Skip to Content

Future Internet, Volume 18, Issue 6

2026 June - 59 articles

Cover Story: Contemporary vulnerability management relies on CVSS and EPSS, both of which evaluate CVE entries in isolation, disregarding network topology. This research presents the Dynamic Security Resistance Distance (DSRD) framework, which parses Docker Compose, GNS3, and Containerlab files into weighted attack graphs where edge conductance reflects EPSS exploitability. Version-aware filtering matches CVEs against software versions in image tags, reducing version-irrelevant CVE matches by up to 97%. Kirchhoff effective resistance yields a structural compromise affinity guaranteed not to increase upon patching. Four algorithms rank vulnerabilities in terms of structural impact on network-wide risk. Evaluation on nine representative topologies shows that graph-aware prioritization reduces structural risk more effectively than EPSS-only ordering. View this paper
  • Issues are regarded as officially published after their release is announced to the table of contents alert mailing list .
  • You may sign up for email alerts to receive table of contents of newly released issues.
  • PDF is the official format for papers published in both, html and pdf forms. To view the papers in pdf format, click on the "PDF Full-text" link, and use the free Adobe Reader to open them.

Articles (59)

  • Article
  • Open Access
919 Views
26 Pages

A Multi-Seed Analysis of Adversarial Vulnerability in BiLSTM Continuous Authentication

  • Ahmed Mahfouz,
  • Mohammed Abdulla Salim Al Husaini,
  • Alaa A. K. Ismaeel and
  • Yousuf Al Husaini

A single user-invariant tensor, kinematically impossible for any human finger to produce, bypasses bidirectional long short-term memory (BiLSTM) continuous-authentication defenders with numerically identical structure across four independently traine...

(This article belongs to the Section Cybersecurity)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,217 Views
18 Pages

The growing worldwide prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus highlights the urgent need for effective early detection methods to enable prompt intervention. This study develops a machine learning-based decision-support prototype for predicting diabetes risk...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Future Internet of Medical Things, 3rd Edition)
  • Article
  • Open Access
917 Views
33 Pages

RiDTwin: XR-First Operator Support and Maintenance for Textile Manufacturing with AR, VR and an Intelligent Virtual Assistant

  • André Costa,
  • João Miranda,
  • João Mirra,
  • Nuno Dinis,
  • Luís Romero and
  • Pedro Miguel Faria

This article presents an integrated approach that combines Virtual Reality (VR), Augmented Reality (AR), and an Intelligent Virtual Assistant (IVA) to support training, on-the-job assistance, and maintenance in a textile manufacturing environment. Th...

  • Article
  • Open Access
996 Views
24 Pages

Manual compliance auditing in cloud environments consumes up to 40% of IT security budgets annually, yet existing approaches verify control presence rather than effectiveness, leaving institutions vulnerable to adversarial evasion. This paper present...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning for Cybersecurity)
  • Article
  • Open Access
595 Views
24 Pages

A Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) approach is widely used as a key element for intelligent assistants. However, the knowledge extraction stage from technical text corpora is fraught with difficulties due to the presence of highly specialized ter...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
656 Views
27 Pages

In the digital twin (DT) network, effective edge data processing is essential to meet the real-time requirements of DT models. However, edge servers (ESs) are self-interested and have limited computation resources. The virtual content operator (VCO)...

(This article belongs to the Topic Next-Generation IoT and Smart Systems for Communication and Sensing)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1,525 Views
30 Pages

Development and Experimental Validation of an Educational Robotic Platform with Machine Vision and Web-Based Monitoring for Automation Teaching

  • Elizabeth Salazar-Jácome,
  • Jean Ruiz-Espinoza,
  • Wilson Sánchez-Ocaña,
  • Javier De la Torre-Guzmán,
  • Félix Chávez-Jácome and
  • Mario Pérez-Cargua

The development of accessible and experimentally validated robotic systems for engineering education is a challenge, especially in academic environments where industrial manipulators are economically inaccessible. This paper presents the design, mech...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mobile Robotics and Autonomous System)
  • Review
  • Open Access
4 Citations
18,149 Views
61 Pages

The proliferation of large language model (LLM) agents has enabled increasingly complex multi-step automation; however, composing multiple agents into coherent systems introduces significant orchestration challenges that remain poorly documented. Thi...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Generative Artificial Intelligence: Systems, Technologies and Applications)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
928 Views
16 Pages

An Edge Artificial Intelligence Framework for IoMT-Enabled Remote Health Monitoring and Clinical Information Retrieval

  • Pir Noman Ahmad,
  • Muhammad Shahid Anwar,
  • Igor Heberto Barahona,
  • Atta Ur Rahman,
  • Haseeb Nisar and
  • Umama Burhan

Intelligent sensors and Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) platforms are rapidly changing smart healthcare by enabling continuous capture of physiological, behavioral, and clinical events outside conventional hospital settings. Yet the value of connec...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Intelligent Sensor and Internet of Medical Things for Smart Healthcare)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1,205 Views
26 Pages

SYN flooding attacks remain a persistent threat to network availability, particularly in Distributed Denial-of-Service (DDoS) scenarios that exploit the TCP three-way handshake. Traditional SYN cookies mitigate half-open connection exhaustion but may...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Security of Computer System and Network)
  • Article
  • Open Access
906 Views
28 Pages

Faculty governance in higher education depends on transparent participation, reliable quorum enforcement, accountable record keeping, and strict alignment with institutional regulations. Conventional departmental council processes provide formal auth...

  • Article
  • Open Access
439 Views
37 Pages

Digital trust in online interactions is commonly established through mechanisms such as decentralized identifiers (DIDs), verifiable credentials (VCs), and digital wallets. While these technologies support the correctness of individual components, th...

(This article belongs to the Section Cybersecurity)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1,119 Views
26 Pages

Experimental Evaluation and Performance Analysis of 5G NSA Networks

  • Vasileios D. Batsios,
  • Spiridoula V. Margariti,
  • Constantinos T. Angelis and
  • Eleftherios Stergiou

5G technology was introduced in 2019 with the aim of transforming digital connectivity, enabling a new generation of communication capabilities, such as significantly faster mobile broadband, highly reliable low-latency links, and the capacity to sup...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue 5G/6G and Beyond: The Future of Wireless Communications Systems)
  • Review
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,487 Views
37 Pages

Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) communication is a critical enabler of autonomous driving, supporting real-time information exchange among vehicles, roadside infrastructure, pedestrians, and cloud services. However, the security of current V2X systems la...

(This article belongs to the Section Internet of Things)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,076 Views
25 Pages

Enhancing Respiratory Disease Diagnosis with AI Lung Sound Analysis: A Web-Based Approach

  • Reshma Sreejith,
  • R. Kanesaraj Ramasamy,
  • Wan-Noorshahida Mohd-Isa and
  • Junaidi Abdullah

Accurate and timely diagnosis of respiratory diseases remains a critical challenge in clinical practice, particularly in resource-limited and remote healthcare settings. This study proposes a web-based automated respiratory disease classification sys...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Artificial Intelligence-Enabled Smart Healthcare)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1,352 Views
17 Pages

Post-quantum cryptographic (PQC) algorithms are being developed to guard against quantum-computing attacks, but their behavior in constrained Internet of Things (IoT) environments remains an important topic of discussion. In this work, we study the i...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cyber Security in the New “Edge Computing and IoT” World, 2nd Edition)
  • Article
  • Open Access
850 Views
28 Pages

Mobile edge computing (MEC) enables computation-intensive and latency-sensitive tasks to be offloaded from mobile devices to nearby edge servers. Most existing MEC task offloading studies formulate offloading as a selection problem over a fixed or fu...

  • Article
  • Open Access
516 Views
27 Pages

Future Internet applications such as intelligent transportation, immersive services, and edge-assisted artificial intelligence require latency-sensitive service provisioning at the network edge. In containerized mobile edge computing (MEC), service o...

(This article belongs to the Section Network Virtualization and Edge/Fog Computing)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,097 Views
33 Pages

A Mixed-Reality Approach to Cardiovascular Anatomy Education

  • Shantanu Patil,
  • Virinchi Lalwani,
  • Bahar Uddin Mahmud,
  • Steven M. Carr,
  • Jade Woodcock,
  • Kelsey Grellinger and
  • Guan Yue Hong

Mixed-reality (MR) technologies have enhanced anatomy education through immersive three-dimensional visualization; however, most existing systems lack tutoring capabilities that respond contextually during anatomical exploration. This paper presents...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Virtual Reality and Metaverse: Impact on the Digital Transformation of Society—3rd Edition)
  • Article
  • Open Access
968 Views
23 Pages

Baseline web security configuration is a critical but often overlooked component of national cybersecurity posture, particularly in small and developing digital economies. This study presents a systematic empirical assessment of Tier-1 HTTP security...

(This article belongs to the Section Cybersecurity)
  • Article
  • Open Access
528 Views
44 Pages

Future 6G networks require higher performance and wider service coverage. Multi-domain Service Function Chain (SFC) deployment enables service provisioning across multiple network domains to meet these demands. However, when collaboration occurs amon...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Software-Defined Networking and Network Function Virtualization)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
605 Views
31 Pages

Hierarchical cloud–edge networks rely on distributed control planes to manage large-scale heterogeneous infrastructures, where controller placement and node assignment strongly affect latency, load balancing, and resilience. Existing methods ty...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Software-Defined Networking (SDN) and Network Function Virtualization (NFV) for a Hyperconnected World)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
976 Views
27 Pages

The rapid growth of the Internet of Things (IoT) has increased dependency on Transport Layer Security (TLS) for securing device communications, enhancing confidentiality while reducing the visibility required by traditional intrusion detection system...

(This article belongs to the Section Cybersecurity)
  • Article
  • Open Access
498 Views
22 Pages

Reliable public-sector labour-market forecasting requires models that can be updated as data sources, AI tools, and labour-market signals evolve. This paper proposes a provider-independent multi-agent framework for dynamic predictive evaluation of na...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Intelligent Agents and Their Application)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,151 Views
27 Pages

Industrial control systems (ICS) are increasingly targeted by cyberattacks that manipulate physical processes while evading data-driven detectors trained on raw time-series data. This paper extracts 34–41 control-theoretic features, including t...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Information and Future Internet Security, Trust and Privacy—4th Edition)
  • Review
  • Open Access
1,224 Views
51 Pages

AIoT-Based Security Systems for Smart Homes and Smart Buildings: A Tertiary Study

  • Francesco Pilotti,
  • Aurora Pavone,
  • Lia Di Sabatino Farinelli,
  • Simone Tinelli and
  • Gaetanino Paolone

The rapid evolution of Smart Homes and Smart Buildings is driven by the transition from the Internet of Things (IoT) to the Artificial Intelligence of Things (AIoT). Within this scenario, Security Systems are particularly critical and data-intensive...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
928 Views
30 Pages

Secure Federated Intrusion Detection for Resource-Constrained IoT Devices Using Lightweight Cryptography: A Hardware-Validated Study

  • Yerlan Tursynbek,
  • Nurtay Albanbay,
  • Djamel Djenouri,
  • Shahid Latif,
  • Ainur Akhmediyarova,
  • Zhibek Alibiyeva,
  • Janna Alimkulova and
  • Dina Oralbekova

Federated learning (FL) enables distributed model training in IoT environments while keeping raw data on local devices. However, protecting model-update exchange is difficult on microcontroller-class devices due to strict latency, memory, and energy...

(This article belongs to the Section Cybersecurity)
  • Article
  • Open Access
793 Views
24 Pages

A Stability-Centric Framework for Lightweight and Explainable Intrusion Detection

  • Abdalilah Alhalangy,
  • Saleh Abdulrahman Alkhamis and
  • Eman Abouelkheir

Effective intrusion detection for Internet of Things (IoT) environments requires balancing predictive performance, resource efficiency, and interpretability—particularly in real-world deployments where traffic distributions and attack scenarios...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Cybersecurity, Threat Detection, and Digital Forensics for IoT Systems)
  • Article
  • Open Access
566 Views
20 Pages

Knee Osteoarthritis (KOA) is a leading contributor to global physical disability, where delayed diagnosis often results in irreversible joint damage and socio-economic cost. Early diagnosis remains challenging due to subtle radiographic biomarkers an...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Distributed Intelligence for IoT and Smart Systems)
  • Systematic Review
  • Open Access
1,016 Views
18 Pages

Explainable and Human-Centered AIoT: A Systematic Review of Integration, Interaction, and Impact

  • Adolfo A. Jurado Rosas,
  • Marina Fernández Miranda,
  • Gladys L. Peña Pazos,
  • Elberth E. García Panta,
  • Carlos A. Ramos Reyes,
  • Milagros P. Córdova de Chang,
  • José H. Chang Valdiviezo,
  • Olga P. Gamarra Chirinos and
  • Carlos E. Esquerre Aguirre

This study analyzes the transition of the Artificial Intelligence of Things (AIoT) toward a Human-Centered Artificial Intelligence (HCAI) approach. Following PRISMA 2020 guidelines, a Systematic Literature Review was conducted on 1 April 2026, retrie...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Information Networks with Human-Centric LLMs)
  • Article
  • Open Access
658 Views
28 Pages

Secure Federated Learning Algorithms for Vertical and Combined Data Partitioning

  • Amir Anees,
  • Ding Ming,
  • Gnana Bharathy and
  • Lois Holloway

With the growing need for collaborative machine learning across institutions holding sensitive data, ensuring data privacy without compromising model performance has become an important challenge. This work introduces secure federated learning algori...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Federated Neural Networks: Design and Deployment)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
924 Views
28 Pages

LSTM-VAE for Temporal Anomaly Detection in Drone Trajectory Analysis: A Comparative Study for Critical Infrastructure Protection

  • Hari Hara Babu Saripalli,
  • Jyothsna Laxmi Saripalli,
  • Leonel Lagos and
  • Himanshu Upadhyay

Unauthorized commercial drone activity around critical infrastructure motivates the development of trajectory-level anomaly detection. We present a rigorous benchmarking study of variational autoencoder methods for drone trajectory anomaly detection...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Wireless Sensor Networks and Internet of Things—2nd Edition)
  • Systematic Review
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,427 Views
24 Pages

Future internet services are expected to increasingly depend on IoT–edge deployments, in which intrusion detection must operate close to constrained, heterogeneous devices rather than only in cloud or data-center environments. Although the lite...

(This article belongs to the Section Cybersecurity)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1,034 Views
30 Pages

ORCHIDE: Bringing Unikernels to an Orchestrator near You

  • Sergiu Weisz,
  • Dragoș Petre,
  • Andreea-Cătălina Mazilu,
  • Virgile Robles,
  • Maria-Elena Mihăilescu,
  • Vlad-Iulius Năstase,
  • Mihai Carabaș,
  • Jacek Andrzejewski,
  • Dawid Lazaj and
  • Andrzej Bartoszek

Recent improvements in hardware and software have enabled a paradigm shift in satellite computing, moving from purpose-built satellites running a single application to platforms capable of executing and even receiving new workloads on orbit. This evo...

  • Article
  • Open Access
772 Views
34 Pages

The integration of heterogeneous healthcare data sources remains a major challenge in developing reliable and personalized predictive systems for digital healthcare applications. Traditional machine learning methods perform well on structured clinica...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Distributed Intelligence for IoT and Smart Systems)
  • Article
  • Open Access
801 Views
29 Pages

Driven by the rapid advancement of intelligence and connectivity, traditional distributed and signal-oriented automotive architectures are gradually being replaced by centralized, service-oriented architectures. In response to this transition, In-Veh...

  • Review
  • Open Access
2 Citations
2,069 Views
50 Pages

Artificial Intelligence of Things (AIoT) is transforming Internet of Things (IoT) systems from cloud-centric data processing into distributed intelligence across device, edge, fog, and cloud tiers. However, existing reviews often emphasize specific c...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning Applications: Progress, Trends and Directions)
  • Review
  • Open Access
1,044 Views
25 Pages

Critical infrastructures are increasingly Internet-connected cyber–physical systems whose recovery after cyber incidents must satisfy safety, timing, regulatory, and interdependency constraints. Yet, the use of large language models (LLMs) for...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Generative Artificial Intelligence: Systems, Technologies and Applications)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1,221 Views
18 Pages

In this work, the newly developed functional bootstrapping (FBT) for the Cheon–Kim–Kim–Song (CKKS) scheme is used for the first time to homomorphically evaluate an encrypted neural network. The advantage of FBT over previous approac...

(This article belongs to the Section Techno-Social Smart Systems)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,324 Views
18 Pages

Edge-AI Enabled Wearables for Construction Safety: Real-Time Physiological Monitoring and Localised Data Processing

  • Basil Alshehri,
  • Nayef Aljhani,
  • Ahmed Albalawi,
  • Waleed Abdulghani,
  • Talal Alfawzan and
  • Ahmad J. Alkhodair

This paper presents the design, implementation, and controlled evaluation of a proof-of-concept ear-level wearable system that integrates local artificial intelligence for real-time physiological monitoring in construction safety applications. The pr...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Artificial Intelligence-Enabled Smart Healthcare)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
396 Views
27 Pages

In highly dynamic vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs), vehicles frequently move across the coverage areas of multiple roadside units (RSUs), making secure and efficient continuous vehicle-to-infrastructure access essential. However, repeated full auth...

(This article belongs to the Section Cybersecurity)
  • Article
  • Open Access
681 Views
19 Pages

The rapid global expansion of photovoltaic capacity, now exceeding 1 TW, has transformed solar power forecasting from an engineering problem into a financially critical investment decision. Yet virtually all published forecasting studies optimise sta...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Artificial Intelligence in Smart Grids)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1,050 Views
14 Pages

Data-Driven and Machine Learning-Based Analysis of Handover Behavior and Network Stability in Mobile Networks

  • Akzhibek Amirova,
  • Aliya Abdiraman,
  • Laura Aldasheva,
  • Ibraheem Shayea,
  • Didar Yedilkhan and
  • Akhmet Tussupov

Handover management is a fundamental process in modern mobile networks, ensuring service continuity under user mobility. However, the relationship between network conditions and handover behavior remains insufficiently understood under real-world mea...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue AI-Enabled 5G and Beyond Communication Networks: Architectures, Intelligence, and Applications)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
744 Views
23 Pages

Adverse drug–drug interactions (DDIs) are a leading cause of preventable medication-related harm, and their automatic detection from the biomedical literature is critical for pharmacovigilance and clinical decision support. Most existing system...

  • Article
  • Open Access
593 Views
23 Pages

As 6G mobile communications evolve, Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite mobile edge computing (MEC) enables globally seamless computing. However, the high mobility of LEO satellites disrupts service continuity and resource stability. Existing approaches...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,077 Views
30 Pages

A Scientific Integrity Framework for Open-Set IoT Intrusion Detection with Device-Disjoint Splits

  • Chekwas Ifeanyi Chikezie,
  • Abraham Usman Usman,
  • Michael David,
  • Sulieman Zubair,
  • Henry Ohiani Ohize and
  • Joseph Ojeniyi

Machine-learning-based intrusion detection for Internet of Things systems has often been evaluated through model-centered pipelines that use weakly governed partitioning, limited leakage auditing, and closed-set assumptions. Consequently, reported pe...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cyber Security in the New “Edge Computing and IoT” World, 2nd Edition)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
956 Views
16 Pages

Background: Continuously monitoring an ECG signal is vital for patients who cannot articulate their symptoms in a healthcare setting. To identify abnormalities, we introduce a compact one-dimensional convolutional autoencoder (CNN-AE) that can operat...

(This article belongs to the Section Internet of Things)
  • Article
  • Open Access
523 Views
35 Pages

Federated Learning (FL) enables privacy-preserving model training in edge and IoT environments. However, in adversarial settings, FL suffers from two key challenges: robustness degradation due to data heterogeneity and poisoning attacks, and runtime...

(This article belongs to the Section Internet of Things)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
2,256 Views
19 Pages

Financial analysis increasingly depends on the ability to transform heterogeneous textual evidence into reliable, verifiable, and actionable knowledge. However, adoption in finance requires generated outputs to be not only accurate, but also traceabl...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Human-Centric Explainability in Large-Scale IoT and AI Systems)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1,610 Views
27 Pages

Topology-Aware Vulnerability Prioritization on Automated Attack Graphs from Infrastructure-as-Code

  • Iulian Tiță,
  • Luca-Ionuț Corățu,
  • Mihai Cătălin Cujbă and
  • Nicolae Țăpuș

Contemporary vulnerability management relies on the Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS) and the Exploit Prediction Scoring System (EPSS), both of which evaluate Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE) entry in isolation, disregarding the ne...

(This article belongs to the Section Cybersecurity)

of 2

XFacebookLinkedIn
Future Internet - ISSN 1999-5903