventive effects of B. oleracea extract (BOE) standardized by vitamin U on indomethacin (IND)-indu...

A great emphasis is placed on searching for efficient sources to produce renewable fuels due to the actual trends in avoiding the use of fossil resources to mitigate the environment’s deterioration. Thus, the use of waste from the food or wood indust...

More than 1.2 billion kW wind and solar power generation will be integrated in China by 2030. The new provincial renewable portfolio standard, officially implemented in 2020, establishes an efficient bridge between rapid capacity growth and limited a...

Nontuberculous mycobacteria, like other opportunistic premise plumbing pathogens, produce resistant biofilms on various surfaces in the plumbing system including pipes, tanks, and fittings. Since standard methods of water disinfection are ineffective...

For the sour water strippers in petroleum refinery plants, three prediction models were developed first, including the estimators of sour water feed concentrations using convenient online measurements, the minimum reboiler duty and the corresponding...

The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of biomass micronization on energy production using a converted aircraft turbine AI-20. The test system was constructed in such a way to ensure continuous operation for a given period of time and...

An innovative enzymatic polycondensation of dicarboxylic acids and dialcohols in aqueous polymerization media using free and immobilized lipases was developed. Various parameters (type of lipases, temperature, pH, stirring type and rate, and monomer...

Brewer’s spent grain (BSG) is the main by-product of the beer brewing process. It has a huge potential as a feedstock for bio-based manufacturing processes to produce high-value bio-products, biofuels, and platform chemicals. For the valorisation of...

Enzymatic biodiesel production has attracted tremendous interest due to its well-recognized advantages. However, high enzyme costs limit the application of enzymatic processes in industrial production. In the past decade, great improvements have been...

The enormous library of pharmaceutical compounds presents endless research avenues. However, several factors limit the therapeutic potential of these drugs, such as drug resistance, stability, off-target toxicity, and inadequate delivery to the site...

Food by-products contain a remarkable source of bioactive molecules with many benefits for humans; therefore, their exploitation can be an excellent opportunity for the food sector. Moreover, the revalorization of these by-products to produce value-a...

This study is about the manufacturing of a personified automatic robotic lawn mower with image recognition. The system structure is that the platform above the crawler tracks is combined with the lawn mower, steering motor, slide rail, and webcam to...

Moisture content is the most relevant quality parameter for wood fuels. Effective and fast determination of moisture of incoming feedstock is essential in the management of bioenergy facilities. The availability of fast and reliable moisture meters b...

Simulated moving bed reactor (SMBR), a multicolumn multifunctional integrated reactor system, which can be exploited with on-site adsorptive separation to enhance conversion of equilibrium-limited reversible chemical reaction. In this article, for ge...

Most of the parallel rewriting systems which model (or which are inspired by) natural/artificial phenomena consider fixed, a priori defined sets of string/multiset rewriting rules whose definitions do not change during the computation. Here we modify...